单片机红外遥控外文翻译

1、Infrared RenIOte And ChiPS Are IntrOdUCedPeople S eyes Can See the ViSibIe WaVeIe ngth from IOng to ShOrt accord ing to the arrangement, in Order to red, orange, yellow, green, green, blue, ViOIet One Of the red WaVeIengthS for O. 620 76 mount, PUrPIe is O. 38 WaVeIength range mount. PUrPIe isShOrte

2、r than the WaVeIength Of Iight CalIed UItraViOIet ray, red WaVeIe ngths Of Iight is Ion ger tha n that Of in frared Iight In frared remOte COntrol is to USe WaVeIength for O. 761. 5 InOUrrt between the near in frared to tran Sfer COn trol Sig nalCOmmO nly USed in frared remOte COn trol SyStem Of gen

3、 eral POi nts tran Snlit and receive two PartS The main COmPOnent Part for the IaUnCh Of Infrared Iight emitting diode It is actually a SPeCiaI Iight emitting diode, due to its internal material differs from Ordinary Iight emitting diode, resuIting in its ends On Certain voltage, it is a :rather inf

4、rared Iight USe Of infrared Iight emitti ng diode the in frared WaVeIe ngths, for 94OnnI appeara nee and Ordin ary, just the Same Iight emitting diode five different COIOrS Infrared Iight emitting diode gen erally have black and blue, tran SPare IIt three COIOrS JUdgme nt Of infrared Iight emitting

5、diode and judgment method, USing a InilIimeter to Ordinary diode electric block measure Of infrared Iight emitting diode, reverse resista nee The in frared Iight emitti ng diode IUnlin esce nce efficie ncy to USe SPeCiaI instrument to measure precise, and USe OnIy SPare COnditiOnS to PUlI away from

6、roughly judgment ReCeiVing Part Of infrared receiving tube is a PhOtOSe nsitivediodeIn actual application Of it receiving diode to reverse bias, it Can WOrk normally, ie., the infrared receiving CirCUit application in diode is USed to reverse, higher SenSitiVity Infrared receiving diode USUalIy have

7、 two round and rectangular DUe to the POWer Of infrared Iight emitting diode (Or IeSS COnlmOnIy IOOmW), SO ir receiving diode received SignaIS is weak, SO WilI increasehigh-gain OneS the amplifiercircuit.In COln mon CX20106A, etc PC1373H moo n in frared receivi ng SPeCiaI amplifierCirCUit In recent

8、years both amateur Or formal PrOdUCts, mostly USing in frared recei Ving head fini Shed The head Of in frared recei Ving PrOdUCt PaCkageS gen erally has two kin ds: One kind USES Sheet Shield ing, A kind Of PIaStiC PaCkaging There are three pin, namely the POWer is (VDD), POWer negative (GND) and da

9、ta OUtPUt (VO Or OUT) Infrared receiving head foot arrangement for types varied, manufacturer, S instructions FiniShed the advantages Of infrared receiving head is not in need Of SOPhiStiCated debugg ing and ShelI SCree n, USe rise as a tran SiStor, Very COnVenient BUt Whe n USed in the infrared rec

10、eivingattention finished first Carrier frequencyIn frared remote Com mon Carrier freque ncy for 38kHz, this is tran SnIitted by USing 455kHz TaO Zhe n to decide At the IaUnCh Of CryStals Were in teger freque ncy, freque ncy COeffiCie nts, SO COln mon Iy 12, SO 455kHz 亍 12 hun dredth kHz 38kHz hun dr

11、edth 379, O00. SOme remOte COn trol SyStem adopts 36kHz, 56kHz, etc general 4OkHz IaUnChed by the CryStaIS Of OSCilIatiOn freque ncy to decide.In frared remote CharaCteriStiC is not in flue nee the SUrrO Unding environment and does not interfere With Other electric equipment. DUe to its CannOt Pen e

12、tratewalls, SO the room Can USe COm mon household applia nee Of remOte COntrOI WithOUt mutual interference, CirCUit testing is simple, as IOng as give n CirCUit COnneCtion, gen erally does not n eed any COnlmiSSi Oning Can work, DeCOding easily, Can Undertake multiple remote COntrO1. BeCaUSe each ma

