定语从句语法知识点总结(表格版)

1、定语从句【区别】限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰作用（相当于形容词的作用，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。）非限制性定语从句 对先行词起补充说明作用，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开，句子相当于并列句，状语从句。一、关系代词分类用于限制性和非限制性定语从句用于限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句关系代词与关系副词的用法：指人指物既指人又指物1、关系代词和关系代词在任何条件下都不能省略。主格词Who /、可省WhichThat不可省2、Who whom which不能用that代替也不能相互替换。宾格词Who(m)可省3、在“介词+Whi

2、ch/Whom ”从句的结构中介词不能移到从句后面。属格词Whose/of whom 不口 省Whose/of which /、口省Whose /、口省4、when where可以用于非限制定语从句中。、关系代词用法That（限制定语从句中必须用 的几种情况）1、当先行词是不je代词 all, much, little , something, everything , anything, nothing , none, the one 时。 例： He told me everything that he knows.2、当先仃词被 the only, the very, any, few,

3、 little , no, all 修饰时。 例： All the books that you offered has been given out.3、当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词的最高级修饰时。例：This is the best book that I have ever read.4、当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时。例： We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5、当先行词即有人又有物时。例：They talked about the teachers and the schools t

4、hat they knew.6、当主句的主语是妣问词 who、which时。例： Who is the man that is making a speech?7、后两个定语从句时，其中一个用了which另外一个宜用that。例： Edison?built up a factory?which?produced things?that?had never been seen before8、当先行词在上句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语时。例：China is not the country that it was.9、当要避免与疑问词which重复时例： Which is the car

5、that was made in Beijing?10.主句是There be结构，修饰物，充当主语的定语从句宜用 that作美系代词。（备注：在There be结构中，修饰人，充当 主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who指代人例：There' s still a seat in the corr?ehat?is still free.?There' s a gentleman who wants to see you.11、that有时可用来代替 when,引用一个止语从句，修饰表小时间的名词如day, time, moment等。例:He worked hard the whol

6、e time (when/that) he lived here.October 1, 1949?was the day when/that the People' s Republic of China was founded.只用 which, who, whom 的 情况1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人例： He has a son, who has gone abroad for further studyAs (即可以引导限制定语从句又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在 从句中作主语、宾语或表语)2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只

7、能用which指物，whom 指人。例:I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.1、Such+名词+as像一样的，像之类的例： Don' t read such books as you can ' t understand.3.先行词本身是that时，关系词用 which,先行词为those, one, he时 多用who。例：Those who respect others are usually respected by others.2、the same+名词+as和同样的例：4.当关系代词后面带有插入语时例：H

8、ere is the English grammar?which, as have told you, will help improve your English.3、 - such- as - o such代词”这样的人或物”as在从句中修饰such例：【区别】1、引导的非限制性定语 从句只能放在主句后。例：例：2、当定语从句放在主句 后面时并不是as就永远等丁 which当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定意义时。只用which o 例：as仍然保持做连词的某种意义例：从句中仃为动词是主动语态，一般用which做主语。例：当as在从句中做主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态。(be know,

9、be said)例：当非限制性定语从句的 谓语动词是一个复合结构时 ，只能用whicho 例：(3)as 常用在 as (it) same likely, as (it) often happens, as (it) was point out As (it) was said earlier, as I remember (it) ,as I understand (it) ,as (it) Appears例：【注】当关系代词 as或which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句内容时，若 as或which作主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。例:介词+关系代词1、当介词在关系代词前向时，关系代词只

10、能which指物,whom指人。 且关系代词/、能省略。例：2、介词+which/whom+不te式结构。例：3、 “复合介词短语+关系代词 which”引导的定语从句这种结构引导的定语从 句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装结构。例：4、在限制性te语从句中，当介词位于th语从句的末尾时，可用that/which（指物）that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语，且介词宾语的关系代词可省略。例：定语从句用法的其他要点一、关系代词在定语从句中做主语时不引省略二、引导定语从句中的关系代词在从句中做主 语时，那么定语从句中的谓语动词在人称、数的方面，应该与先行词保持一致。1、one of+名词复数+关系代词+动词复数例：2、the only of+名词复数+关系代词+动词单数例：3、其他情况例：二、注忌way后接te语从句的情况