2018届上海高考英语一模试题之时态语态专题复习

1、第3讲时态语态专题【奉贤】grammar schools (22)(establish) hundreds of years ago to teach theLatin language to children who were not from rich families.【虹口】 2. There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food

2、 is awful, and they (21)(treat) unfairly.3. “The real problem is that the whiners don' t feel they are being taken seriously, ” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., L td. "(30)(give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear.”【黄浦】4. N

3、ationally,Norway (23) _has experienced (experience) an 11%increasein tourism in the past decade.5. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain, (24) _saw(see) 1,800 visitors in one 2017 day alone.【金山】 6. With often nothing m

4、ore than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artist produces elaborate drawings that could easily 22(mistake) for the work of anymodern digital camera.【闵行】7. I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科).Mr. McMahon 21(bring) in when his body was found very swollen(浮月中的)【浦东】8. The Hollow Flashlight i

5、s madefrom Peltier tiles (珀耳贴贴片)that produce energy when one side 26(heat) and the other side remains cool.【青浦】 9. Kevin assumedthe person on the boat (22) (jump) out of it. "Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound," says Kevin, now 42.“That' s (23)I realized somebody was in tr

6、ouble. ”10. thought it was a life jacket,“ he says."When I caught up to it, I realizedit (25)(attach) to a person. ”【松江】11. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) _were milked(milk).I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afte

7、rward.【徐?匚】12. Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh' s OliveTrees, whenit (22) (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.【杨浦】13. According to lifes

8、tyle website , slurping (发出"哧溜"声)when eatingnoodles (23)(encourage) in Japanese culture.【长宁嘉定】14. 21 (Create) a system that can routinely hire and prepareteachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (竞技场)in which the United States 22 (fall) behind the most.15. Even

9、 if they do, there is little guarantee that the quality of teaching 30(improve). Although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluation practices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, a theory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and

10、sticks alone leaves the development of teaching abilities to chance.【静安】16. To business with garbage containers (polluted ' with more than 10recyclables, warning (27)(issue). If they fail to take action, fines are expected.【普陀】 17. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer

11、 in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21)_ (rise) by 43% and 17%,respectively so far.18. The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales last year less than 1% of RVs produced domestically (27) (ship) to foreign markets may improve, too.【宝山】19. The best beliefs are the ones that

12、 (22) _will be cherished/ are cherished( cherish) throughout a lifetime. Onebelief I cherish above all others is the power and enjoyment of reading.20. Books (30)_ _helped (help) me through difficult periods and applauded me in times of celebration. Books always makemesmile. That' s the biggest

13、reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy.【崇明】21. People in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28) (draw) will translate into an economic development for the area. Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially in recent years.动词的时态与语态是两个非

14、常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须 借助于时态和语态来完成。高考试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其他语法内容的测试，比如各种从 句、强调句、倒装句等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括：1 .注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别，如一般过去时与现在完成时、一般现在时（过去时）与现在（过去）进行时的区别等。要求准确判断动作和时间的关系，正确理解时间概念，如是现在、过去还是将来，是时间段、时间点还是时间瞬间。2 .遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，考查在状语从句等特定语言环境中时态的代替。要求吃透语境，摸清命题人的意图，善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，

15、克服汉语式的惯性思维。3 .把语态与时态结合在一起，进行综合考查。各种常用时态的被动语态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一,而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽，试题难度呈现加大的趋势。要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系，分清是主动还是被动。4 .考查主动形式表示被动意义。对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用。重点知识梳理、高考常考的几种易混时态的辨析1. 一般现在时与现在进行时（1） 一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经常性动作，常伴随使用 usually , often , seldom等频度副词；现在进 行时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态，常跟now/, at present

16、 等时间状语。He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn't writing at present.他经常写许多信，但他现在没在写。（2）表示客观事实或普遍真理时，要用一般现在时，不能用现在进行时。The Earth goes around the Sun.地球绕着太阳转。2. 一般过去时与过去进行时（1） 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作。I was reading a novel last night.昨晚我在看小说（可能没看完）。I read a novel last night.我昨晚看了

