八年级英语下册第九单元知识点

1、Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum句型透视1. Have you ever been to a science museum?（ P65）你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？-Yes , I have. 是的，去过。【解析1】ever曾经（用于现在完成时。ever用于疑问句、否定句）-Have you ever seen the film?-No, never.（现在完成时二：表示曾经的经历或从未有过的经历或做过某事，常用 ever 和 never , 多用于疑问句或否定句中）【解析 2】have/has been to / have / has gone to /

2、 have/ has been in辨析： have/ has been to + 地名”曾经去过某地“，现在已经回到原地。He has been to England twice .他曾经去过英国两次。（现在已经不在英国了 ）Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?你到过长城吗？（现在已经不在长城上） have gone to + 地名 ”已经去某地了“， 说话时该人不在现场。He has gone to England 。他已去英国了。（已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上）（ ）Mary isn ' t here. She has t

3、he shop.A. been toB. went toC. gone toD. /【2013 江苏中考 1 A number of tourists Yangzhou many times because it issuch a beautiful city.A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to have been in + 地点待在某地，常与时间段搭配。I have been in Shanghai for three years.2. Me neither我也没有。（P65） （neither have

4、 I. /I haven't, either.）【解析1】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下： 主语 + neitherA.否定句中的"也" neither + 助动词/be + 主语完整的否定句后加 either，但要加逗号隔开。一He didn ' t go to school. 他没有去上学。 Me neither.Neither did II didn ' t go to school , either.主语+ tooB.肯定句中的"也"so + 助动词/be+主语完整的肯定句后加too ,且要用逗号隔开。-He is a

5、 good student.Me too.So am II'm a good student, too.【2012 山东枣庄】一 Peter has never been to a water park. .A. I haven ' t neither B. I haven ' t too C. Me too D. Me neither【解析 2】neither 的用法：1) neither adj.后接单数名词，表示“两者都不”，作主语时，句子的谓语要用单数。eg: Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。2) neither pron. 与

6、of 连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Neither of us has been toBeijing.3) neither adv.用于倒装句中。Me neither.= Neither do I.4) neither conj. 常与 nor 构成短语 neither.nor.”既不也不”, 连接两个并列成分，当它连接两个主语时，取就近原则。eg: Neither my parents nor I am a teacher.3. Let ' s go to one tomorrow.( P65)咱们明天去一个看看吧！【解析 1】 Let ' s 中的 us 包括对方，表示揣

7、对方提建议。反意疑问句用shall weLet ' s go and listen to the music,? Let us 不包括对方，具有请求允许的意味。反意疑问句用 will youLet us go home.? Let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 (sb.应用人称代词的宾格形式)【解析】 one,that,it one 意为 “一个人或物” ，代替前面提到过的人或同类事物中的一个。one 代替单数，复数用onesThat boy is my brother.Which one?The one on a bike.that 与所指名词同类，但不是同一个；可上文提到的事

8、情，也可代替不可数名词。The population of China is much larger than that of America.it用于指代前面提到过的名词，即同名同物。Do you like the game?Yes, I like it.巧,己one,that,it 的区另U： 同名同物 it 替，可不可数两相宜；同类事物用 one(s),单用 one来复用 ones; that 同类物相异，不可数也可以。4. Let ' s go somewhere different today. (P65)咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词，放在不定代

9、词之后。【注】somewhere adv. 在某处，在某地。表达地点时，前面不用介词。常 用于肯定句中。否定句或疑问句注 anywhere.He just lives somewhere in the city.他就住在这个城市的某个地方。【2012 江苏连云港 2】一Have you bought for Linda ' s birthday?-Not exactly. Just some flowers,A. something unusualB. anything unusualC. unusual somethingD. unusual anything【2013 绥化 3】

10、How do you like the talk show? I think it ' s, but some people think it ' s so A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boringC. wonderful enough; boring【拓展】 不定副词：somewhere , anywhere, nowheresomewhere在某处无论何处在什么地方都不各处，到处用在目7E句中用在否无句或疑问句中否定词，=not anywhere=here and thereanywhere nowhere

11、 everywhere【用法】：不定副词被定语修饰时，定语必须放在其后somewhere warm暖和的地方() I don ' t want to go.A. somewhere cold B. cold somewhereC. anywhere cold D. cold anywhere() 一Do you have your summer plan, Bill?一 Well, I want to go to relax with my family.A. interesting somewhere B. nowhere interesting C. somewhere inter

