八年级下册第五单元单词和短语

1、八年级下册第五单元单词和短语Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame（重点学习过去进行时）There is no wind today.It is a windy day.1.windwindnUwind风adj.windy舌1J风的- 考：Thereistoomuchwindtoday.- 考：WhatstheweatherliketodayItiswindy.-考:系+adj.Thecandlewasblownoutbythewind.the+n/adj.最高2.lightadj.lightheavy轻的alightrain/snow重的aheav

2、yrain/snowadj.lightdark浅色的Ilikelightblue.深色的Idontlikedarkblue.nClight火turnonthelightturnoffthelightnUlight光Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Vlight点燃light-lighted-lightedlight-lit-litHelitthefiretokeepwarm.nflashlightYoushouldtakeaflashlightbecauseiisdarkatnight.nlightning闪电Thetreewasstruckbylightning.主wa

3、sV3- 考：Itsverydark.Thereisnolighthere.no+名词- 考：WhilewearewalkingonadarknighU,weoftenuseflashlights汗电筒）- 考：Ican'treadwhileyouareinmylight（光线）my+名- 考：Thesungivesusheatandligh恍）双宾人物（n）andn- 考：Ican'treadwhileyouareinmylight（光线）.3.area'ernCarea地方area-areas句Weshouldraisemoneyforthechildreninpo

4、orareas._- 考：Weshouldtryourbesttohelppeopleintheruralareas.触区)4.suddensdn突然nsuddenallofasudden突然地adj.suddenHissuddenappearancesurprisedme.adj.nadvsuddenlySuddenly,hesawamannearthestop.adv,兀整句子- 考：Suddenly,hewasoutofmysight.- 考：Theboy(suddenly)felldownfromthebike.主V2(fall-fell-fallen)- 考：Thecarsudden

5、ly(sudden)stoppedinfrontofme.主V2- 考：Suddenly(sudden),thethiefrushedoutofthestoreandtriedtorunaway.- 考：Hecriedoutallofasudden突然地)Vadv- 考：Hewasshockedbythesudden(sudden)accident.adj.n- 考：ThemandroveawayallofasuddenVadv- 考：Thecarsuddenly(sudden)stoppedinfrontofme.主V2- 考：Suddenly(sudden),thethiefrushedo

6、utofthestoreandtriedtorunaway.5.rainstormrenst:mnCrainstorm暴风雨rainstorm-rainstorms句Therewasaterriblerainstorm.-考：Theradiosaythattherewillbeaheavyrainstormtomorrow.6.go白勺相关短语goon继续goondoing继续做=keepondoing-goout出去gooutofthebuildinggooverlookover过遍仔细检查Youshouldgooveryourpapers.11gostraight直走gostraighta

7、long/downtheroadgoawaygoby走开Goaway.Doritbothermegooff1走过2时间流逝1离去2铃发出声AcarwentbyatfullspeedTimegoesby/HowtimefliesShegotangryandwentoff.Hedidn'twakeupevengo badgo through4东西变坏 5机器停止电灯熄掉 变坏通过（内部）thoughthealarmwentoff3事情进展Themeetingwentoffvery顺利/不顺wellThemilkhasgoneoff.Thelightswentoffat10andcameon

8、againat6:00.Themeatwentbad.Canthetablegothroughthedoorgoacross通过（上方）Youcangoacrosstheroad.goafter追赶Hehadlefthiswalletonthetable,soIwentafterhim.goahead（口语）请说/做MayIaskyouaquestionGoahead.goaroundI四处走走Letsgoaroundthetown.-考：Myphoneisbroken.It_justnow.A. cameout出版/发行/开花/发芽B. wentoffgooff铃发声机器停止电灯熄灭C. t

9、ookoff脱/飞机起飞D. setoff出发/激起(setoffapanic)-考：WhydidyoumisstheEnglishclassBecausemyalarmclockdidnt_.A. gooff铃发声机器停止电灯熄灭B. putoff(doing)推迟/推延C. takeoff脱/飞机起飞D. falloff掉下=falldown-考：(2013安徽蒙城期末)Whenthedoorbell_Iwaslisteningtomusic.A. wentoffB. wentout出去C. brokedown坏了D. setoff出发/激起-考：(2011山东青岛)Mycaralarmi