17、一本小说（已经看完了）。（2） 一般过去时用于表示一个单纯动作，过去进行时用于表示过去一段时间反复做的动作。Did he ask questions他提问题了吗He was asking questions all the time.他始终在提问题。（3）一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重说明事实），过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday

18、afternoon.他昨天下午在画一张画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。（3） 一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重说明事实），过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午在画一张画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。3. 现在完成时与一般过去时（1）两者都表示发生在过去的动作。但现在完成时表示过去动作与现在

19、的关系，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：They've gone to Paris.他们到巴黎去了（说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里）。They went to Paris.他们去过巴黎（只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里）。（2）现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间内的任何时间，可与so far , up to now, lately , ever since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用，但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；一般过去时表示的是过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间。I haven't seen the fi

20、lm yet.我还没看过这部影片（到目前为止）。I saw the film the day before yesterday.我前天看的这部电影（表明看电影的时间是在前天）。4. 过去完成时与一般过去时（1） 一般过去时通,常与具体过去时间状语连用；即使没有时间状语，根据具体的语言环境，我们也可以作出明确的判断。（2）过去完成时是一种相对的时态，表示在过去某时刻之前发生。时间参照点与一般过去时不同，一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言，过去完成时则是与过去某一时刻而言的，即“过去的过去”。5. 一般将来时与将来进行时一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而将来进行时表示

21、将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。She is sixteen , who will be seventeen next year.她十六岁，明年将十七岁。What will you be doing at this time next Monday下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢6. 一般将来时与将来进行时一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而将来进行时表示将来的某一 时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。She is sixteenwho will be seventeen next year.她十六岁，明年将十七岁。What will you be doing a

22、t this time next Monday下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢（2）现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。如：Have you been meeting her lately（经常相见 ）Have you met her lately（不重复发生）（3）现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩；而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。如：Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly.（显然是在表扬玛丽 ）Recently Mary has done her

23、 homework regularly.（只说明一个事实 ）二、固定句型中的固定时态在某些固定句型里往往有固定的时态要求，请体会下列句子中时态的运用：1. This/It is the first/second. time I have done sth.That/It was the first/second. time I had done sth.2. It is two years since he went abroad./It was two years since he had gone abroad.3. I was about to go out when the telep

24、hone rang.4. Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.5. No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang.6. It won't be long before he comes back./It wasn't long before he came back.7. I didn't manage to understand it until he had explained it again.8. 祈使句+ and（or/or else/otherwise

25、）+并列分句（并列分句中谓语动词多用一般将来时）三、被动语态1 .被动语态的构成英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态是无标记的，而被动语态则是有标记的。被动语态由“助动词be +过去分词”构成.-o助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式见下表：x现在过去o虫将来一般is/dm/口e doiwwas/.ene doftewill Ml be daflFwwjld should be dkm味进行i's/ain/aj? bei” done看晅/ere being dewwilPahtall be being donewouldL

26、should be Mi黑 done完成luveJhas tiEem doilebad beefl d口Mwilt shall haved口口£would ' Hhould bal e been idatle知i港行lia.re-,lias been beifts： rkartEhad been ki哼 doneMill diall have been beany Imewould shEnild) e berrt Lei no： d帕2 .主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况(1)英语中有很多动词，如 break , catch , clean , drive , look ,

27、open, sell , read , write , wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常常和easily , well等副词连用。This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布好洗。The sign reads as follows.这牌子告示如下。This material won't wear.这种材料不耐穿。The machine runs well.这种机器运转良好。特别提醒：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。(2)表示感受、感官的系动词fe

28、el , sound , taste , look等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来合理。在need, want, require , deserve , bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing/to be repaired.这所房子需要修理。(4)在某些“主语(人/物)+be +形容词+不定式”中不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy, fit , hard , diff