12、esting 【2012 凉山 3】Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily?It ' s hot here. I ' d like to go.A. Anywhere cool B.cool somewhere C.somewhere cool5. They are going to take the subway. 他们打算乘地铁。【解析】 take (took , taken) v 乘， 坐， 搭 (车， 船)take the/a +交通工具 +to + 地点 ”乘坐" (放于句中 )动词短语在句中做谓语take

13、the subway 乘地铁 take the train 乘火车 take the bus乘公共汽车 take the taxi 打的()My mother usually the train to work.A. by B. goes C. rides D. takes6. It ' s really interesting, isn' t 让？(P66)它确实很有趣，是吗？【反意疑问句】一、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。二、结构： 陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ It ' s hot today ,isn ' tit ?三、原则：

14、1.前肯后否，前否后肯2 .3 .时态一致They work hard, don ' t they?注：1)当前面的陈述句中有否定词few, little,never,no, nobody, hardly,seldom等词时，疑问部分应用肯定形式。He can hardly swim, can he?2)以let's 开头的反意疑问句，反意疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的反意疑问部分用will youLet's go and play football, shall we?Let us have a rest, will you?四、做题方法(一)找动词

15、(1)如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。He is a student ,?(2)如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。She often get up at 6:30 every morning,?(二)判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”The students have planted many trees,?(三)反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。The boy can ' t swim,?【2013 温州 1】 一It ' s Father ' s Day,

16、 ?Yes. Let ' s buy a gift for Dad.A. isn ' t itB. doesn ' t itC. isn ' t he D. doesn ' the【2013 永州 1 Your school is very beautiful,?A.isn ' t it B.is it C.is your school【2013 益阳 3】Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning,?. He got up too late.A. had she; YesB. hadn ' t

17、he; Yes C. did he; No7. I learned about the inventions that led to color movies, too.(P66)我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。【解析 1】 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，that led to color movies是一个由 that 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词inventions. That在定语从句中作主语不能省。解析 2 invent v. 发明inventor n. 发明家f invention n. 发明【t己】 Edison , a great,over 1' 000 al

18、l hislife.(invent).I think the light bulb is one of the most important(invent).The car(invent) in 1885.invent发明指事物从无到有（客观上没有）discover发现强调事物本身存在，只不过从“未知”到“已知”（客观上以前存在）Gibert electricity, but Edison the electric light bulb.吉尔贝特发现了电，而爱迪生发明了电灯泡。() Bell the telephone in 1876.() Columbus America in 1492.A

19、. invent B. discover C. invented D. discovered【2012 昭通】The light bulb is one of the most useful(invent) in the world.【2013 江苏盐城】 What do you think is the greatest (invent) of the twentieth century?【2012 山东】 After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang the records again.A. brokeB. achievedC. invent

20、edD. completed【模拟 1 】I think the telephone was invented in 1876.A. created B. found C. seen D. used解析2 lead 一led led v 引导，引诱fleader n 领导人【谚语】All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马【拓展】lead to sth 导致lead sb. to sw引导某人去某地lead sb. to do sth 弓I导某人干某事8.We put up a tent and cooked outside. (P66)我们搭起帐篷，在户外做饭。【解析】pu

21、t up搭起；举起；张贴【短语】：put away 把收起来 put on 穿上 put up张贴，put out 熄灭 put into 把放进 put down 放下【2013 湖北孝感 4】 your sunglasses, Sally. The sun is so bright.1. Put down B. Put up C. Put away D. Put on9. They have information about different computers and who invented them.( P67)那里有各式各样的计算机的信息以及是谁发明了它们。【解析】inform

22、ation n. 信息；资料【辨析】information/message/ newsinformation 指电视、电脑或其它杂志等获得的信息，为不可数名词；a piece of information一条信息You can get much information on the Internet.message "消息、口信、电报”指书面、口头、无线电等传来的信息，为可数名词；I ' ll leave a message for her. 我将为她留个 口信。.news “新闻，消息”，指通过报纸、电台、电视等新闻媒介报道的最新消息，为不可数 名1司。a piece of

23、 news贝新闻【谚语】 No news is good news没有消息就是好消息Is there any good news today?【2013 湖北孝感】一What can you give me on learning English?-I think you could join an English clubA advice B news C messages D information【2013 甘肃 Just search the internet, you can get almost all the you need.A. informations B. informa

