新编大学实用英语教程第一册4单元

1、Unit 4Family and FriendsPART 1 Listening and Speaking PART 2 ReadingPART 3 GrammarPART 4 TranslationPART 5 WritingPART 6 Enjoy Yourself ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to Master the basic language and skills necessary to talk about sports. Master the words an

2、d expressions as well as the useful sentence structures in the two texts and learnunderstand the main idea of the passage. Know the basic sentence structures. Know how to write notices and posters of matches, sports events. Know the translation skill: conversion.Background knowledge略Listening and Sp

3、eaking Supplementary words and expressionsBall gamesvolleyball 排球basketball 篮球football 足球table tennis 乒乓球tennis 网球golf 高尔夫球badminton 羽毛球bowling 保龄球baseball 棒球ice hockey 冰球Track and fi eldrelay race 接力赛跑Listening and Speaking Supplementary words and expressionsong jump 跳远high jump 跳高pole jump 撑杆跳disc

4、us 铁饼shot 射击javelin 标枪Gymnasticrings 吊环double / parallel bars 双杠high and low bars 高低杠free exercise s 自由体操horizontal bar 单杠uneven bars 高低杠pommel horse 鞍马Listening and Speaking Suggestions for teachers:Listening: There are many new words in this unit, so teachers had better pick out these difficult wo

5、rds and tell students their pronunciation and meanings first, and then play the recording more times.Speaking:Teacher can also design some situations for students to make up dialugues.SportsListening PracticeDirections:You will hear two short conversations in this section. Each conversation will be

6、spoken twice. Listen carefully and do the exercises.SportsTask 1 Fill in the blanks with the words you hear in Conversation 1.Kerry: Do you often play basketball ?Mike: Yes. I used to play on my high school team.Kerry: What position do you play?Kerry: I play third base.SportsListening ScriptKerry: D

7、o you often play basketball?Mike: Yes. I used to play on my high school team.Kerry: What position do you play?Kerry: I play third base.SportsTask 2 Listen to Conversation 2 and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1. Mary got to the swimming pool before 5:00. ( T )2. Tom

8、got to the swimming pool an hour later than Mary. ( T )3. Mary goes swimming every other day. ( F )4. Tom goes swimming twice a week. ( F )5. Tom usually swims for 3 hours at a time. ( T )SportsInstructions:You will hear two situational dialogues in this section. Each dialogue will be spoken twice.

9、Listen carefully and do the exercises. SportsTask 1 Listen to Dialogue 1 and answer the following questions.1. What did Tom do last night?He watched a football match.2. Did Mary watch football match last night?No, she didnt.3. What does Mary think of football?She thinks that the football players ten

10、d to be rough.Sports4. What sports match does Mary like to watch?Billiards games.5. Has a Chinese billiards player won a world championship?Yes, Ding Junhui did.SportsListening ScriptTom: What did you do last night? Did you work all night?Mary: Yes, I did some work but I watched a bit of TV too.Tom:

11、 Did you watch the football game? It was a great game.Mary: No, I didnt. I dont like football.Tom: Really?Mary: Yes. I think football players tend to be rough.SportsTom: What do you often see then?Mary: I like to watch billiards games. A Chinese guy won the world championship in Beijing in 2006.Tom:

12、 You mean Ding Junhui?Mary: Thats right.SportsTask 2 Listen to Dialogue 2 and make your choice.1. Where does the conversation most probably take place? AA. In a dormitory. B. At a restaurant. C. At a theater. D. At an airport.2. What program does Dennis roommate want to see on TV? DA. News Report. B

13、. Around China. C. Focus. D. Table tennis fi nal.Sports3. What program will they watch fi rst on TV? BA. Basketball match. B.Table tennis match. C. Football match. D. Volleyball match.4. What time is the football match on ? CA. At two, a.m. B. At two, p.m. C. At one, a.m. D. At one, p.m.5. What does

14、 Dennis prefer to do rather than watch TV? CA. To study. B. To see a fi lm. C. To sleep. D. To read a book.SportsListening ScriptTom: Do you want to watch TV tonight, Dennis?Dennis: Well, theres nothing interesting, but turn it on if you want to.Tom: I want to see the live broadcast of the table ten

15、nis final.Dennis: Oh, I forgot that. Between whom?Tom: Wang Liqin vs Kong Linghui.Dennis: Oh, that would be exciting! Id like to see it, too.SportsTom: It comes on at nine oclock.Dennis: Is there any other interesting program?Tom: Yes, I remember theres a football match on CCTV 5.Dennis: Oh, great!