10、salways_whenevermyneighborscatgoesundermycar.A.goingoffB.goingoutC.breakingdownD.settingoff-考：Myalarmclock_atsixinthemorning.ThenIgetupandrunforhalfanhour.A. setsoffB. goesoffC. runsoff迅速逃跑D. takesoff-考：Astime,youwillrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.A. goesbyB. runsout用光/用完/耗尽C. takesoffD. turn

11、sdown关小/拒绝=refuseturndownmyinvitation=refusemyinvitation-考：Myalarmdidnt_.SoIwokeuplate.A. put offC. take offB. go offD. get off7.when/while当,时when|常搭配一般过去时、也可进行时主从句的动作可以不是同时发生while常搭配进行时、主系表主从句的动作同时相伴发生当前后都是进行时时，只能用while-考：（2013荷泽）难题thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.A.whenB.ifC

12、.whileD.once主从句的动作同时相伴发生-考：（2013福建泉州一中期中）YesterdayeveningIwasplayingthepiano【thedoorbellrang.A.whenB.beforeC.while-考：Shewasstandinginfrontofthelibrarywhileitwasraining.当前后都是进行时时，只能用while连接-考：（2012重庆西南大学附中期中）Thegirlwasflyingakite【_herfathercameback.】A.whenB.whileC.untilD.after-考：（2012四川绵阳）_IwasintheU

13、S,ImadealotofAmericanfriends.A. WhileB. Although虽然C. Unless=ifnot如果不D. Until直到-考：（2013福建泉州一中期中）YesterdayeveningIwasplayingthepiano【_thedoorbellrang.】A.whenB.beforeC.while-考：（2014福建泉州期末联考）Iwasdoingmyhomework_myfatherwasreadingnewspaper.A.howB.whileC.if8.reportr'p:tV report 报道report报告5个据Itissaidth

14、atItisreportedthat【】Itisbelievedthat【】Itisknownthat【】ItisannouncedthatTheweatherreportw川begin.I am,so I want to be a rHemadeareportontheproblem.- 考：Iwanttobeareporterinthefuture.- 考：Lisadreamsofbeingareporter.- 考：Itwasreportedthattherewasgoingtobeafootballmatch.- 考：WhatdoyouthinkofthisfootballmatchI

15、venoidea.ButisbelievedthattheSpanishteamwillwin.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.itThescientistsagree【isverydifficultforrobotstotalklikehumans.-考：Itsreported(report)thatanewzoowillbebuiltinourcity.-考：Lisadreamsofbeingareporter(report).9.alarm'lamnalarm报警alarm(clock)闹钟句Hisalarmclockdidn1gooffthismorning.-考：I

16、gotuplatethismorningbecausemyalarmwasbrokenanditdidn'twakemeup.-考：HewaslatebecausethealarmdidntA.gooffB.gooutC.singD.beat-考：Myalarmdoesn'twork.Whocanhelpmetorepairit10.strangestrend奇怪的adj.strangeIhaveastrangefeeling.adj.nCnstrangerIamnewhere.Iamastranger.advstrangelyI不可思议地/奇妙地-考：Don'ttal

17、kwithstrangersontheInternet.Theymaybebadmen.-考：IsthereinTodaysnewspaperA. somethingstrangeB. anythingstrangeC. strangesomethingD. strangeanything-考：Strangely,Idon'tknowthemanwhospoketomejustnow.-考：Don'ttalkwithstrangers(strange)ontheInternet.Theymaybebadmen.11.sleepVsleep-slept-sleptBequiet!