24、tion C. picture D. story【2013 四川凉山 2】一Where is Thomas?He left a.A. information B. message C. news【2013 上海】The students didn ' t find much about the topic on that website.A. report B. articleC. informationD. Story10. It ' s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!（P67）

25、真是难以置信，科技发展的竟然如此迅速。【解析 1】unbelievable adj. 难以置信的；不真实的（反） believe【记】 believe +able = believable 可信的un + believable =unbelievable难以置信的That story is unbelievable.本句是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，it在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。It's unbelievable that令人难以置信的是【解析 2】progress vi. 进步；进展n.（不可数n）make （much/great）progress 取得（很

26、大的）进步 make progress in 在 方面 取得进步I have made much progress in English.【2012 湖北黄冈 3 Why is Harvey ' s mother so happy?-Because only three students,his son Harvey.A. failed the exam ;besides B. made progress; exceptC. made progress; including D. passed the exam; without【解析 3】rapid adj.迅速的；快速的 =quic

27、k /fastHe has made rapid progress in his studies.rapid强调反应“敏捷”等She made a rapid decision.quick强调时间“短“There will be a quick visit.fast强调速度“快”I can run fast .【解析4】suchadj.such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数such+adj+可数名词复数/ /、可数名词soadv.so+adj./adv.so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数so +many/much/few/little(少)+n.He is such a great wr

28、iter. =He is so great a writer.11. I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future. (67)我想知道未来的电脑还能做多少事情。【解析】 wonder v. 想要知道 =want to know 后接从句，也可接“疑问词+不定式”I wonder who she is.I wonder what to do next. n. 惊奇； 奇观 the seven wonders of the world【记】 I wondered how on earth this wonder

29、was built. 他想知道这个奇观究竟是怎么样建成的。【2013 湖北武汉 4】 Is Kate serious?I. She neve r means it.A. suppose B. agree C. believe D. wonder【2013 齐齐哈尔 2】一I wonder when you in NewYork.I willsend an e-mail to you as soon as I there.A. arrive; will get B. will arrive; get C. will arrive; will get12. I ' ve recently

30、been to a very unusual museumin India , the International Museum ofToilets. (P67)我最近去了印度的一个不同寻常的博物馆一一国际厕所博物馆。【解析 1】recently adv. 不久前； 最近。在句 中可放句首，句中或句尾。【解析 2】unusual adj.特另1J的； 不同寻常的 (反)usual adj. 通常的； 平常的 as usual像往常一样an unusual experience不同寻常的经历usually. adv. 通常。位于 be 动词，助动词，情态动词之后，实义动词之前。【2013 湖北十

31、堰 2】26. This is a useful dictionary, I think.So it is, and it' s unusual one.A . theB. anC. aD.不填【拓展】un + adj.unhappy unfortunate uneasy unluckyunable unfriendly unimportant13. I just couldn ' t believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there.(P67)当我在那看到如此多不同的厕所的时候，我简直不敢相

32、信我的眼睛。【解析】 couldn' t believe my eyes.无法相信我的眼睛(表示惊讶)14. It also encourage governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.(P67)(博物馆)它还鼓励政府和社会团体来想办法来改善未来厕所。【解析 1】 encourage sb. to do sth鼓励某人做某事encourage sb. in sth在某方面鼓励某人The teacher ofeten encourages us to speak

33、English more.【2013 辽宁鞍山 3】Jessica ' s parents always encourage her out her opinions.A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak【解析2】social adj. 社会的一 society n. 社会 一socialist社会主意者social problem社会问题15. It ' s a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. (P67)它是湖附近一个令人放松和宁静的地方。【解析】 peaceful ad

34、j. 和平的，安宁的【拓展】 peace n. 和平 peaceful adj. 和平的 f peacefully adv. 和平地【拓展记忆】beauty n. 美丽 beautiful adj. 美丽的help n. 帮助 fhelpful adj. 有帮助的use n. 用途 useful adj. 有用的thank n. 感谢 thankful adj. That night was so(peace) All the people who love hope that the world is forever, without wars.(peace)【2012 内蒙古包头】It i