29、icult , important , impossible , pleasant , interesting 等。The problem is difficult to work out.这道题很难计算出。(可看作to work out 省略了 for me)(5)be to rent/blame/let也属于主动形式表被动意义。Who is to blame for the mistake谁应为这个错误接受谴责The houses are to let.这些房子有待出租。(6)介词in , on, under等十名词构成介词短语表被动意义。表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之意，

30、其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有：under control受控制；under treatment 在治疗中；under repair在修理中;under discussion 在讨论中；under construction 在施工中；beyond belief 令人难以置信；beyond one'sreach 鞭长莫及；beyond one's control无法控制；beyond our hope 我们始料不及；for sale 出售；for rent 出租；in print 在印刷中；in sight 在视野范围内；on sale 出售；

31、on show 展出；on trial 受审；out of control 控制不了； out of sight 超出视线；out of one's reach 够不着；out of fashion不流行。如：The rumor is beyond belief( = can't be believed) .那个谣言令人难以置信。Today some treasures are on show( = are being shown)in the museum.今天一些珍宝正在博物馆展出。高中英语语法精选100题()1. Ms Nancy didn t mind at all t

32、o the ceremony.A. being not invitedB. not being invited C. not invitingD. not to beinvited ()2.A. How a great successC. How great successB. What a great successD. What great success your meeting is! ” he offere d them his sincere congratulations.()3. We must remember that fashion is not the most imp

33、ortant thing in life.A. /; theB. /; /C. the; /D. the; the()4.It quite a few years the accused was declared innocent andset free.A. was; since B. is; thatC. will be; whenD. was; before()5.The professor said he could talk on interested the audience.A. any topic B. which topic C. whichever topic D. the

34、 topic he thought it()6.Under no circumstance to tell lies to parents.A. children are allowedB. are children allowedC. children will allowD. will children allow()7.Modern science and technology has communication between people farapart.A. made convenientB. made it convenientC. made it convenient for

35、D. made it convenient to()8. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John' s birthday party,A. didn' t I B. didn' t you C. hadn ' t you D. will you()9.The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things to teach you the art of learning.A. asB. thatC. thanD. b

36、ut()10.No matter how frequently the works of Beethoven always attract alarge number of people.A. performing B. performedC. to be performed D. being performed()11.their real economic situations, they got some relief fund from thegovernment.A. ConsideringC. Having been consideredB. ConsideredD. Being

37、considered()12.A. mustn' tTina have known the truth, or she would have told us.B. shouldn ' t C. can ' tD. needn ' t()13.A. is the matterC. is the wrong ()14.A. LackingC. Because of lack()15. In recent yearsskills.There are some police cars in front. What do you supposeB. is happened

38、D. the trouble isof water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid.B. Being lackD. Lack much more emphasis has been put developing the students productiveA. ontoB. inC. overD. on()16. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS,weresurprising.A. as

39、resultsB. which resultsC. the results of itD. the results of which()17.The organization broke no rules, but had it acted responsibly.A. neitherB. soC. eitherD. both()18. Many workers were organized to clear awayremained of the World Trade Center.A. thoseB. thatC. whatD. where()19.My train arrives in

40、 NewYork at eight o' clock tonight. The plane I wouldlike to take from there by then.A. would leaveB. will have leftC. has leftD. had left()20. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds his arguments in favor of the new theory. A. to be based onB. to base onC. which to base onD. on whic

41、h to base()21 .evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated.A. If beingB. It isC. There is D. There being()22. Professor Wang ,for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.A. knowing B. knownC. to be knownD. having known()23.In fact Peter would rather have left fo

42、r San Francisco than in NewYork.A. to stayB. stayedC. stayD. having stayed()24.You him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A. shouldn't followB. mustn't followC. couldn't have been followingD. shouldn't have been following()25.There has been a great increase in retail sale

