2016新课标创新人教英语选修六Unit3Section

1、.FastreadingWhat is the main idea of the passage?It introduces the basic knowledge about AIDS/HIV and how it is spread. It also tells us how to stay safe by means of correcting some wrong statements towards AIDS/HIV.CarefulreadingChoose the best answer according to the passage.1You can get HIV throu

2、gh .Ahaving meals with the patients with AIDSBkissing someone with AIDSCinjecting drugs using the same needleDtouching someone infected with HIV2We can infer from the passage that .AHIV is the same as AIDSBHIV is different from AIDSCHIV weakens a person's immune systemDyou can have HIV in your b

3、lood for quite a long time3In order to stay safe, you .Ashould not use the needle someone else has usedBhave to avoid using anything else that the person has used while injecting drugsCshould use a condom if you have sex with another oneDall of the above4The passage tells us about .Asome common unde

4、rstanding about HIV/AIDSBwhat HIV/AIDS is and the way of transmittingCways to protect ourselvesDthe definition of HIV/AIDS5The passage is a(n) .AadvertisementBstoryCposter Dnews report答案：15CBDBC.单词拼写1People are at risk of disease when they share needles (针头)2I was the first to ask him awkward (尴尬的)

5、questions but there'll be harder ones to come.3To be honest, I have a(n) prejudice (偏见) against modern poetry.4His only chance of survival (幸存) was a heart transplant.5In my judgement (判断), we should make an apology to them.6He looked embarrassed (尴尬的) when I asked him where he'd been.拓展词汇1i

6、llegal adj.不合法的；违法的legal(反义) adj.合法的2judgement n看法；判决；判断judge v判决3embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrass vt.使局促不安embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的embarrassment n尴尬，窘迫4male adj.男性的；雄性的n.男人；雄性动(植)物female(反义) adj.女性的；雌性的 n女人；雌性的动(植)物5survival n幸存；幸存者survive vi.幸存；活下来巧记单词联想记单词不了解情况，就提前(pre)作出判断(judge)，肯定有“偏见”prejudice

7、 n偏见构词法记单词1.judge (判决) ment (名词后缀)judgement n看法；判决；判断2il(否定前缀)legal(合法的)illegal adj.不合法的；违法的.补全短语1in spite of不顾；不管2take risks/a risk 冒险3get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)4at risk 处境危险；遭受危险5out of breath 上气不接下气6make up one's mind 下定决心1教材原句Doing exercises every day can not only make your muscles stronger but als

8、o help you relax.每天做运动不仅能强壮你的肌肉，还能帮助你得到放松。句型点拨not only . but also . “不仅而且”。佳句赏析就我个人而言，户外运动不仅能使我们接近大自然，而且能让我们从沉重的学习任务中摆脱出来得以休闲。As far as I'm concerned, not only does outdoor exercise get us close to nature but also give relaxation from heavy schoolwork.2教材原句Do not share anything else that a perso

9、n has used while injecting drugs.在注射药物时，不得共用患者所用的其他东西。句型点拨状语从句的省略。佳句赏析读书的时候心静如水难道不是一件乐事吗？Isn't it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while reading? 3.教材原句It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。句型点拨强调句型：it is/was被强调部分that/who

10、句子其他成分。佳句赏析约翰的成功与运气无关。是多年的努力工作使他成为今天这样子的。John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today.课 文 对 译HIV/AIDS: ARE YOU AT RISK?HIV is a virus. A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. There are many different viruses, for e

11、xample, the flu virus or the SARS virus. HIV weakens a person's immune system; that is, the part of the body that fights disease. You can have HIV in your blood for a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease. This stage of th

12、e illness is called AIDS. If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid that the body makes during sex. For a person to become infected, blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus, has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injectio

13、n. One day scientists will find a cure for HIV/AIDS. Until that happens, you need to protect yourself. Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe.If you inject drugs：·do not share your needle with anyone else. Blood from another person can stay on or in the needle. If a person h

14、as HIV and you use the same needle, you could inject the virus into your own blood.·do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs. Blood could have spilt on it.If you have sex with a male or a female：·use a condom. This will prevent sexual fluid passing from one p

15、erson to another.The following statements are NOT true.·A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex. WRONG. If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become infected.·You can tell by looking at someone whether or not they have HIV. WRONG. Many people carrying HIV look

16、 perfectly healthy. It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.·Only homosexuals get AIDS. WRONG. Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus. Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.·If you hu

17、g, touch or kiss someone with AIDS or visit them in their home, you will get HIV/AIDS. WRONG. You can only get the disease from blood or sexual fluid. Unfortunately, people with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice. Many people are afraid that they will get HIV/AIDS from those infec