35、s our hope that we can live in a world and saygoodbye to wars for ever.A. similar B. peaceful C. familiar D. Natural16. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea withbeautiful tea sets.(P67)茶艺表演展示了如何用精美的茶具沏一杯完美的茶。【解析 1】perform v. 表演；演出 performance n. 演出； 表演(可数)performer n.演出者；演员

36、musical performance音乐演奏【解析】 perfect adj.完美的反义词为 imperfect.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧( )She speaks English than I .A. Perfect B. Perfectly C.more perfect D.more perfectly.【解析2】how to make a perfect cup of tea 是"疑问词+to do ”作show的宾语。此 结构在句中可作主语，宾语，表语等成分。I really can't decide where to go.=I re

37、ally can't decide where to go.注意：“疑问词+to do ”作宾语时，相当于宾语从句。当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相 同时，可以与此结构互换。17. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself.(P67)看他们用漂亮的茶具来准备茶就像喝茶本身一样让人享受。【解析 1】tea sets 茶具关于“茶”你知多少？A. Tea sets 茶具 the tea art 茶艺 the tea art performance茶艺表演B. Green tea 绿

38、茶 black tea 红茶 milk tea 奶茶 0010ng tea 乌龙茶C. make tea 泡茶 serve tea to 给 敬茶【解析 2】itself它自己反身代词(此处作宾语 the tea 的同位语，起强调宾语的作用)(1)反身代词的构成一、二人称的反身代词构成：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 构成单数myselfyourself复数ourselvesyourselves第三人称的反身代词构成：第三人称宾格+self/selves单数：himselfherselfitself复数：themselves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=hav

39、e fun =have a good time玩得高兴by oneself =alone独自teach oneself=learn by oneself自学help oneself to随便吃introduce oneself to自我介绍hurt oneself伤到自己improve oneself提高自己look after oneself照顾自己leave sb by oneself把某人单独留下lose oneself in沉迷于say to oneself自言自语for oneself为了某人自己dress oneself给某人自己穿衣服(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【20

40、13 黑龙江哈尔滨】No matter how difficult things seem to be, you should sayto "Never mind!” A positive attitude is the key to success.D. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves【2013 山东潍坊】The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in is very important.A. themselves B. itself C. ourselvesD. yours

41、elves【2013 浙江温州】 I' ll have a tennis game tomorrow. I ' m a little bit nervous.Believe in . You' re the best in our club.A. herself B. myselfC. yourselfD. himself【2013 上海】My old neighbor Charles felt after his children moved out.A. lonelyB. safelyC. angrilyD. Happily18. I'v finally r

42、ealized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and collecting tea sets.(P67)我终于明白了我祖父为什么喜欢喝茶，并且喜欢收集茶具。【解析1】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。特殊疑问词why引导的句子为宾语从句。当宾语从句为疑问句时，要用陈述语序。【解析2】collect vt. 收集一 collection n. 收藏；收藏品 一 collector n. 收藏家 collect stamps /coins收集由B票 / 硬币 have a collection of books收藏书【记】 He is a famous and

43、 he has a lot of (collect). Tom has been stamps since he was in Grade Three . He is a great. Now he has a great of stamps.(collect).() you stamps since you were six?A. Did; collect B. Do; collect C. Have; collect D. Have ; been collecting19. Well , I ' ve already(be) there a couple of times, but

44、 I' m happy(goAgain.(P68) 嗯，我已经去过那里几次了，但我很高兴再去一次。 【解析】a couple of 少数；几个；一对；一双a couple of times 若干次a couple of通常指同类事物中的任意两个或几个，不一定是成对的使用a pair of“一双（对、副.）,通常指成对使用的的东四。如一双鞋等There are a couple of beds in the room.This pair of shoes is a bit small for me.20. There are some special German paintings t

45、here right now. ( P68)现在那里正有一些特别的德国画。【解析 1】Germanadj.德国的； 德国人的； 德语的German n.德国人(pl) GermansGerman德语(不)国家国籍形容词居民语百中国中国的中国人汉语ChinaChineseChineseChinese英国英国的英国人英语EnglandEnglishEnglishmanEnglish日本日本的日本人日语JapanJapaneseJapaneseJapanese加拿大加拿大的加拿大人英语/法语CanadaCanadianCanadianEnglish/French美国(America )美国的美国人英

