江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)

1、江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析（12月）山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考ATherearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeofhealthandwealth andothercomfortsoflife,onebecomeshappy;theotherbecomesunhappy.Thisarisesfromthe differentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthings,persons,eventsandtheresultingeffectsupon theirminds

2、. PeoplewhoaretobehappyRxtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings:thepleasantparts ofconversation,thewellprepareddishes,thegoodnessofthewine,andthefineweather.The yenjoya11thecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheopposite things.Therefore,theyarecontinuallydissatisfied.Bytheirrema

3、rks,theysourthepleas ureofsociety2offend（hurt）manypeople,andmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.The intentionofcriticizingandbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation（仿 效）。Itgrowsintoahabit,unknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrong,butitmaybecuredwhe nthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirintere

4、stsandtastes.Ihopethislittlewar ningmaybeofservicetothem,andhelpthemchangethishabit. Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimagination,ithasseriousresultsinlfesinceitb ringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;nobodylovesthem,andnoon etreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpolitenessandrespec

5、t.Iftheybringonthemselve spublicobjections,noonewilldefendorexcusethem,andmanywilljointocriticizetheirwr ongdoings.Thesepeopleshouldchangethisbadhabitandbepleasedwithwhatispleasing,wit houtworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselvesandothers.Iftheydont,itwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontactwiththem.Otherwise,

6、itcanbedisagreeablea ndsometimesveryinconvenient,especiallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels. 56.Peoplewhoareunhappy. A.alwaysconsiderthingsdifferentlyfromothers B.usuallyareaffectedbytheresultsofcertainthings C.usuallymisunderstandwhatothersthinkorsay D.alwaysdiscovertheunpleasantsideofcertainth

7、ings 57.Theunderlinedphrase“sourthepleasureofsocietyinthesecondparagraphmeans. A.haveagoodtastewithsociallifeB.makeothersunhappy C.tendtoscoldothersopenlyD.enjoythepleasureoflife 58.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat. A.weshouldpityallsuchunhappypeople. B.suchunhappypeoplearedangeroustosociallife. C.pe

8、oplecangetridofthehabitofunhappiness. D.unhappypeoplecannotunderstandhappypersons. 59.Ifsuchunhappypersoninsistsonkeepingthehabit,theauthorsuggestspeopleshould . A.preventanycommunicationwiththem. B.shownorespectandpolitenesstothemC.persuadethemtorecognizethebadeffects D.quarrelwiththemuntiltheyreal

9、izethemistakes 60.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterpreferstocommunicatewith.A.peoplewhoarehappyB.peoplewhoareunhappyC.AandBD.Noneofthem 56 60.DBCAA *山东省济宁实验中学2018 届高三月考 BThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldis asterarea.Nauru sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconse

10、quence-othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes. Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwe sterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcap tainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland. However,becauseitwasveryremote,Nau

11、ruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfi rst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelem entsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilw arstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900. Naurusrealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishmining

12、companydiscoveredphosphate（磷 酸盐 ）ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisa veryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate. Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines, itremovesthetoplayer（ 层 ）ofsoil.Thenittakesaw

13、aythematerialitwants.Stripmining（开采 ）totallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethem oon. In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernment receivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate. Unfortunately,theleadersinvested（投资 ）themoneyunwisel

14、yandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredoll arsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblemtheirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnot hing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatiswouldtakeapproximately$43 3,600,000a

15、ndmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen. 61.Whatmightbetheauthor spurposeinwritingthetext? A.ToseekhelpforNauru sproblem.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries. C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D.Totellaheart-breakingstoryofawar. 62.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame? A.Richandpower

16、ful.B.Modernandopen. C.Peacefulandattractive.D.Greedyandaggressive. 63.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom.A.soilpollutionB.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivityD.whalehunting 64.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru sfinancialproblem ？A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland

17、. C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar. 65.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts wordsseriously.C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans. D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.61 65.BCBAA *山东省济宁

18、实验中学 2018届高三月考一 cRecentlyacoupleinNewZealandwereforbiddenfromnamingtheirbabyson4Real.Event houghNewZealandhasquitegenerousrulesaboutnamingchildren,namesbeginningwithanumb erarenotallowed.TheydecidedtocallhimSupermaninstead.Inmanycountriesaroundtheworld,unusualnamesforchildrenarebecomingmorepopul ar,

19、especiallysincetheincreasingtrendforcelebrities（名A ）togivetheirchildrenwackynames.InBritain,youcancallachildalmostanythingyoulik e-theonlyrestrictions（ 限制）onparentsrelatestooffensivewordssuchasswear（ 立誓，起 誓）words. Someparentschoosenameswhichcomefrompopularculture.Forexample,therehavebee nsixboysname

20、dGandalfafterthecharacterintheLordoftheRingsnovelsandfilms.Equally, namesrelatedtosportarefairlycommon-since1984,36childrenhavebeencalledArsenalaf terthefootballteam.Otherparentsliketomakeupmanes,orcombinenamestomaketheirownuniqueversion,a methoddemonstratedbyJordan,theBritishmodel,whorecentlyinvent