16、Lets watch it.Tom: Let me see. Hmm. The paper says it starts at one oclock tomorrow morning.Dennis: One oclock tomorrow morning? Then I would prefer to sleep.Oral PracticeDirections:Read loudly and fluently.A: What sport are you interested in?B: I like playing chess most. How about you?A: I spend a

17、lot of time playingbasketball. You know Im a big fan of NBA games.B: I prefer indoor sports. Besides, I like playing chess because I like thinking a lot.A: On the contrary, I like outdoor activities. Who do you often play chess with?B: My father, sometimes my class-mates. Wheredo you play basketball

18、?Oral PracticeA: Dongdan Stadium. There are a lot of goodplayers there. Sometimes you can see foreigners.B: Really? Well, nice talking to you. See younext time.A: See you later.Oral Practice Phrases in the listeningin a way 在某种程度上，稍稍make up 构成，占live broadcast 实况转播Oral PracticeWords in the listeningO

19、ral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Study the situational dialogues carefully and imitate their theme, sentence patterns and styles trying to use the following sentence patterns. Talk about your favorite sports.My favorite sport is I like playing Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Please make

20、up your own dialogues based on the following situations, and you may refer to the sentences in Functional-sentence Bank. Oral PracticeTask 1Directions:You are a basketball fan. You often watch basketball games of NBA and CBA. You often play basketball after class. Make a dialogue with your classmate

21、.Task 2Directions:Work in pairs and talk about your favorite sports stars.Functional-sentence BankQuestions on sports 1. Whats your favorite sport?你最喜欢什么运动?2. Do you often play table tennis?你经常打乒乓球吗?3. What kind of sports do you often do?你经常做什么运动?4. What sports do you like best?你最喜欢什么运动?5. Do you li

22、ke skating/skiing/swimming？你喜欢滑冰/滑雪/游泳吗?Functional-sentence Bank6. Are you interested in volleyball?你对排球感兴趣吗?7. What sports do you go in for?你喜欢什么体育运动?8. Do you often watch the NBA games？你经常看NBA球赛吗?9. Which do you prefer, basketball or football?足球和篮球你更喜欢哪个?Functional-sentence Bank10. Have you ever p

23、layed baseball (football, soccer,basketball, rugby, volleyball)?你有没有打（踢）过棒球(足球、英式足球、篮球、橄榄球、排球)?11. What position do (did) you play?你打哪个位置？12. Whats the most popular sport in your country?你们国家最受欢迎的运动是什么？Functional-sentence Bank Responding to questions on sports1. Im a basketball fan.我是个篮球迷。2. I do jo

24、gging every day.我每天慢跑。3. I used to swim a lot but now Im practicing yoga.我过去经常游泳，但现在练瑜伽。4. Michael Jordan is my hero.迈克尔乔丹是我崇拜的偶像。5. Im a big fan of NBA games.我是个NBA的铁杆球迷。Functional-sentence Bank6. Im crazy about snooker.我酷爱斯诺克台球。7. Im good at ball games.我擅长球类运动。8. I often work out.我经常参加体育锻炼。9. Base

25、ball (football, soccer, basketball,rugby, volleyball) is my favorite sport.棒球（足球、英式足球、篮球、橄榄球、排球是我最喜欢的运动。Functional-sentence Bank10. I used to play on my high school team.高中时我在校队打过。11. I played third base (forward, guard, center).我打三垒（前锋、后卫、中锋）。12. I like high jump (broad jump, pole jump).我喜欢跳高（跳远、撑竿

