大学英语5(综合教程)第三单元TextA（课堂PPT）

1、Unit 3 Text AThe Truth about Lying contents1 1 General Introduction 2 2 About the Author 3 3 Text Analysis 4 4 New Words and Phrases 5 5 Text Understanding Part 11 1 Introduction 美国著名作家欧亨利的小说最后一片叶子,描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落，她说，最后一片叶子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。贝尔曼，一个伟大的画家，在听完休易讲述完室友琼西的故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的

2、夜里，在墙上画出了一片“永不凋落”的常春藤叶，编造了一个善良且真实的谎言，从而维持一段即将熄灭的生命之光. Part 1 The last leaf Two American Movies about lying True Lies (1994) Liar Liar (1997) ABCDo you often lie? In what cases you may choose to lie? How do you categorize lying ?What lies are harmful? Why do people tell lies? Is lying acceptable? Par

3、t 2 Introductory questions Judith Viorstvi:st was born and brought up in New Jersey, graduated from Rutgers University, moved to Greenwich Village, and has lived in Washington, D.C., since 1960, when she married Milton Viorst, a political writer. They have three sons and seven grandchildren. Viorst

4、writes in many different areas: science books, childrens picture books, adult fiction and non-fiction, poetry for children and adults, and three musicals, which are still performed on stages around the country. Part 33 3 About the author The best-seller Necessary LossesNecessary Losses (1986) and he

5、r comic novel , Murdering Mr.MontiMurdering Mr.Monti (1994),which appeared on The New York Times best-seller list in hardcover and paperback for almost two years. She is also best known for her beloved picture book, Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day. Part 3Part 3Part 4Text

6、AnalysisPart One Para. 1Part Two Paras. 2-36Part Three Paras. 37-42Introductory beginningEnding: how the writer feels we should cope with the question of whether or not to lieThe writer discusses four types of lies and tells what she thinks about each of them Part 4Getting familiar with new vocabula

7、ryUnderline the important vocabulary on the passage while listening to the recording part by partPart 4Pre-words generalize: make general statements without reference to details 2. irritate: make angry or annoyed3. straightforward: simple; expressed or understood in a direct wayPart 4Part One intrig

8、ue ntri arouse the interest or curiosityv v. .以谋略达成；激起以谋略达成；激起的好奇心的好奇心n n. .密谋，阴谋；密谋，阴谋； 私通，奸情私通，奸情Social LiesPart 4Part TwoPeace-Keeping LiesProtective LiesTrust-Keeping LiesParas. 2-7 arrogant：having or showing an exaggerated opinion of ones own importance, merit, ability incorruptible: not subjec

9、t to corruption or decayassail: attack violently; to attack verbally; cause sb to experience unpleasant thoughts or feelings -After her disappointing exam results, Lucy was assailed by worries about her career Part 4Part TwoSocial LiesPara. 2Its arrogant, they say, to insist on being so incorruptibl

10、eand so brave that you cause other people unnecessary embarrassment or pain by compulsively assailing themwith your honesty.他们说，如果你坚持要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏，不由自主地用你的诚实使他人陷入不必要的窘境或痛苦之中，这只能说你是傲慢自大。hideous: frightful , terrible if the soup tastes like warmed-over coffee, you may prefer to avoid saying “ the sou

11、p is wonderful” . Instead ,you may say, “you really cooked up a storm”, which is a polite way to keep the host from feeling embarrassedcook up a storm: cook a meal energeticallyPart 4Part TwoSocial LiesPara.7unsolicited adj. 未经请求的indulge in what he calls “flattery, false praise and mellifluous comme

12、nts”我的这位朋友从来不讲他所说的“奉承话、虚假的赞美话和动听话”indulge in : take pleasure freely in 沉溺于Part 4Part TwoSocial LiesPara.8-17shelter from : protect fromkeep at bay: keep at distancethink less of sb: look down uponholler at : yell at , shout at dodge: avoid by a trickdodge responsibility : 回避责任not in the mood to do s

13、th 不想做某事Part TwoPeace-Keeping LiesPara.8-17assert : defend or maintain 维护，保护in general 通常，一般而言，总而言之make absurd mistake 做了蠢事intimacy n. 亲密关系 - intimate adj. 亲密的，亲近的confess every dumb thing 承认每件蠢事 Part TwoPeace-Keeping Lies破折号的用法Para. 13do you conceal with a lie, if you must the fact that youll be in

14、New York?Or do you have the courage or is it the cruelty? to say, “Ill be in New York, but sorry I dont plan on seeing you”?NoteNote: :破折号不能分割不完整的句子破折号不能分割不完整的句子, ,也就是说破折号两边的句子成分必须完整也就是说破折号两边的句子成分必须完整1.用来表示或突出同位语 Only one thing is now wantinga refrigerator用在一个解释性的插入语解释性的插入语前面和后面，相当于一个括号 Then the pro

15、posalsboth Xiao Yangs and minewere adopted2.用来概括概括前面列举的若干东西 New houses，larger schools，more sheep, more pigs and chickens - everywhere we saw signs of the communes prosperity3.用来表示犹豫或迟疑犹豫或迟疑 III rather thinkmaybeAmy has taken it4. 表示在说话时有意地中断了一下，以便强调或引起别人强调或引起别人 注意注意破折号后面要说的话 In a word，the spirit of