21、edthenameTiaamiifor herdaughterbycombiningthenamesTheaandAmy（thetwograndmothers）.Shewasquotedassayi ngthattheaccentanddoubleletterswereaddedtomakethename “ moreexotic .Othercountrieshavemuchstricterrulerswhenitcomestonamingchildren.Countries includingJapan,Denmark,Spain,GermanyandArgentinahaveanappr

22、ovedlistofnamesfromwh ichparentsmustchoose.InChina,therearesomerulesaboutwhatyoumaycallachild-nofor eignlettersorsymbolsareallowed.Asaresultacouplewererecentlybannedfromcallingthe irbaby.InBritain,somenameswhichwerepreviouslythoughtofasold-fashionedhavebecomem orepopularagain,suchasMaisieorEllaforag

23、irl,orAlfieorNoahforababy.Butthemostpopu larnamesarenottheoddones.Thetopnamesarefairlytraditional-Jack,CharlieandThomas forboysandGrace,RubyandJessicaforgirls. 66.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,inNewZealand.A.therearemanyrulesaboutnamingchildren.B.nopeoplearewillingtouse4Realasnames.C.peoplehavemuchfr

24、eedomtonametheirchildren.D.traditionalnamesarelosingtheirpopularity.67.Theunderlinedpart“wackynames inParagraph2referstonamesthatare.A.strangeB.admirableC.traditionalD.popular68.Whichofthefollowingnamesisbestacceptedaccordingtothepassage?A.ArsenalB.CharlieC.TiaamiiD.Noah69.ThetwocouplesinChinaandinN

25、ewZealandhavesomethingincommonthat. A.theirpreferenceisforeignnames B.thereattemptgoesagainstrules C.theyhopetheirchildgrowshealthily D.theyshownointerestintradition70.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.parentshavenorighttonametheirchildreninSpain. B.TiaamiiwillsoonbeapopularnameamongtheBritish. C.N

26、oparentsspeakbadlanguagetotheirchildinBritain. D.Popularculturehasaninfluenceinnamingchildren. 66 70CABBD *山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考-一 dDearCary,I mwritingbecauseI veunderstoodyou vestruggledwithalcoholism（ 酗酒）.I ， vebeenfightingmineeversinceIwentthrough9.11.Afterthat,Ivebeenmoreorlessuselessprofessionally

27、-Imalawyer-andhavehadtoresignfrommyjobbecauseIwasdiscoveredpassed-outdrunkinfron tofmycomputer.Ivetakensomemedicineandithashelpedsomewhat.Icanmanageaboutamonthwithoutdrinking, butafterthatIenduphavingacrazystagewherenothingmattersexceptdrinking.Afteraweek orsoofheavydrinking,Istarthavingnightmares（恶

28、魔）ofpeoplejumping.Afterthat,it saweekofnotbeingabletogetoutofbed.IwassupposedtotraveltoaconferencebutdidntmakeitbecauseIgotsodrunkattheairportthatIfelldownonmyfaceandspenttherestofthed ayintheemergencyroom.Ihavebeenhidingfrommyfamilysincethen.Fortunatelytheywontbeexpectingmetocomebackforaweekorso.Ot

29、herwise,theywouldnoticethebumponmyforehe adandtwoblackeyes. Idon treallyknowwhatI maskingyou.Cary,Ineedawayoutthatdoesn tinvolvecausingpaintomyfamily.Imtakingmedicine,butIstillhavetheseattackseveryfewmonths.Iftheresalcoholinthehouse,Ican tstayawayfromit.Itseemsthatthiswillneverend.Imafraidofwhatwill

30、happenifsomethingbadhappens,likeafamilymemberdying,orgettingfi redagain. Thanksforreading. Yours, T 71.TheunderlinedsentenceshowsusallthefollowingEXCEPT. A.thattheauthorisalawyerbyprofession B.thattheauthorisalawyerandheseldomgetsdrunk C.thereasonwhytheauthorhadtoresign D.thattheauthorwasoncediscove

31、reddrunkasafish 72.TheauthorwritestoCaryinorderto.A.offeradviceB.tellastoryC.avoidnightmaresD.askforhelp 73.Whatistheauthorworriedabout?A.LosinghisjobB.MissingtheconferenceC.BringpaintohisfamilyD.Givingupdrinking 74.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?A.T sfamilymembersdon twanttoseehimbecauseofhisalcoholis

32、m.B.GettingdrunkoncepreventedTfromattendingaconference. C.Twillhavenightmareswhenhestopsalcoholism. D.Tneverattemptedtogiveuphisalcoholism.75.WeknowfromthepassagethatGary.A.likestotalkaboutthedetailsofhislife B.isanexceptontreatingalcoholism C.isprobablyarecoveredalcoholic D.neversufferedfromalcohol