18、ted with HIV/AIDS. For the same reason, some AIDS patients cannot find anyone to look after them when they are sick.·You can get HIV/AIDS from mosquitoes. WRONG. There is no evidence of this.,HIV病毒/艾滋病：你是否面临危险？HIV是一种病毒(人体免疫缺损病毒)。病毒是引发疾病的微生物。它有许多种类，如流感病毒和SARS病毒。HIV病毒损害人体的免疫系统，也就是说使人体抗衡疾病的免疫功能减弱。

19、在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免役系统严重受损，以致使你的身体不再能抗衡疾病。这种疾病到了这个阶段就叫艾滋病。如果你得上了艾滋病，生存的几率很小。HIV是通过血液或性交时产生的体液而传播的。携带病毒的血液或体液必须通过皮肤上的创口或通过注射才能进入人体，使人受感染。将来总有一天，科学家会找到医治HIV病毒和艾滋病的疗法的。在找到之前，你必须保护你自己。你可以按这里列举的一些注意事项去做，以确保自己的安全：假如你要注射药物：·不要同别人共用注射针。别人的血液可能会留在针头内外。如果某人有HIV病毒，而你又用了同一个注射针，你就有可能把别人的病毒注入到你的血液中

20、来。·在注射药物时，不得共用患者所用的其他东西，因为血液可能会溅到这些物品上来。假如你同男人或女人性交：·要使用避孕套。它可以防止性交时产生的体液的传入。下列这些说法都是错误的：·初次性交的人不可能染上HIV病毒。错了。如果性交的某一方有了HIV病毒，另一方就有可能传染上。·通过观察你可以看出某人是否带有HIV病毒。错了。许多HIV病毒携带者看上去十分健康。只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。·只有同性恋者才得艾滋病。错了。任何人如果同感染了HIV病毒的人性交，他们就有染上这种病毒的危险。女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。

21、3;如果你同艾滋病患者拥抱、接触或亲吻，或者去他们家做客，你就会从他们那里感染上HIV病毒或得艾滋病。错了。你只可能通过血液或性交时的体液染上这种病。不幸的是，由于偏见，HIV病毒携带者有时会失去他们的朋友。许多人担心他们会从病毒携带者那儿染上HIV病毒，感染上艾滋病。由于相同的理由，有些艾滋病患者在生病时找不到任何人来照顾他们。·蚊子可以传染HIV病毒和艾滋病。错了，目前还没有证据证明这一点。1In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.

22、(P20)尽管他很努力还是失败了，他伤心地想哭。in spite of不顾；不管 (1)in spite of与despite同义，常可换用。in spite of为普通用语， despite多用于书面语言，despite不与of连用。in spite of/despite the fact that . (同位语从句)(2)regardless of 不管，不顾(3)although, though, as作“虽然，尽管”讲时，是连词，引导让步状语从句。although引导让步状语从句不倒装；though引导让步状语从句可以使用倒装；也可不用；as引导让步状语从句必须倒装。In spite

23、of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks friendly to people greeting him.尽管不断被冤枉，他看上去对跟他打招呼的人依然友好。In spite of/Despite the fact that (Although/Though) doctors have warned that smoking does harm to health，people still keep on smoking.尽管医生已经警告说吸烟有害健康，人们还是继续吸烟。Bad as/though the weather was, we stuck to

24、our plan of swimming.尽管天气恶劣，我们仍然坚持按计划游泳。2He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. (P20)他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。take risks/a risk冒险(1)take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at risk 有风险at the risk of . 冒着风险(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事Whatever

25、 you do, don't take unnecessary risks.无论你做什么，都不要冒不必要的风险。If you go online tomorrow, your computer might run the risk of being attacked by a virus.你如果明天上网，你的电脑可能面临被病毒攻击的危险。He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.他对面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一

26、次好机会的危险。3Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place! (P20)当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯！get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)get into/form the habit of 养成的习惯get into trouble 陷入麻烦/困境get across (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把)讲清楚get along 进展；相处get down to 认真工作get over 爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈get

27、through 穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历Innocent people get into trouble on account of others' misfortune.城门失火，殃及池鱼。How can I get it across to him how important this is?我怎么做才能让他理解这件事的重要性？A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。4Do not

28、 share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs. (P22)注射药物时，不得共用患者所用的其他东西。while injecting drugs是一个省略句，补全后为while you are injecting drugs。省略句的条件(1)when, while, though, even if, unless, if, as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it(2)状语从句谓语中含有be动词省略句的形式省略从句中的主语和be动词In class, we'd better tr