16、the whole country may be described asself-reliance and arduous struggle Paras. 18 supersede : cause to be set aside 取代 on the grounds : based on -He left on the grounds of ill-health. 他借口身体不好，走了。 -I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive. 反对该项计划，理由是花费太大。Part TwoProtective LiesTra

17、nslate Paras.18 18. 保护性谎言就是因为人们认为事实真相危害性太大而说的谎言，这类谎言通常事关重大。他们说谎，因为他们认为，人的某些价值观念压倒了说谎这一错误行为本身。他们说谎不是为个人他们说谎不是为个人私利，而是因为他们相信，那是为他们对之说谎私利，而是因为他们相信，那是为他们对之说谎的人好的人好。他们对自己所爱的人撒谎，对最信任自己的人撒谎，就是因为他们认为这样做是有正当理由的。Part TwoProtective LiesPart TwoProtective LiesPara.22presumptuous: going beyond what is right or p

18、roper 太过分的，放肆的playing God 扮演上帝（来替人做决定）juggle : deal with several things at one time 耍弄， 巧妙安排，杂耍Para.23back up 支持，援助；协防；支持，援助；协防；Part TwoProtective LiesTranslate Para.22-23 有时我也说这种谎，可我明白，声称自己懂得什么对他人最好，这未免太自以为是了。这无异于是在扮演上帝。这无异于操纵和控制他人。而我们一旦开始玩起谎言戏法，就再也无法知道谎言何时会收场，究竟会滑向何方。 而且，我们会不知不觉地为了圆最开始所说的谎言而不断说谎。P

19、aras.26-30triangulation : 三角关系三角关系concede ： acknowledge reluctantly called on sb. to do sth: require sb. to do sthhave an affair 有外遇，有婚外情adamant adj. 固执的，不动摇的，毫不让步的Part TwoTrust-keeping LiesParas.31-36A secret that turn out to be quite immoral or illegal 一个违反道德 或是违法的秘密Watergate: 水门事件水门事件sticky ： 棘手的

20、，难缠的；棘手的，难缠的；contradictory: 矛盾的矛盾的；Part TwoTrust-keeping Lies Early in the morning on June 17, 1972, police discovered five intruders inside the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee. The burglars were there, it turned out, to adjust bugging equipment they had installed during a May brea

21、k-in and to photograph the Democrats documents. The burglary and subsequent cover-up eventually led to moves to impeach President Richard Nixon. Nixon resigned the presidency on 8 August 1974. 水门事件水门事件(美国政治丑闻美国政治丑闻, 共和党总统竞选连任委员会于共和党总统竞选连任委员会于1972年年6月月17日派人潜入水门大厦民主党总部安装窃听器日派人潜入水门大厦民主党总部安装窃听器, 此事暴露后导致

22、尼克此事暴露后导致尼克松总统辞职松总统辞职)Part 4Part Three Para.38be stuck with - be burdened with sth and unable to get rid of it 无法摆脱无法摆脱Para.39as a last resort if all other ways fail - -The police are supposed to use guns only as a last resort. 作为最后一招作为最后一招Part 4Part ThreeTranslate Paras.39-41 39.可是，对我们这种擅于说谎的人来说，对我

23、们这种说谎又不露馅的人来说，说谎还是不说谎会成为一个严肃的道德难题。我颇为赞同一位朋友的话，他说，“我愿意说谎。但只把这作为最后一手 真话总比谎话好。”40. “因为，”他解释说，“哪怕别人对我的谎话完全信以为真，我自己可无法相信。”41.本人也有同感. Important Words and PhrasesPara.1reach a conclusionpresent ultimate conclusionPresent a series of moral puzzlesParas. 2-6Our relationships would be short and brutish and na

24、sty.-assailing with hideous presents / homely kidsdecline invitations with-a polite evasion of “You really cooked up a storm.”Para.7-His silence at this moment is eloquent enough.-indulge in -flattery, false praise and mellifluous comments-go alongParas. 8-17-lies designed to avoid irritation and ar

25、gument-to shelter from-keep trouble at bay-disapprove of-think less of sb.-holler at -dodge responsibility-be in the mood to do sth-assert ones right to do sth.-make absurd mistakesPara. 18-25-on the grounds -back up the lies-if conditions were reversed, we certainly wouldnt want anyone lying to usP

26、ara. 26-36-on behalf of sb-to call on to do sthPara. 37-42-give away-be stuck with-as a last resortImportant Words and PhrasesParas. 2-6Our relationships would be short and brutish and nasty. 人与人之间的关系就会变得粗野不快，无法持久。-assailing with 以攻击hideous presents 令人憎恶的礼物令人憎恶的礼物 homely kids 相貌平平的孩子相貌平平的孩子decline invitations with 以以婉拒邀请婉拒邀请-a polite evasion of “You really cooked up a storm.” 一个委婉的托辞“太丰盛了。”Para.7-His silence at this moment is elo