13、nufacturer PrOdUCeS a great deal Of infrared remote application-specific integrated circuit, Wherl need PreSS diagram SO jip Therefore, the infrared remote now in household applia nces, in door CIOSe (IeSS tha n 10 meters) in the remote COntrOI is widely- used.MUItiPIe infrared remote COntrOI SySten

14、I Of infrared emission COntrOI buttons, there are many PartS general representative Of differeIlt COntrOI function. Whe n PreSSed a butt on, COrreSP Ondin gly in the receiver With differe nt OUtput.ReCeiVing the OUtPUt State Can be roughly divided into pulse, level, SelfIOCk ing and in terlock, data

15、 five formsThe PUISe OUtPUt is accordi ng to IaUn ch Whe n the butt on, the receiver OUtPUt term in als OUtPUt COrreSP Onding effective： a PUISe Width IOOmS in gen era1. Level refers to the OUtPUt IaUnCh PreSS butt on, the receiver OUtPUt COrreSP Onding OUtPUt IeVeI 、z,effective transmit to IOOSen t

16、he receiver IeVeI ZZdiSaPPearS ThiS effective pulse and effective, may be Of high IeVeI is low, and may also depe nd On the OUtPUt COrreSP Onding static state, SUCh as feet for low, Static high for effective, AS for the Static, low high effective In most cases, ZZhighZZ for effective Since the IOCkZ

17、Z refers to IaUnCh the OUtPUt Of each time you PreSS the butt on, a receiver OUtPUt COrreSPOnding change, namely OriginalIy a State for high IeVeI into a IOW level, OriginalIy for IOW IeVeI into high IeVe1. The OUtPUt POWer SWitCh and mute as COntrOI etc SOmetimeS also CalIed the OUtPUt form for ZZi

18、nV ertThe in terlock refers to multiple OUtPUtS each OUtput, at the Same time OnIy One OUtPUt The TV SetS Of this CaSe is SeIeCtedr the Other is Iike the Iight and SOUnd in PUt speed, etc,zData refers to IaUnCh the OUtPUt SOme key, USe a few OUtPUt form a bi nary nu mber, to represe ntdiffere nt key

19、strokeNormally, the receiver except a few data output, but also a valid OUtPUt data， SO the timely to COlIeCt data ThiS OUtPUt form With SingIe-ChiP microcompUter Or are COnI monIy USed in terface In additi On to the above OUtPUt form OUtside, StilI have a latch and ZZtemPOraryZZ two forms The So- C

20、alIed latch refers to IaUnCh the OUtPUt SignaI Of each hair, the receiver OUtPUt COrreSPOnding , new StOre UntiI you receive SignaIS zzTemporaryzz OUtPUt and the introductionof level OUtPUt is SimiIarRemOte dista nce (RemOte COrI trol effect Of RF RemOte COn trol dista nce) are the major factorsasfo

21、llows:1. 1 aun Ched in POWer tran SnliSSi Orl POWer: WhiIe dista nee, but great POWer COnSUmP ti on, easy to gen erate nt erf ere nee 2. and receiving the receiver SenSitiVity， receiving, remote distanee in CreaSed Serl SitiVity to improve, but easy to CaUSe disturba nee maloperati On Or abuse3. ant

22、enna, USing Iinear antenna, and parallel, remote distanee, but OCCUPieS a Iarge space, in USe the antennaspin, PUlI Can in CreaSe the remote dista nee4. and the higher height: antenna, remote farther, but by ObjeCtiVe eon diti OnS5. a nd stop: CUrre nt USe Of WireIeSS remote USe Of UHF band StiPUIat

23、ed by theState, the PrOPagation CharaCteristics Of approximate Iinear transmission, light, small, transmitters and receivers diffraction between SUCh as WalIS are block ing WilI greatly disco Un ted remote dista nee, if is rein forced eon Crete walls, due to theabsorpti on effect eon ductor, radiowa

24、vesCOn Sideri ng the desig n Of hardware VOIUme SmalI to be embedded in the remote control, SO We ChOSe 20 foot SingIe-ChiP ChiP AT89C2051. BeIOW is the introduction Of the function.(1) AT89C2051 irrternal StrUCtUre and PerfOrmaneeAT89C2051 is a byte flash 2K With PrOgranlmabIe read-only memory Can