26、跳）。Functional-sentence BankTalking about sports1. Physical exercises are helpful.体育锻炼是非常有益的。2. I do morning exercises after getting up every morning.我每天早晨起来进行锻炼。3. I belong to the football club.我是足球俱乐部成员。4. I am not an athlete, but I like sports.我不是运动员，但我喜欢体育。Learning Tips英语听力学习方法（二）(Dictation)学习者之间

27、可以互相听写。听写练习是在具有一定英语语法和词汇的基础上进行的一种听力训练。通过手、眼、耳的参与，将听到的东西写出来，检验听的效果、加深对原文的理解、增强记忆力。写的过程同时也是复习、巩固的过程，帮助学习者进一步加深对语言内容的了解，在听的过程中将模糊的东西彻底弄明白。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family CloseBy Taylor RummelSuggestion for teachers:Activity 1-4 is designed to be done in class. As for Activity 5, students are allo

28、wed to get preparation after class. The next time teacher asks a few students to present themselves in front of the class. Teacher just gives students some comments to encourage them to speak instead of correcting their mistakes.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family ClosePre-reading task:discuss the

29、 following questions.1. How can you keep your family close when you are not at home?2. What is the best way for you to connect with your family?3. Can you sum up some advantages of keeping your family close?ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close1. With the success and widespread use of the home

30、 computer, people are simply a mouse click away.The innovation of e-mail and digital photographs has made it possible for families to stay in touch more conveniently; however, is this really enough? While technology has enabled us to talk to people all over the world, in some ways it is hampering us

31、 from intimate contact, especially with our families.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close参考译文：随着家庭计算机的成功并广泛的普及，人们只需轻点鼠标就可互相交流。 电子邮件和数码相机的创新可以使家人之间保持联系更方便。然而，这就够了吗？ 当技术使我们可以与世界各地的人们进行交流时， 在某种程度上，它也妨碍了人们彼此的密切接触，特别是在家庭成员之间。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：The innovation of email a

32、nd digital photographs has made it possible for families to stay intouch more conveniently.to stay是to stay at home的省略形式，made it possible中的it代替不定式to stay做句子的形式宾语，句子的真正宾语是to stay。in touch 的意思是保持联系， 常用的动词搭配是keep in touch。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close 2. Keeping your family close must star

33、t when your children are very young. If you instill in them at an early age the importance of family, chances are that your message will stick when they become adults.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close参考译文：在孩子很小时， 就要开始使整个家庭保持密切的关系。如果你在孩子小时候就向他们灌输家庭的重要性， 当他们长大成人，这种思想就能在他们头脑中根深蒂固。ReadingText

34、A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：If you instill in them at an early age the importance of family, chances are that your message will stick when they become adults.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句中的at an early age是句子的时间状语，the importance of family是句子的宾语， 这种情况是宾语的后置，目的是为了强调时间状语。句子的正常语序为I

35、f you instill in them the importance of family at an early age。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close instill的意思是灌输（思想，感情等）如：He instilled the need for good manners into all his children. 他对他所有的孩子灌输了懂礼貌的思想。chances （可能性）常用复数的形式， 如：Chances are that she has heard the news. 有可能她已经听到这个消息了。Chances (Th

36、e chances) are that we will win easily. 我们很可能会轻易取胜。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close 3. An important way to ensure family closeness is to create special family traditions. While we all know everyone in America eats turkey on Thanksgiving Day, we can add something special to the day. Perhap

37、s set aside this day for the entire family to play games. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Try playing something as simple as bingo, where everyone will get a prizeand here is the real treatmake the prizes “coupons”. For instance, “This coupon is good for one free movie with mom” or “This

38、 coupon is good for one indoor picnic”. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Thanksgiving is traditionally a day for football, so organize a friendly family game of your own. You will be surprised how your children will come to treasure these special family times.ReadingText A How to Keep You