18、Heissleeping.adj.asleep睡着的fallasleep入睡fall-fell-fallenadj.sleepy困的feelsleepy觉得困feel-felt-felt-考：Hefeltsleepy(sleep).觉得+困Hefell(sleep).入+睡(asleep)-考：(2013鄂州)Mygrandmotheroftenfallsasleep(睡着)whenshewatchesTV.入+睡(asleep)-考：Thegirlbegantodreamwhenshefellasleep(sleep).fall-fell-fallen入+睡(asleep)-考：Theywe

19、resotiredthattheyasleepsoon.A.droppedB.dropC.fellD.fall- 考：Hefeltsleepy(sleep)sohefellasleep(sleep)quickly.Dontwakehimup.- 考：Hedidn'tsleepwell,soheisverysleepy(sleep)now.- 考：Ididn'tsleepwelllastnight.SoIfeltverysleepy.- 考：Ididn'tsleepwelllastnight,soIfeltthismorning.A.awakeB.sleepyC.slee

20、plessD.asleep- 考：Thegirlbegantodreamwhenshefellasleep（sleep）12.makesureVmakesure确保/查明makesurethat从句】句Beforeyouleavetheroom,makesureyouclos（thedoor.- 考：Youshouldcheckyoupapercarefullytomakesurethatyoumakenomistakes.- 考：Therearemanybooksintheroom.Makesureyoulockthedoorbeforeyouleave.- 考：（2013山东青岛中考）Th

21、erearen'tmanyticketsleftfortheconcert.Youdbetterthatyougetonetoday.A.makesureofB.makeadecisionC.makesureD.makeplans-考：（2012贵州遵义中考）LiMingissocarefulthathealwayslooksoverhisexercisestotherearenomistakesA. makesureB. findout经过调查得知13. hit hit-hit-hit打、击hit C撞、/一举成功C. thinkof思考/考虑Theballhittheboy_onh

22、isnose.Hemadeahit_onme.Themusicisagreathit.ahitsong/hitsongs-考：She-hiihimnntheheadwithabook.14.break违反、破坏Vbreak-broke-broken打破、违反breaktherule违反规定breaktherecord打破记录obeytherule遵守规定followtherule遵守规定nbreak休息Theychatwithmeatbreak.adj.broken坏了的bebrokenJThewindowisbroken.-考：Hebroke（break）hisglasseSwhenhepl

23、ayedfootball.-考：（2013北京东城期末）Thewindowbysomekids【whowereplayingball.A.breaksB.brokeC.isbrokenD.wasbroken-考：Mikebrokethewindowyesterday（改被动）ThewindowwasbrokenbyMikeyesterday.时态：一般过去：语态：被动合并：主was/wereV315. datedetday天Whatdayisittoday问星期date日期Whatdateisittoday问日期|=Whatisthedatetoday- 考：Whenisyourbirthda

24、yCouldyoupleasetellmethedate.- 考：WhatwasthedateyesterdayItwasMay1st.- 考：WhatisthedatetodayIt'sSeptember1（0h.- 考：Pleasetellmetheexactdate（日期）ofyourwedding.（婚礼）- 考：WhatsthedatetodayIt'sSeptember1（0h.- 考：Pleasetellmetheexactdate（日期）oftheweeding.shockshock16. shockk使震惊Thenewswasagreatshocktothem

25、.Iwasshockedbythenews.主was/wereV3一般过去被动 beshockedat/by beshockedtodo beshockedthat:-考：Wewereallshockedthathecouldwinthegame. 考：Iamshocked-to-bear（hear）thatafriendofminehadanaccidentjustnow. 考：Wecouldn'tbelieveit.Wewereallshockedwhenweknewthenews. 考：Wecouldn'tbelieveit.Wewereallshocked(shock)

26、whenweknewthenews.adj. recentadv recently=lately17. recentri:sntli最近的Thisishisrecentnews.adj.nWherehaveyoubeen(recently)- 考：Chinahaschangedalotinrecentyearsadj.n- 考：Ihaven'tseenherrecently.- 考：Whatkindofbooksdoyoureadrecently(recent)- 考：Thisishisrecentsituationadj.n- 考：WhatCDshaveyoulistenedtore

27、cently(recent)- 考：Herfatherhasbeenillrecently(recent)andheisinhospitalnow.inhospital住院inthehospital在医院-考：Greatchangeshavetakenplacerecently(recent).18. towertaunC塔C tower-tower sThetowerofPisaisinItaly.Itsfamousbecauseitleans.-考：WearelookingforwardtovisitingtheEiffelTower.lookforwardtodoing期待side侧面1