25、be erased EEPROM (IOW VOltage, high PerfOrmanee Of eight CMOS IniCrOCOmPUter It adopts ATMEL Of high-density non-volatile StOrage tech no IOgy manu facturi ng and in dustrial Sta ndard MCS 一 51 in Structio n Set and Iead ThrOUgh the COmb in ati On Of Sin gle ChiP In gen eral CPLI and flash memory, i

26、s a Strong ATMEL AT89C2051 microcomputer, its application in many embedded COntrOI PrOVideS a highly flexible and IOW COSt SOIUtiOnS The COmPatibIe With 8051 AT89C2051 is CHMOS IniCrO controller, the FIaSh memory CaPaCity for 2KB And CHMOS 80C51 process, have two kinds Of IeiSUre and POWer SaVing OP

27、eration InOde The PerfOrmanee is as follows5. CUP, 2KB FIaSh memory,WOrki ng VOItage range 2. 7-6V, 128KB data StOrageThe StatiC WOrki ng Way: 0-24MHz,15 root inpUt/output IineA PrOgranimabIe serial, 2 a 16bit timing/COUnterS.There is a SIiCe Of in Side PreCiSiO nsimulatio n COmParator, 5thei nterru

28、pt sources,2 PriOrity.PrOgranimabIe SeriaI UART channel, DireCtly LED driver output,The internal Strueture Of AT89C2051 is ShOWn in figure 1.FigUre 1 AT89C2051 in terior StrUCtUre(2) AT89C2051 ChiP Pin andfunctionIn Order to adapt to the requirement Of intelligent inst:TUnIent, embedded in the ChiP

29、foot AT89C2051 SimPIified COnfigUration, as ShOWn in figure b The major Cha nges to: (1) the Iead foot from 20 to 40 wires, (2) in CreaSed a SimUIated COmParatOr=Diagramb AT89C2051 foot figure.AT89C2051 Pin fun CtiO n:1. the VCC: voltage.1. to GND.1 PI mouth: PI mouth is an 8bit two-way I/O POrt Pl.

30、 2 Pl. 7 mouth Pin the internal resista nee PrOVideS Pl. O and Pl. 1 requireme nts on the exter nal PUlI-UP resistors Pl. O and Pl. 1 also SeParateIy as PieCe in Side PreCiSi On SimUIati On COmParatOr With in PUt (AlNO) and reversed-phasei nput (AIN 1). OUtPUt buffer CarI absorb the PI mouth 20mA CU

31、rrent and Can directly LED display driver Whe n PI mouth PirI into aCarI makeits in put. Whe n the Pin Pl. 2 Pl. 7 as in PUt and exter nal dow n, they WilI be for the internal resista nee and flow CUrre nt (IIL) I n flash PI mouth duri ng the PrOCedUre and PrOgranl COde datareceiving CaIibratiOn.2 P

32、3: the P3. O P3. 5 P3, P3. 7 is the In ternal resista nce With SeVen tWOWay I / O Iead P3. 6 for fixed in PUtS PieCe in Side the COmParatOr OUtPUt Sig nal and it as a gen eral I/O foot and in accessible P3 mouth buffer Can absorb 20InA CUrre nt. When P3 mouth Pin in tothey are the InternaI resista n

33、ee Can PUSh and in put. AS in put, and theIOW exter nal P3 mouth Pin PUlI-UP resistors and WilI USe CUrre nt (IIL) OUtfIOW P3 mouth StilI USed to impIeme nt the VariOUS fun etio ns, SUCh as AT89C2051 ShOW n in table P3 mouth StilI receive SOme for flash memory PrOgranIming and CaIibration Of PrOgram

34、 COn trol Sig nals5. RST: reset in put. RST once, all into high IeVeI I/O foot WilI reset to When the OSCilIatOr is running, COntinUOUS gives RST Pin two machine CyCIe Of high IeVeI Can finish reset EaCh machine CyCIe to 12 OSCilIatOr Or CIOCk CyCIe6. XTALI: as the OSCilIatOr amplifier in PUt and in