46、语The United StatesAmericanAmericanEnglish澳大利亚澳大利亚的澳大利亚人英语AustraliaAustralianAustralianEnglish【解析 2】right now现在 =at the moment可用于一般现在时或现在进行时They are listening to the concert right now.立刻：马上I ' ll do it right now.【2012 湖北黄冈 1】一Jim, is your brother in ?No, he is reading in the library at the moment

47、.A. right now B. at times C. right now D. at once21.1. You can also see (see) the Disney characters walking around the park. (P68)你也能看到一些迪士尼人物在公园里四处走动。【解析】 walk around 四处走动around 作介词/副词，常与下列动词搭配使用。go around 四处走动； 100k around 环顾； 参观travel around至U处旅游show sb around sp.带领某人参观某地22.And have you ever hear

48、d (hear) of a Disney Cruise?( P68)你听说过迪士尼油轮吗？【解析】 hear of 听说【拓展】listen to/hear(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的 "过程"(2)hear 听，侧重听的"结果"()He but could nothing.A .heard ; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heardhear sb. do sth听见某人做某事I often hear him sing in the room.hear sb. doing sth听见

49、某人正在做某事I hear him singing in the room()When the little boy someone coming upstairs, he stopped.A. heard; to cry B .listened; crying C. heard; crying D .listened; to cryhear of/about 听说hear from =receive a letter from sb.收至 U某人的来信I' m sorry to hearthat. 听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)() How often do yo

50、u your sister?A . hear B. hear of C. hear from D .hear about() 一 Mike hurt his arm the day before yesterday. Now he ' s in hospital.A. I ' m sorry to hear that B. That ' s all right.C.I hope you ' ll feel better soon.【2012 四川广元 1】一Have you " Zhang Lili " ?Yes, she is the mo

51、st beautiful woman teacher in China.A. heard of B. heard from C. heard out23. You can take (take) a ride on the boat for several days and eat and sleep on it.(P68)你可以乘船好几天，吃饭和睡觉都在上面。【解析】take a ride 兜风take ( took , taken ) v (vt)(1) . 拿，带；吃，喝，吸入；坐，搭(2) . 做某些动作，需要【拓展】1. take away 拿走 2. take care (=be

52、careful=look out)3. take (good) care of ( 好好)照顾，照料 4. take down 取下来5. take out 拿出 6. take off 脱下； 飞机(等起飞)7. take one's time另1J着急，慢慢来 8. take one's temperature 量体温8. take a walk 散步，9. take a rest休息一下,10. take a look 看一看24. been to another province in China?( P68)去过中国的其他省份吗？【解析】another此处用作形容词“

53、另一；又一；别的；另外的”，后常接单数名词或代词。也可用作代词，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个。Weneed another chair. 我们需要另一把椅子0another+ 数词+复数名词=数词+more+复数名词意为“再有几个；还有几个I need another two books.= I need two more books.我还需要两本书。another泛指三者或二者以上中的任何一个，后常接单数名词；也可用作代词the other表示两者中的另一个,是特指；常用结构“one.the other.”；其后可接数词或复数名词“其他的”other只作定语，常与复数名词连用，相当于othe

54、rsothers用作代词，泛指其他的人或物，常用结构“some.others.”the others特指在一个整体中的其他的人或物，相当于the others+ 复数名词Section B-self Check1. How long in China?在中国多久了。【解析】how long【拓展】 how far 问路程 多远 how 01d问年龄 多少岁how 10ng 问时间 多久， 多长 how often 问频率 多久一次how much 问价格 多少 how many + n 复数 多少 【2012 曲靖中考】一 Do you know that T-shirt is ?-Very

55、cheap. It ' s only 45 yuan.A. how many B. how often C. how much D. how far2. For thousands of tourists from China , this small island in Southeast Asia is awonderful and safe place to take a holiday.对于成千上万的中国游客来说,这个东南亚的小岛成了美妙又安全的度假胜地。【解析 1】thousands of数以千记的； 许许多多的hundred n百 hundreds of数以百的thousa

56、nd n 千 thousands of成千上万的million n百万 millions of成百万的【注】：(1)当 million前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式(2)当million 后与of连用时用复数形式，millions of是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词【口诀】：具体的不加 s 也不加of ,不具体的加 s也加of(million) of people go to look for jobs in big cities every day.()of students help homeless people through the Red Cross.A. Thousand B. Thousands C. A thousand D. Hundred and thousand()【四川广元】一 Guang' an is a beautiful city, isn' t it?Yes, There are about two v