29、y hard to follow our teacher as much as possible while (we are) taking notes.上课记笔记时，我们最好紧跟着老师(讲课)的步骤。“The prize money is too little to afford even half of a living room in Beijing，” Tu Youyou told the journalist jokingly when asked how to spend the prize money.当被问及如何花这笔奖金时，屠呦呦开玩笑地告诉记者，“奖金少，不够在北京买半个客

30、厅”。 Unless necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary.除非有必要，否则你最好不要查词典。助记状语从句中的省略记忆口诀： 省略句，真容易，主从主语须统一；从句若有it be，可用省略不怀疑；主动“连词ing”，被动“连词ed”。5Before you read this text, what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS? (P23)在阅读这篇课文之前，你对感染艾滋病病毒的人有什么看法？judgement n看法；判断；判决(1)in one&#

31、39;s judgement在某人看来pass judgement on 作出裁决make a judgement on/about . 对作出判断(2)judge n. 法官；裁判员vt.&vi. 判决；判断；断定judge .from/by . 根据来判断judge sb./sth.to be . 判断某人/事是judging by/from . 根据来判断He passed judgement on the guilty man.他对那个罪犯作出了裁决。In my judgement, we should accept their apology.依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。

32、He agreed to make a judgement about the movie.他同意对这部电影作出评价。According to what he said, we can judge him to be an optimistic boy.根据他所说的话，我们可以判断他是一个乐观的男孩。Judging by/from the response of the audience, the performance was quite a success.从观众的反应看来，这次演出相当成功。点津judging from/by 常看作是固定短语，在句子中一般作状语，即独立成分，judgin

33、g不能换成judged。6Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward. (P24)然后她递给我一支烟，我感到非常尴尬与不安。embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的(1) be/feel embarrassedabout/at sth.对感到难为情to do sth. 对做感到难为情(2)embarrassing adj.令人为难的embarrass vt. 使局促不安；使尴尬；使困惑embarrassment n. 困惑； 尴尬to one's embarrassment 使某人

34、尴尬的是I felt embarrassed about how untidy the house was.这房子太不整洁了，我对此感到很难为情。He was very embarrassed to hear (hear) people speak so highly of him.他听见别人这样夸他，感到很难为情。When the same happens to us, it takes us a long time to get out of the embarrassment.当同样的情境在自己身上出现时，我们往往好长时间不能从尴尬中走出来。.单句语法填空1It was an embar

35、rassing (embarrass) situation, but Mr.Smith carried it off well.2Hopes are fading for the survival (survive) of the missing climbers.3What I tell my students is to ask more questions rather than be satisfied with a quick judgement (judge)4Students like the fact that teachers are willing to take a ri

36、sk, even if the lesson is a failure, and try something new in it.5We learned in our physics classes that everything expands if heated (heat)6Listening (listen) to the songs of Song Zuying is a pleasant thing for me.7He has got into the habit of smoking.8By criticizing her boss, she risked losing (lo

37、se) her position.9In spite of all my efforts I failed to pass (pass) the job interview.10A cure for AIDS hasn't been found yet.11It's only when I failed that I found I was lazy.12So much homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.13Though many of the heavy smokers have rea

38、lized the serious effect that smoking has on their health, they continue to smoke instead of quitting (quit)14It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.15Thank you for reminding me of that.句型转换1The war broke out, and many innocent people were in danger of losing thei

39、r lives.The war broke out, and many innocent people were at the risk of losing their lives.2Despite many difficulties, he managed to get through the experiment.In spite of many difficulties, he managed to get through the experiment.3Her son has fallen into the bad habit of surfing the Internet.Her s

40、on has got into the bad habit of surfing the Internet.4After graduation, they decided to go and settle in the countryside.After graduation, they made up their minds to go and settle in the countryside.一句多译1他不能冒险失去这一次好机会。He could not take a risk/risks to lose the good chance.(risk n)He could not take

41、/run the risk of losing the good chance.(risk n)He could not risk losing the good chance.(risk v)2尽管他腿部受了伤，但他还是设法爬上了楼。In spite of/Despite his wounded leg, he managed to get up the stairs.(简单句)Although/Though/In spite of the fact that his leg was wounded, he managed to get up the stairs.(复合句)Wounded

42、as/though his leg was, he managed to get up the stairs.(倒装句)对应学生课下能力提升(十一).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1I seldom agree with my manager's words.In order to succeed here, you should overcome your prejudice (偏见) against your manager.2It's illegal (违法的) to carry guns in our country.3At a formal party I usually