28、9. sidesadTherearemanytreesonthe_boihsidesoftheroad.fromonesidetotheothersidesidebysideadv肩并肩walksidebysidebythesideof,在边上都都不之每一个之间2者bothneithereithereach(of)between3者allnoneanyevery（/）among复单单单/-考：Therearemanytreesoneither/eachside（单数）oftheroad（两者）.Therearemanytreesonbothsides（复数）oftheroad（两者）.Ther

29、earemanytreesonsides（复数）ofthelake（三者以上）.A.bothB.allC.eachD.neither-考：Thekidsarewalkingsidebyside（肩并肩）-考：Thereisabankbythesideoftheroad.（在,边上）20.makeoneswayto朝,走去-考：Althoughtherewerelotsoftraffic,westillmadeourwayiothezoo.gooutofoneswaytodo特意/不怕麻烦21.meanmi:nVmean-meant-meantWhatdoesthiswordmean后、周、人&

30、#163;、表小What(doyouthink)thiswordmeans不影响句子意思后面用陈述语序nmeaning意思、意义Whatsthemeaningofthiswordadj.meaningful有意义的meaninglessThisismeaningfulstory.nmeans手段、方式、方法Ihavetakenallpossiblemeansmeansoftransportation父通方式句型meandoing息味着meantodo打算去做-考:What(doyouthink)anxious'A.meanB.meansC.meaningD.meant-考：Coming

31、latemeansamistake.A.tomakeB.madeC.makingD.make-考：Whatsthemeaningofthisword=Whatdoesthiswordmean=What(doyouthink)thiswordmeans-考：（2014湖北宜昌天问学校期中）Ithink【themovieBadgesofFury（pF二神探）isfunny.Idon'tthinkso.Ithinkits.A.fantasticB.wonderfulC.enjoyableD.meaningless22.mistake-mistook-mistaken错误nCmistakema

32、kemistakesin在,犯昔makeamistakeinV,:.bymistake错误地做V:.byaccident偶然间做V:withoutanymistakes毫无错误VmistakeJmistakeAforB错把A当成B-考：Heoftenmakesmistakes-inspelling.-考：Hetookmybag_bymistake.adv（地）- 考：ImistookMr.Liformyfather.- 考：Bemorecareful!Don'tmakeanymistakes（mistake）inyourwriting.- 考：WhenIspeakEnglish,Ial

33、waysmakeDon'tbeafraidofthat.Thatshowwelearn.A. troubleC. influence-考：He did hisB.mistakesD.challengeshomeworkwithoutanymistakes麾无错误地）nC passenger乘客passenger-passenger23 .passenger'psndV pletecompletehappiness in life. nadj.Manypassengersgothurtinthisaccident.behurt=gethurt24 .完全的km

34、9;pli:tWhendidhecomplete/finishitThereisnosuchthingascompleteadvcompletelyItwas(completely)destroyed.兰was/wereV3一般过去被动-考：Ohno!I(completely)forgotyourbirthday.-考：Yourtaskshouldontime.A.completeB.iscompleteC.becompleteD.becompleted被动时态：mv语态：被动合并：mv被动主（时态特点）be变V3三三mvbeV3- 考：【AssoonasIcomplete（完成）mytrai

35、ning,Iamgoingtobeabankseller.- 考：Excuseme,butImustsayyouarecompletely（complete）wrong.25.truthtru:8ntruth实情 Totellyouthetruth,句子=Tobehonest,句子 Tostartwith,句子=Tobeginwith,句子 Tomakethingseasier,句子 Tofindaneasierway,句子ToV原（表目的），句子Toonessurprise,句子adj.true真头的Itistruethat,:主cometrue头现advtruly真头地Iam(truly)

36、movedbythestory.主am/is/areV3般现在被动- 考：Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikechickeneither.=Tobehonest,Idointlikechickeneither.- 考：Itsturethathepassedtheexam.系+adj.- 考：Hisdreamcomesture.- 考：Ifyoudon'ttellmethetruth(true),Iwillbreakupwithyou.the+名/最高级- 考：Shecouldnotgivehimatrue(true)answer.考：Iam.(truly)(