39、r Family Close参考译文：保持家庭紧密关系的重要方法是建立特殊的家庭传统。虽然我们都知道在感恩节那天人人吃火鸡，但还要增加一些其他的活动。也许可以利用这一天全家人一起做游戏， 玩一些像宾果这样的游戏，游戏时每个人都能得到一个奖品；ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close在家人赢牌时， 要有一个真正的奖励， 即一张优惠券。例如： 这张优惠卷可以跟妈妈免费看电影或者是室内聚餐。感恩节是踢足球的传统日子， 组织家庭足球友谊赛。 那时你会惊奇地发现， 你的孩子将逐渐珍惜这些不同寻常的家庭团聚的时光。ReadingText A How to Ke

40、ep Your Family Close句子解析：1. An important way to ensure family closeness is to create special family traditions. ensure在此句中用作动词，表示“保证”， 此词多用于对人的行为做出的保证， 如：This willensure the safety for us. 这将保证我们的安全。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close近义词辨析：insure, assure, guaranteeinsure“给保险，包括对生命，财产的保险”，如：S

41、he insured her car against theft. 她为自己的车保了防盗险。assure“向保证， 使确信”，如：I assure you there is no danger.我向你们保证这里没有危险。guarantee“对提出保证”，ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close如：I. guarantee that the delegation will not come. 我保证代表团不会来了。 2. While we all know everyone eats turkey on Thanksgiving, we can ad

42、d something special to the day. while 此句中是“尽管，虽然”的意思，表示转折。如：While I admit that the problem is diffi cult, I dont think it cannot be solved. 尽管我承认这个问题很难，但我并不认为无法解决。3. Try playing something as simple as Bingo, where everyone will get a prize.try doing“试着做某事”，try to do“尽力做某事”。如：He is trying to fi nd a

43、job in a big company.他正努力在大公司找工作。Dont give up; try doing it in a different way. 不要放弃；试试用不同的方法做。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Bingo，a game of chance in which each player has one or more cards printed with differently numbered squares on which to place markers when the respective numbers

44、 are drawn and announced by a caller. The first player to mark a complete row of numbers is the winner.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close宾果：一种碰运气的游戏，每个牌手有一张或多张印有不同数字的方块牌，当由叫牌人抽到并宣布各自的数字时即在方块牌上记分。第一个记下完整数字列的牌手为赢家。where everyone will get a prize为定语从句，修饰Bingo。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Fam

45、ily Close 4. Of course, as your children grow, marry andhave children of their own, it is not as easy to spend each holiday together. Be fl exible andeither alternate holidays or pick a few specific holidays where the entire family will be together. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family CloseSometim

46、es it sounds like an overwhelming feat, especially if you have a large family, but as I said, children, even when they become adults, need those special occasions and traditions and they will goout of their way to make sure they happen.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close参考译文：当然你的孩子长大成人并有了自己的

47、孩子时，做到每个节日都团聚是不容易的。 你要灵活掌握，选择几个特别的节假日或每隔一个节假日轮着来，让全家老小聚在一起。有时听上去让人觉得是件难事，尤其是当你有一个大家庭时。 但是正如我所说的那样，孩子们长大成人后也需要这些特别的场合和传统，而且会想方设法去促成他们。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：Be fl exible and either alternate holidays orpick a few specifi c holidays where the entire family will be together.alt

48、ernate此句中是“交替,轮流”的意思，如： Mybrother and I alternated to the hospitalto look after my mother. 我和我弟弟轮流去医院照我妈妈。where the entire family will be together为定语从句，修饰holidays。Reading1. widespread wadspred adj. 分布广泛的，传播很广的e.g. Ball games are also widespread. 球类运动是很普及的运动。2.click klk n.& v. 点击e.g. You can do shopp

49、ing online just by a click of themouse. 你点击鼠标就可进行网上购物。3.innovation nven n. 新发明;创新e.g. There have been many recent innovations in printingmethods.最近在印刷技术方面有许多创新。Reading4.digital ddtl adj. 数字的, 数位的e.g. They bought their digital watches respectively. 他俩人各自买了一块电子手表。5.technology teknld n. 技术e.g. The resu