43、 feel very awkward (局促不安的) and out of place.4More females (女性) than males are employed in the factory.5The man got infected (感染) with AIDS.6Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement (judge)7It is shameful of you to make your teacher embarrassed (embarrass) in front of so many students

44、 on purpose.8It is necessary we master some basic skills, which will greatly increase our chances of survival. Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive)9Don't feel ashamed (shame) of yourself. Be sure that something good will come

45、along some day.10We should take our safety seriously (serious).选词填空in spite of, take risks, get into, at risk, out of breath, make up one's mind 1.How did you find your Christmas holiday?In spite of the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.2I ran all the way to the theater and wa

46、s out of breath.3I have many facts to think about before I make up my mind.4One can't be successful in business unless he is willing to take risks.5The boy has got into the habit of washing his hands before meals.6The disease is spreading and all young children are at risk.完成句子1While (you're

47、) crossing the street (过马路时), please be careful.2I can't come to her wedding unless (I'm) invited (除非被邀请)3It is likely that (有可能) he will turn up at the meeting.4Nowadays many young girls are embarrassed about (对感到难为情) their weight.5Not only has he been to (他不仅去过) Canada, but also he knows s

48、ome Canadians.完形填空There was a boy that dreamt of becoming the world's best violinist. To achieve his life goal, he traveled to a faraway land where the famous and best violinist of all time 1 .The apartment he was directed to was in an old, lonely place. There was no evidence of life at all. The

49、 young man was 2 and turned to leave. 3 he heard someone coughing from within.The famous violinist was very old and 4 . He refused to teach the young boy, who also refused to 5 . The boy played his violin in the yard, and this he did for three nights 6 the old man could not bear it any more. He came

50、 out on the fourth night and began to 7 the boy. Under his instruction, the 8 student's musical skills rapidly improved.Years passed by. Now the old man asked the boy to 9 an important competition. It was the biggest violin competition in the world. The young man was among hundreds of 10 from al

51、l over the world. The 11 lasted for days. On the day he played, everyone was deeply 12 . First, the boy was so young, but no violin player could have played 13 . Second, the boy was focused on one 14 and never looked elsewhere till he finished. Third, tears came down his focused eyes but his 15 was

52、not drawn away from the music.He was 16 the winner!Only the boy knew the 17 for his success in the competition. 18 learning from the best violinist the world ever knew, his teacher had come in person that day to 19 him. The old man stood in the dark where he wasn't 20 to anyone around. The old v

53、iolinist died few days later.语篇解读：本文是记叙文，讲述了一个男孩是如何成为世界上最好的小提琴家的故事。文章散发着浓浓的师生之情。1A.performedBlivedCtoured Dlay解析：选B根据下文男孩的拜师经历可知，他想成为世界上最好的小提琴家。为了实现这个人生目标，他来到一个遥远的地方，那里住着最有名、最好的小提琴家。2A.bored BdisappointedCexcited Dsatisfied解析：选B根据上文的“The apartment he was directed to was in an old, lonely place. Ther

54、e was no evidence of life at all”可知，男孩不远千里拜师学艺，结果发现所到之处破旧、荒凉，毫无生机。结合下文的“turned to leave”可知，男孩应该很“失望(disappointed)”，准备转身离开。3A.Still BAlsoCThus DThen解析：选D男孩正准备离开，就在这时从里面传来了咳嗽声。4A.weak BpoliteCkind Dstrict解析：选A根据“The famous violinist was very old”以及文末的“The old violinist died few days later”可知，这位知名小提琴家年

55、老体衰。5A.leave BtalkClearn Dplay解析：选A起初老人不愿教男孩。根据下文男孩坚持不懈，最后拜师成功可知，男孩拒绝离开。6A.so BunlessCif Dtill解析：选D老人起初不愿教男孩，于是男孩便在院子里拉起了琴，这样坚持了三个晚上，“直到(till)”老人无法忍受。7A.punish BpersuadeCbeg Dcoach解析：选D根据“He came out on the fourth night”以及“Under his instruction”，再结合最后一段中老人亲自到比赛现场为男孩加油的事实可知，最后老人同意教男孩拉小提琴。8A.slow BgiftedCmodest Dquiet解析：选B根据“musical skills rapidly improved”以及下文中男孩非凡的表现可知，男孩“很有天赋(gifted)”。9A.take part in Blook forward toCstay away from Daaae up with解析：选A根据男孩参赛的经历可知，几年后，老人让男孩参加一场重要的比赛。10A.judges BstudentsCaaapetitors