37、true)movedbythestory.主am/is/areV3一般现在被动- 考：Tobehonest,Idontlikemath.=Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikemath.- 考：Iam(什uly)(true)sorrythatthingshadtoendlikethis.- 考：Themanrefusedtotellmethetruth(true).26.silent'salnt寂静adj.silentbesilent=keepsilentHewassilentagainanddidn'tsayawordnsilenceV+insile

38、nceHewentintotheroominsilence.importantimportancedifferentdifference- 考：Hecriedinsilence.- 考：Theydidn'tsayanywords.Theywenthomeinsilence(silent).- 考：Youmuststayinchurchinsilence.- 考：Theteachertoldusapieceofbadnews.Whenweheardof/about听说hearfrom收到某人来信thenews,wewereallsilence.A.forB.inC.withD.by- 考

39、：Theydidn'tsayanything.Everyonewasinsilence.- 考：Couldyoupleasekeepsilent系+adj.- 考：Hewassilent(silence)foramoment,andthenbeganhisanswer.-考：Theydidn'tsayanywords.Theywenthomeinsilence(silent).-考：Theywenttothechurchsilence.A.forB.onC.inD.with27.realize'ri:laz实现三三cometrue三三realize宾Vrealize实现

40、Youcanrealizeyourdreamonlybyworkinghard.意识到I(finally)realizemymistake.nrealization意识、领悟adj.realizable可实现的Thisisarealizabledream.- 考：Peopleshouldrealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.- 考：IrealizedIdidwrong.SoIsaidsorrytomymother.- 考：Ifailedinthefinalexamslasttermandonlythentheimportanceofstu

41、dy.A.IrealizedB.doIrealizeC.didIrealizeD.IhadrealizedOnlythen开头，后面句子倒装（把助动词提前），但仍翻译成陈述语序28.happen-happened-happened1.happentosb.发生在某人身上2.happentodosth碰巧发生某事3.happen把what当主语whathappened=±V2whatishappening*beVing4.happen偶然发生takeplace计划发生都没有被动语态（beV3）-考：lastnightAcarknockedintoatree.A. Whatwashapp

42、enedB. WhathadhappenedC. WhathappenedD. WhatwashappeningE. ：Mr.Wangtoldthepolice【thenightbefore.A.whatthecaraccidenthappenedB.wheredidthecaraccidenthapperi【C.whenthecaraccidenthadhappened】【D.howthecaraccidenthadhappened】- 考：Hehadanaccidentyesterday.=Anaccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.- 考：Hehadanaccide

43、ntyesterday.=Anaccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.- 考：Whathappened_(介词)you- 考【Ifweallgetthere】,what_(happen)从现主将- 考：Something_【iftheyhavethepartytomorrow】.A.happensB.ishappenedC.willhappenD.willbehappened-考：Ihappen_theanswertoyourquestionA.knowB.toknowC.knowingD.thatknow-考：Astrangethinghappened_herlastn

44、ight,sosheisafraidtostayathomealonetonight.A.atB.forC.withD.to-考：Whathappened_themyesterdayA.toB.withC.ofD.in-考：WhathappenedtheoldmanlastnightHegotlostandcouldn'tfindthewayhome.A.toB.atC.aboutD.of-考：Lilyhadaseriousaccidentyesterday.WhatLerview'intvju:ninterview米访/面试会谈Thepre

45、sidentgaveaninterviewonTVVinterview采访与面谈Hehasinterviewedalotofpeopleforthejob.ninterviewer会见者采访者-V-BaiYansongisafamousinterviewer-考：Iwillhaveantomorrow.-考：Heisafamousi.-考：They保访）peoplefromallwalksoflife.（各行各业）30.pickup捡起Youshouldpickupthepaper.接电话Thephonerangbuthedidn't搭顺风车Canyoumeontheway摘pick(

46、up)You canapples with me.-考：Therulerisontheground.Please.A.pickupitB.pickitupC.pickthemupD.pickupthem- 考：Icalledyouseveraltimes,butyoudidint- 考：Heispsomeapples.- 考：Don'tpflowersinthepark.- 考：Lookatthepicture;thegirlsare(pick)apples.- 考：(2013益阳)Whenhesawawalletontheground,heatonce.A.pickeditupB.g