35、v erse irrternal CIOCk gen eratori nput.7. XTAL2: as the OSCilIator reversed-phase the amplifier S OUtPUtP3 mouth function as isshown in table 1TabIe 1P3 mouth PinFUrl Cti OnP3. ORXD(SeriaI in PUt)P3. 1TXD(SeriaI OUtPUt POrt)P3. 2INTO(EXternaI interruption O)P3. 3INTI(EXternaI interruption 1)P3. 4TO

36、(The timer O exter nal in PUt)P3. 5TI (The timer 1 exter nal i nput)(3) the SOftWare and hardware COnStraintsAT89C2051DUe to the foot Of the ChiP AT89C2051, no Set IimitS Of external StOrage in terface, so, for exter nal memory read/write in StrUCtiO ns as MOVX etcDUe to 2KB ROM, so, the SPaCe to ju

37、mp inst:TUCtiOn ShOUld Pay attention to the destination address range (transfer OOOH - 7FFH), beyond the range Of addresses, WilI not meet WrOng results The SCOPe Of data StOrage is OOH (7FH -Whe n StaCk man ipulatio n), alsoshould be no ticed.The in PUt Sig nal is SimUIated by the Origi nal P3. 6 f

38、oot IntO the IniCrOCOntrOIler, SOthe OriginaI P3. 6 foot.Un able to exter nal USe SimUIati On COmParatOr Can COmPare two SimUIation, if the SiZe Of the Voltage external A D/A COnVerter and its OUtPUt as A COmParatOr an alog in put, and by SimUIat ing the COmParator ano ther in PUt VOItage to be meas

39、ured, through the introduction Of the SOftWare method Can realize the A/D COn VerSi on.8. the FIaSh memory AT89C2051)PrOVide a 2KB Of Si nglechip AT89C2051 in FIaSh memory chips, WhiCh allows theOnline PrOgranI to modify Or USe SPeCiaI PrOgranlnling PrOgrain ming(1) FIaSh memory en CryPti OnAT89C205

40、1 SCM has 2 encryption, Can PrOgranInling (P) Or PrOgramnIing (U) to Obtain different encryption functionality EnCryPtiOn functionality table asshown in table 1一1 TabIel-ILBILB2En CryPti on fun CtiO nalityUUNO en CryPti On function alityPUPrOhibit to flash to PrOgram IningPPPrOhibit to flash toPrOgr

41、amnling. AISO banned PrOgranlEn CryPt a COnten terased OnIy through ChiPS to eraseoperatio n.(2) FIaSh memory PrOgranI ming and PrOCedUreS the PieCe in Side ChiP AT89C2051 FIaSh memory PrOgranI IningNOte:1. the COU nters RESET at an EPROM in Side the risi ng edge, and OOOHRESET to XTALI by foot is e

42、xecuted, pulse COUnt2. PieCeSOf IOmS to erasePROG PUISe3. duri ng the PrOgranlnli ng P3. 1 PUlIed IOW RDY/BSY in Struetio ns. (3)AT89C2051 SCM in FIaSh memory ChiPS PrOgranl ming StePS are as follows:1. in the SeqUe nee is the VCC GND pin, add WOrki ng VoItage, XTALI Pin RESET, receiving GND pin, Ot

43、her than the abovetime, Waiting for IOmS2. In P3. 2 Pin RESET, heighte ning level.3. In P3. 3, P3. 4, P3. 5, P3. 7 Pinjadd model multilevel.4. Pl. O Pl. 7 for the OOOH Un itadd data bytes.5. RESET to increasethe 12V activation PrOgranIming6. P3. 2 jump to a One byte PrOgranllning Or encrypt ion.7. C

44、aIibratiOn has been programming, data from 12V to RESET IOgiC IeVeI H and SetP3. 3 P3. 7 一一 for the COrreCt level, and CarI OUtPUt data in PI mouth.8. Fo:T the n ext addresses) in the Unit XTALI byte PrOgranI ming, a pulse, make address COUnter add 1, in InOUth add PrOgranIming data9. PrOgramnIing a

45、nd Calibration CirCUit figure c, d. Figure C PrOgramnIing CirCUit FigUre d CaIibration CirCUit EXPIanation:(1) P3. 1 during PrOgranlming instructionsto below RDY/BSY,(2) SingIe erasingthe PROG IOmS need,(3) internal EEPROM address COUn ter On the rising edge RESET, and OOOH RESET to XTALI by foot PU