33、ism71 75.BDCBC*【推断词义篇】 词数：275体裁：科技说明文 难度：4Australianscientistsaretryingtogivekangaroo-stylestomachstocattleandsheepinabi d tocuttheemiss ionofgreenhousegasesblamedforglobalwarming.Thankstospecialbacteriaintheirstomachs,kangaroofartscontainnomethane甲 烷andscientistswanttotransferthatbacteriatocattlean

34、dsheepwhoemitlargequantitiesof theharmfulgas.Whiletheusualimageofgreenhousegaspollutionisabillowingsmokestackpushingoutcarb ondioxide,livestockpassingwindcontributeasurprisinglyhighpercentageoftotalemiss ionsinsomecountries.“FourteenpercentofemissionsfromallsourcesinAustraliaisfromentericmethanefrom

35、ca ttleandsheep,“saidAtholKlieve,aseniorresearchscientistwiththeQueenslandstategovernment.“AndifyoulookatanothercountrysuchasNewZealand,whichhasgotamuchhigheragricultur albase,theyreactuallyuparound50percent, “ hesaid.Researcherssaythebacteriaalsomakesthedigestiveprocessmuchmoreefficientandcould pot

36、entiallysavemillionsofdollarsinfeedcostsforfarmers.Butitwilltakeresearchersatleastthreeyearstois01atethebacteria,beforetheycaneve nstarttodevelopawayoftransferringittocattleandsheep.Anothergroupofscientists,meanwhile,hassuggestedAustraliansshouldfarmfewercattl eandsheepandjusteatmorekangaroos.Theide

37、aiscontroversial争议,butabout20percentofhealthconsciousAustraliansarebelievedtoeatthenationalsymbolalready.Itslowinfat,itsgothighproteinlevelsanditsverycleaninthesensethatbasicallyi tstheultimatefreerangeanimal散 养 动 物 ,saidPeterAmptoftheUniversityofNewSouthWalessinstituteofenvironmentalstudies. 56.Acc

38、ordingtothepassage,globalwarmingisnowmainlycausedby.A.methaneB.carbondioxideC.livestockpassingwindD.notmentioninthispassage 56.D考查细节理解。A B C均是导致全球变暖的缘故，但文中并没有提到哪一个是要紧缘 故，因此答案为 D文中没有提到。 57.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase “theidea ”paragraph9referto? A.Australiansshouldgivekangaroo-stylestomachstocattlean

39、dsheep. B.Thebacteriacouldmakethedigestiveprocessmuchmoreefficient. C.Australiansshouldfarmfewercattleandsheepandjusteatmorekangaroos. D.Thebacteriacouldpotentiallysavemillionsofdollarsinfeedcostsforfarmers. 57.C考查猜测词义。从上文“另一组科学家建议澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉”及 下文“尽管这一观点有争议，但目前约有20%t康意识较强的澳大利亚人差不多吃上了被视为“国家象征”的袋

40、鼠”可知这一观点指的是上文“澳大利亚人应少养牛羊，多吃袋鼠肉” 58.HowwillAustralianscientistssoketheproblemofglobalwarming? A.Eatingmorekangaroos. B.Killingmorecattleandsheep. C.Lettingcattleandsheeppasslesswind. D.Transferringthespecialbacteriainkangaroos stomachstocattleandsheep.58.A考查推理判断。从文章第一、二自然段“为了减少导致全球变暖的温室气体的排放， 澳大利亚科学家

41、目前正在想方法将牛羊胃变成袋鼠式的胃。袋鼠胃中有一种特别的细菌能使其放的屁中不含有甲烷。科学家想将这种细菌移至牛羊的胃中，以抑制它们所排放的大量有害气体。”可推断得知。 *4士击【阅读判断推理篇】词数：284体裁：广告难度：3Isvegfoodhealthierthannon-vegfood?Ifeelthisisaverycommontopicthatpeoplespeakon、PleasegivemeyouropinionsonthistopiC、Rao12-18-08Sofarasvegfoodisconcerned,itisalsoprovedtobeahealthyandnutrit

42、iousdiet,buthasveryfewitemswhichcanprovideuswithproteins,butifyous eenon-vegfoodlikeeggs,chicken,andmanymore,suchfoodshavealargecon tentofproteinsinthem.Sai 12-19-08Manbasicallyisherbivorous食草的.IfwelookattheanimalkingdomWecanseethatalltheherbivorousanimalshavethesimilardental牙 齿的structure,whichclear

43、lyshowsthatthehumanbeingalsooughttobevegetar ianbybirth.Itisonlythelivingconditionsthatmakemancarnivorous食肉的. Thevegetarianfoodsareeasilydigestible.SantosNon-vegfooditemsarebetterthanvegitems.Ahealthypersonrequirescomp12-20-08letedietandveg+meatmakesthedietcomplete.Theonlycautionthatneedst obetakenisnottohavenon-vegitemsonadailybasis.Onceinaweekorcouple ofweekswillbebest.Krishna