47、aveitupC.pickedupit-考：Thereisarulerontheground.PleaseA.pickupitB.pickitupC.pickupthemD.pickthemup-考：Icalledyouseveraltimes,butyoudidintA.takeupB.lookupC.pickupD.stayup31. wood wdwood木头The chair is made of wadj.woods树林woodenThey trekked through the w It is w furniture.- 考：Thepaperismadefromw.- 考：This

48、isawchair.- 考：IboughtachairmadeofwIlikemychair.- 考：Itsa木制的）chair.- 考：Thehouseismadeof；（K头）.32.win和beatwinsthwin-won-wonwinanaward嬲wintheprizeinbeatsb/团体/心跳/敲打beat-beat-beatenbeathimbeatClassone-考：Werethereabletotheirteam-考：Wethematchmonthsago.-考：Ihopeyoucan_theotherrunnersandthegoldmedal.A.win,winB.

49、beat,beatC.win,beatD.beat,win-考：Look!Therainisbthewindow.-考：Thereissomeoneatthedoor.A.knockB.knocksC.beatD.beating- 考：Doyouknowtheboywhois（敲打）thedrums- 考：Theman敲打）mycarwindowandaskedforhelp.- 考：（2014江西抚州临川十中期中）Hetheprizetherunningthisyear.A.made,onB.got,aboutC.won,forD.takefor-考：She（得奖）inthehistoryc

50、ompetitionlastterm.-考：Doyouknowtheboywhois（敲打）thedrum33.killkl杀killkiller杀Somepeoplekillanimalsfortheirfur.消磨SheandIkilledanhourgoingshopping.killoneself自杀Shekilledherselflastnight.bekilled/getkilledHeisacold-bloodedk.- 考：Peopleanimalsformeat.- 考：Manyanimalsgotkbecauseoftheirfur.- 考：Dr.MartinLutherK

51、ingonthatday.Everybodyfeltsadforhisdeath.A.killedB.waskillingC.waskilledD.iskilled34.matchmtVmatch搭配Matchthepictureandtheword.nmatch火柴Don'tplaywithmatches.nmatch比赛Thereisafootballmatchhere.-考：（竞赛题）Howdoyoulikethistie=WhatdoyouthinkofItsclearthatitdoesn'tyourshirtverywellA.fitB.matchC.meetD.s

52、uit（fit/suit表示合某人的身合某人的意或合某人的口味）（match表示与,相配、与,搭配得好）-考：Theyuseda火柴）tolightthefire.35. againstgenstprepagainst反对beagainst反befor赞同Mostpeopleareagainstthewar.preplagainst依靠着|Putthechairthere,athewall- 考：Nowmoreandmorepeopleareagainst（waste）foodbecauseoftheCleanPlateCampaign行动）- 考：Iamnotagainsttheplan.何

53、）=Iamtheplan.- 考：Iamagainst（build）azooinourtown.36. wakewekwake-woke-waken醒wakeup/wakesb.upadj. |awake 醒着的The boy is awake.-考：Mymother（usually）（醒来）early.37.死亡VdieThedogdiedtwodaysago均时）vingdyingThedogisdying进行的表将来）adj.deaddyingThemanisdead（犬态）Thedoctorsavedthe_dying|man.ndeathHewassadbecauseofthedea

54、thofdoo.句diedown逐渐消火Thefiredieddownafterawhile.-考：Thewindwilldiedownlateron.38.apartpatadvapart分开/相隔liveapart不住在起句MyparentsandIarelivingapartnow.39.过去'引出的四种时态'过去'引出的四种时态一个过去的动作或时间内另一个动作正在发生的事情(atthattime/atthistimeyesterday/whenhecamein)一个动作过去发生，另一个动作在更早之前发生一个动作过去发生，另一个动作紧接着发生动作过去发生对现在有影响或延续到现在横竖结构横：用主was/wereVing竖：用主V2另一个动作用过去完成：主had V3另一个动作用一般过去