46、ISeS are executed.AIOng With the rapid developme nt Of SCie nee and tech no logy, huma n SOCiety has Un derg One earthshak ing Cha nges Make OUr Iife more COIOrful. I n these Cha nges, the remote COntrOI tech no IOgy has bee n WideIy PermeatesTV, aerospace, military, SPOrts and Other PrOdUCt ion, al

47、l aspects Of life. FrOnl the broad sense, all equipped With electric IOCOmotive facility Or electrical switches, if feel SOme n ecessary, Can COn Sider to improve existi ng With remote COntrOI device, the OPeratiOn fixed SWitCh to realize the remote OPeration Of the OriginaI equipment, stop, the var

48、iable, etc FUnCtion.SWitch, for example, Can be USed to COntrOI the electrie COntrOI SWitCh the Iight SWitch, We design the infrared remote COntrol SyStem to realize the OPPOnent SWitCh quantity COntrO1. Infrared remote CharaCteriStiC is not in flue nce the SUrrO Unding en Vir Onment and does not in

49、 terfere With Other elec trie equipmen t DUe to its CannOt Penetrate walls, SO the room Can USe COm mon household applia nce Of remote COn trol WithOUt mutual in terfere nce, CirCUit testi ng is simple, as IOng as give n CirCUit COnn ecti on, gen erally does not need anyCOnlmiSSiOning Can work, DeCO

50、ding easily, Can Undertake multiple remote Con trol.还要1. 5 ym之I可的 发射和接收两 上是一只特殊 因而在其两端 前大量使用的 普通5发光出 深蓝、透明红 管一样：用的 红外发光二反 下只能用拉业红外遥控橙、黄、人的眼睛能看到的可见光按波长从长到短排列，依次为红、 绿、青、蓝、紫。其中红光的波长范围为0.620.76u;紫光的波长范 围为0.380. 46o比紫光的波长还要短的光叫紫外线，比红光的波 长 长的光叫红外线。红外线遥控技术就是利用波长为0.76- 近红外线来 传送控制信号的。常用的红外遥控系统一般分 个部 分。发射部分的主

51、要元件为红外发光二极管。它实际的发光二 极管，由于其内部材料不同于普通发光二极管，施加一定电压 时，它便发出的是红外线而不是可见光。目红外发光二 极管发 的红外线波长为94Onnl左右，外形与 极管相同，只是颜色不同。 外发光二极管一般有黑色、种颜色。判断红外发光二极管好坏 办法与判断普通二极用表电阻挡量一下红外发光二极管的正、 向电阻即可。管的发光效 率要用专门的仪器才能精确测定，而 余条件法来粗略判定。接收部分的红外接收管是一种光敏二极管在实际应用中要给红外接收二极管加反向偏压，它才能正常 工作，亦即红 外接收二极管在电路中应用时是反向运用，这样才能获得较高的灵敏度。红外 接收二极管一般有

52、圆形和方形两种。由于红外发光二极管的发射功率都 较 小，所以红外接收二极管接收到的信号比较 微弱，因此 就要增加高增益放大电 路。前些年常用卩PC1373H CX20106A等红外接收专用放大电路。最近 几年不论是 业 余制作还是正式产品，大多都采用成品红外接 收头。成品红外接收头的封 装大致有两种：一种采用铁皮屏蔽；一种是塑料封装。均有三只引脚，即电源 正、电源负和数据输出（VO或OUT。红外接收 头的引脚排列因型号不同而不尽相 同，可参考厂家的使用说明。成品红外接头的优点是不需要复杂的调试和外壳屏蔽，使用外壳屏 蔽，使用起 来如同一只三 极管，非常方便。但在使用时注 意成品红外接 收头的载