43、s ,?A. does thereB. isn't thereC. hasn't thereD. isn't it()26. It is the news most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approvedroad to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can.A. that depriveB. that it deprivesC. that deprivesD. when it depriv

44、es()27.We hadH t met for 20 years, but I recognized her I saw her .A. the momentB. for the momentC. the moment whenD. at the moment when()28.On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward through the windowwhat happened outside the room.A. to seeingB. to seeC. seeingD. to have seen()29.You be driven

45、out of the school if you dare to cheat in the exam.A. shouldB. wouldC. willD. shall()30.Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better, so we can' thelp under the stress.A. but working B. but to work C. workD. but work()31.We all think that no need to make laws to prevent the youn

46、g fromgetting married during their college life.A. it isB. there hasC. it hasD. there is()32.Postage, the necklace will cost you at least 650 yuan.A. includingB. includedC. includeD. to be included()33.With his eyes on the family album, he thought of the fun he hadA. fixing ()34.A. before ()35. if i

47、t.A. is ()36.A. was reportedC. were reported ()37. with a girl.A. went out ()38.when he lived with his parents.B. fixedC. to be fixed D. being fixedGeorge applied for the position three times he finally got it.B. untilC. whenD. afterThis robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but it remains a pro

48、blemB.savesC. doesD. hasThere were many more people who got injured in the big fire thanB. it was reportedD. they were reportedHe doesn' t know what to say, for it is the first time that heB. goes out C. has gone out D. had gone outwhich way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman

49、who comforted his sister from time to time.A. Leaving to wonderB. Having left to wonderC. Left wonderingD. Left to wonder()39.During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this cityA. to be builtto see the old castles in the sixteenth century.B. being builtD. built) 40.A. they willWh

50、en do you thinkB. will theystart the new attackC. they canD. can they)41. Some 25,000 people were reportedin the ever recorded worst earthquake inIran, which occurred late this month.A. were killedB. to be killed C. killingD. to have been killed) 42.the teacher s suggestion, Tom finally found a way

51、to settle theproblem.A. FollowingB. To followC. FollowD. He followed) 43.that no one was ever prepared for it.A. So suddenly did the bad news comeB. So suddenly the bad news cameC. So did the bad news come suddenlyD. Did the bad news come so suddenly) 44.the friendshipbetween our two people last for

52、ever! ” , and withthis sincere hope, the president concluded his speech.)45.A. CouldB. MayC. WouldWe need a more capable leader,D. Mustwith strong will and as well asgood humour.A. whoB. thatC. oneD. which)46. Many peopleattend variouspublic lectures,chieflythemselves familiar with thelatest develop

53、ment of different fields.) 47.A. gettingB. to getIt is no longerC. to have gota problemD. gotthe poor children in this district cango to school.A. thatB. whetherC. soD. because) 48. Of all the applicants,do you think is fit for the position) 49.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomeverD. whicheverPart of the work

54、 is to be finished today andby this weekend.A. anotherB. the othersC. the restD. the other) 50.Generally speaking, the hard one works,A. the better he gets resultB. the better result he gets) 51.C. he gets better resultD. does he get better resultWith the worldwide oil crisis, the price of oil has b

55、een raised15%.A. aboutB. withC. ofD. by) 52. The lectures,the current international issues, are well received.A. are covered B. coveredC. coveringD. to cover) 53. Peter is very angry aboutof the changed timetable.C. having been builtA. not informingB. not being informed C. being not informedD.not to

56、 be informed) 54.It isthat terrorism is a great threat to world peace.A. widely acceptedB. widely accepting C. wide accepted The house built of stone lasts longer thanD. wide accepting built of wood.D. mustn t( ) 56.A. the oneB. oneE-mail aswellC. thatD. itsastelephones _ more and more popularcommunication.A. have becomeB. becomeC.are becoming D. is becoming( ) 57.This kind of cloth well.A. washesB.washC.is washed D. is washing( ) 58.What do you mean saying that you ve never heard of it beforeA. inB.byC.asD.