50、lts of this research can be applied to newdevelopments in technology. 这项研究成果能应用于新的技术开发方面。 technological teknldkl adj. 科技的e.g. The development of the steam engine was a greattechnological advance. 蒸汽机的发明是工业技术上的巨大进步。Reading6.hamper hmpr v. 妨碍行动或进展e.g. The rain hampered their outing. 大雨阻碍了他们的郊游。7.insti

51、ll nstl v. 持续地灌输e.g. Our teachers always instill working hard into ourminds. 我们的老师总是想把努力学习的思想灌输到我们的头脑中去。8. stick stk v. 坚持，固守e.g. He forgot to stick a stamp on the envelope. 他忘记在信封上贴邮票了。Reading9.ensure nv. 使确信或肯定, 保证e.g. These documents ensure you the authority youneed.这些文件赋予你需要的特权。10.bingo bg n. 宾戈

52、游戏e.g. Our English teacher often lets us play bingo games in class for relax.英语老师经常让我们在课堂上玩宾果游戏，让我们放松一下。Reading11.coupon kupn n. 礼券; 商家的优待券e.g. Now many stores offer coupons to customers as ameans of promotion. 现在很多商店给顾客发优惠券作为一种促销手段。12.treasure tre v. 珍视，珍藏e.g. She treasures the watch her father gav

53、e to her. 她珍藏着她父亲给她的一块手表。13.flexible fl eksb()l adj. 灵活的，可变通的e.g. They have made a fl exible plan. 他们已经制定了一个灵活的计划。Reading14.alternate ltnet v. （使）轮流，（使）交替e.g. We alternate in doing the housework. 我们轮流做家务15. overwhelming ovwelmadj. 势不可挡的,压倒性的e.g. Our football team has won an overwhelming victory. 我们的

54、足球队取得了压倒性的胜利。overwhelm vwelm v. 控制e.g. The students were overwhelmed with excitement when they heard the news。当学生们听到这个消息时十分激动。depression dpren n.沮丧；萧条e.g. He suffers from acute depression. 他患有严重的抑郁症。16. feat fi t n. 业绩，壮举ReadingUseful expressions1. in some ways在某种程度上e.g. He is, in some ways, a good

55、businessman.在某种程度上，他是一个好商人。2. set aside 存储， 留出e.g. Every week she tried to set aside a few dollars of this salary每周她都从工资里拿出几美元存起来。3. go out of ones way专门做某事，不怕麻烦地做某事e.g. He goes out of his way to help poor children even if he isnt rich.即使他不富有，他也帮助贫困的孩子。4. make sure (certain)有把握， 肯定e.g. We make sure

56、(certain) that she can come today. 我们有把握她今天会来。ReadingActivity 1:Make your choices according to Text A. 1. Which of the following things can keep your family close more conveniently? BA.Express letters. B.E-mails and digital photographs. C.Post cards. D.Letters by air.2. Whats the disadvantage of the

57、 home computer according to the text? AA.It can prevent us from intimate communication. B.It spends much electricity.C.It wastes much time. D.It can damage childrens eyes.3. Which of the following has the same meaning as the expression “go out of their way” in the text? DA.To leave the house. B.To t

58、ravel. C.To go back to. D.To do something specially.ReadingActivity 1:Make your choices according to Text A. 4. Which of the following is mentioned as an important way to keep your family close in the text? DA.To have turkey with your family. B.To travel with your family.C.To go to the movies with y

59、our family. D.To create special family traditions.5. How can you teach your children to keep family close according to the text? CA.You buy many things your children like. B.You bring them to the supermarket.C.You instill this idea into your children at an early age. D.You let them be independent.Re

60、adingActivity 2 Sum up the meaning of each paragraph using one sentence. Model : Para. 1: Computer has advantages and disadvantages in keeping family close.Now you try:Para. 2: How to keep your family close when your children are very young.Para. 3: Making examples to explain how to keep your family