53、波频率。红外遥控常用的载波频率为38kHz,这是由发射端所使用的455kHz陶振来决定的。在发射端要对晶振进行整数分频系数一般取12,所455kHz- 1237. 9kHz38kHz。也有一些遥控系统采用36kHz 40kHz 56kHz等，一般由发射端晶振的振荡频率來 决泄。红外遥控的特点是不影响周边环境、不干扰其它电器设备。由于其无法穿透墙壁，故不同房间的家用电器可使用通用的遥控器而不会产生相互干 扰；电路调试简单，只要按给定电路连接无误，一般 不需任何调 试即可投入 工作；编解码容易，可进行多路遥控。由于各生产厂家生产了大量红外遥 控 专用集成电路，需要时按图索骥即可。因此，现在红外遥控

54、在家用电器、室内 近距离（小于10米）遥控中得到了广泛的应用。多路控制的红外遥控系统多路控制的红外发 射部分一般有许多按键，代 表不同的控制功能。当发射端按下某一按键时，相应地在 接收端有不同的输 出状态。接收端的输出状态大致对分为脉冲、电平、自锁、互锁、数据五种 形 式。“脉冲”输出是当按发射端按键时，接收端对应输出端输出一个“有 效 脉冲”，宽度一般在IOOinS左右。“电平”输出是指发射端按下键时，接收端对应输出端输出“有效电平”，发射端松开键时，接收端“有效电平” 消失。此处的“有效脉冲”和“有效电平”，可能是高、也可能是低，取决于相应输出脚的静态状况，如静态时为低，则“高”为有效；如

55、静态时为 高，则“低”为有效。大多数情况下“高”为有效。“自锁”输出是指发射端 每按一次某一个键，接收端对应输出端改变一次状态，即原来为高电平变为 低电平，原来为低电平变为高电平。此种 输出适合用作电源开 关、静音控制 等。有时亦称这种输出形式为“反相” o “互锁”输出是指多个输出互相清 除，在同一时间内只有一个输出有效。电视机的选台就属 此种情况，其它如调 光、调速、音响的输入选择 等。“数据”输出是指把一些发射键编上号码，利用接收端的几个输出形成一 个二进制数，来代表不同的按键输入。一般情况下，接收端除了几位数据输出外，还应有一位“数据有效”输出 端，以便后级适时地来取数据。这种输出形式

56、一般用于 与单片机或 微 机接 口。除以上输出形式外，还有“锁存”和“暂存”两种形式。所 谓“锁存”输出是指对发射端每次发的信号，接收端对应输出予以“储存”， 直至收到新的信号为止；“暂存”输出与上述介绍的“电平”输出类似。影响遥控器遥 控距禺(RemOte distance Of RF RemOte COntrOI )的因素主要有如 下几点：1、发射功率：发 射功率大则距离远，但耗电大，容易产生干扰；2、接收灵敏度：接收器的接收灵敏度提高，遥控距离增大，但 容易受干 扰造成误动或失控；3、天线：采用直 线型天线，并且相互平行，遥控距离远，但占据空间 大，在使用中把天线拉长、拉直可增加遥控距离

57、；4、高度：天线越高，遥控距离越远，但受客观条件限制；5、阻挡：目前使用的无线遥控器使用国家规定的UHF频段，其传播 特性 和光近似，直线传播，绕射较小，发射器和接收器之间如有墙壁阻挡将大大打 折遥控距离，如果是钢筋混泥土的墙壁，由于导 体对电波的吸收作用，影响更 甚。考虑到本次设计的硬件体积应偏小以便嵌入遥控器中，因此 我们选 择了 20 个引脚的单片机芯片AT89C2051下面即介绍此芯片的功能。(I)AT89C2051的内部结构及性能AT89C2051是一带有2K字节闪速可编程可 擦除只读存储体(EEPROM)的低电压， 高性能8位CMO微型计算机。它采用ATMEL勺高密非易失存 储技 术制造并和工业 标准MC 51指令集和引脚 结构兼容。通过在单块 芯片上 组合通用的CPLl和闪 速存储器,ATMEL AT89C2051是一强劲的微 型计算 机，它对许多嵌入式控制应用提供 一高度灵活和成本 低的解决办法。AT89C2051是与8051兼容的CHMO微控制器，其FIaSh存储器容量为2KB与CHMo丄艺的80C51样，具有空闲和掉电两种节电运行方式。其性能如下：8 位 CUP2KB的FhSh存器；工作电压范围2. 7 6V;128KB的数据存储器；全静态工作方式：024MHZ15根输入/输出线；一个可编程串行口；