unit 4new words

1、Unit 4 Words and expressionslChineselEnglish lMathematics mathematician lPolitics politicianlHistory historianlGeography geographerlAstronomy astronomer lPhysics physicist lChemistry chemistlBiology biologist v-ician 表示表示“精通者，精通者，家家”technicianv-icist 表示表示“者，者，师，师，能手能手“ physicistv-ist 表示表示“从事从事研究者，信仰

2、研究者，信仰主义主义者者”chemist，artist, dentist, communist(共共产主义者产主义者.v-ics为后缀：主要表示一门学问为后缀：主要表示一门学问 economics（经济学），（经济学），electronics（电子（电子学），学），mechanics（机械学）（机械学） v-ery； -y . 表示学科表示学科 技术，技术，学学“ cookery v2.system solar system educational systemheating system 供热系统供热系统The politic system 政治制度、体系政治制度、体系The postal

3、system v3. theoryDarwins theory of evolution.Combine theory with practice.in theory 理论上理论上 theoreticallyThat sounds fine in theory, but will it work?4.Big bang 宇宙大爆炸v生活大爆炸vThe Big Bang Theoryv5.atom atom(ic) bomb原子弹v6.violent violently violencev7. in time to do sth. / for sth. 来得及来得及v They were just

4、 in time for the bus. in time 及时及时, 迟早迟早 on time 按时，准时按时，准时 for the first/last time 第一次第一次/最后一次最后一次 in no time 立刻立刻 at a time 一次，每次一次，每次v8.Atmosphere 大气层大气层 ，氛围，氛围vSocial atmosphere 社会气氛社会气氛vAcademic atmosphere 学术氛围学术氛围v对流层对流层 troposphere v平流层平流层 stratosphere v中间层中间层 mesospherev9. unlike 表示否定的前缀。表示否

5、定的前缀。vdis加在名词、形容词，动词之前。加在名词、形容词，动词之前。 disadvantage 缺点缺点 disagree不同意不同意 in-加在形容词，名词之前加在形容词，名词之前 incorrect 不正确的不正确的 ，inaccurate 不准确的不准确的 im-加在字母加在字母m,b,p之前之前 immature 不成熟的，不成熟的，imbalance不平衡，不不平衡，不安定安定 impossible 不可能的不可能的 vil-加在以加在以l开头的词前开头的词前 illegal 非法的非法的 ，illiterate 文盲的，没文化的文盲的，没文化的 illogical 不合逻辑的

6、不合逻辑的 vir-加在以加在以 r 开头的词前开头的词前 irregular 不稳定的，不稳定的，irresistable 不可抵抗的不可抵抗的un-加在名词，动词演绎的形容词，副词之加在名词，动词演绎的形容词，副词之前前 unfinished 未完成的未完成的 undoubted 无疑的无疑的 unemployment 失业失业 在形容词前表示不，在形容词前表示不，unreal, uncommon. 在动词前表示相反的动作，在动词前表示相反的动作，unlock uncover non-加在形容词，名词前加在形容词，名词前 non-existence 不存在不存在 ，non-essentia

7、l 不不主要的主要的 ，non-electrical 非电的非电的 vmis加在动词、名词之前加在动词、名词之前 misunderstand 误解误解 ，misjudge 误判误判 ，misleading 误导误导 ，misfortune 不幸不幸 . dis-加地动词之前加地动词之前 disappear 消失消失 ，disarm 解除武装解除武装 ， . de-加在名词，形容词之前加在名词，形容词之前 decolor 脱色脱色, 漂白漂白 10. Harmful harmful harmless be harmful to be harmless to do harm to sb/do sb

8、 harm never cause sb any harm 绝不伤害他人绝不伤害他人 come to no harm 安然无恙安然无恙 do more harm than good 弊多于利弊多于利 11.chain n a chain of events= a series of a chain of supermarkets a supermarket chain 连锁商店连锁商店 in chains 带着镣铐带着镣铐eg. The prisoner were kept in chains. v chain sb to sth/ chain sth. tie 系系 chain sb/sth

9、 (up)She chained her bicycle to the gate.12. lay eggsv规则是撒谎规则是撒谎 lie lied lied lyingv不规则是躺不规则是躺 lie lay lain lyingv躺过就下蛋躺过就下蛋 lay laid laid laying lay off 解雇，解雇， layaside 把把 放一边。放一边。lay down 放下。放下。lay a foundation of 奠定基础，打下基础。奠定基础，打下基础。 13.exist vexist in, 存在于存在于 之中。之中。vexist on sth, live on , surv

10、ive on, feed on 靠靠 为生。为生。vThere exists/existed, 有有 ，存在，存在 。vn existence in existence , 现存的，现存的， come into existence ,产生，成立产生，成立 14 birth by birth 出生出生,血统血统;天生天生,生来。生来。 Hes French by birth. 他是法国血统。他是法国血统。 give birth to 生生 15. in ones turn vIt is ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事。轮到某人做某事。vtake turns doing/

11、to do.轮流做轮流做vin return 作为报答作为报答 vby turns 轮流，依次轮流，依次vin turn 依次依次,轮流轮流,反过来反过来veg: All theory is based on practice and in turn serve practice.vwait (for) your turn静心等候静心等候 turn on /off turn up 出现；发生；开大；发现出现；发生；开大；发现 turn out to be 结果是；原来是结果是；原来是 turn down 拒绝；向下拒绝；向下;转折转折 turn away 避开；解雇；不准避开；解雇；不准入内；

12、走开；转过脸入内；走开；转过脸 turn round 转身转身,转向；归航；回车道；转变转向；归航；回车道；转变 16. prevent sb (from) doing sth stop sb (from) doing sth keep sb from doing sth 在被动语态中都不能省略。 protect.from.表示“保护不受侵袭，挡住，防御”。 from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。 v17.Puzzle 使使困惑，使困惑，使为难为难 puzzle out仔细考虑仔细考虑, 设法想出设法想出 puzzle over苦苦思考苦苦思考;冥思苦想冥思苦想 puzzle ones brain

13、s(为某事为某事)绞尽脑汁绞尽脑汁, 苦思苦想苦思苦想 be in a puzzle困惑，不知如何是好困惑，不知如何是好 be puzzled about 对对迷惑不解迷惑不解v cross-word puzzle纵横填字游戏纵横填字游戏 vChinese puzzle(七巧板、九连环等七巧板、九连环等)中国智力玩具中国智力玩具; 复杂难懂的事物复杂难懂的事物; 难解之谜难解之谜18.Climate desert climate 沙漠气候沙漠气候continental climate 大陆性气候大陆性气候oceanic climate 海洋性气候海洋性气候Mediterranean clima

14、te 地中海气候地中海气候climate change 气候变化，气候变迁气候变化，气候变迁global climate 全球气候全球气候v19. pull pull apart 把把.拉开或拆开拉开或拆开pull away开走开走 使离开使离开pull down 拆掉拆掉pull in 到站，进站到站，进站pull out 离开，撤离；离开，撤离；pull on 穿戴，匆忙穿上衣服穿戴，匆忙穿上衣服put on 穿上，上演穿上，上演 pull off 匆忙脱去（衣服）匆忙脱去（衣服） put off 推辞，脱去推辞，脱去pull through 渡过难关渡过难关 使恢复健康使恢复健康pull

15、 up 车停下车停下20. cheer up cheer on 鼓励，激励鼓励，激励cheer up 使高兴，为使高兴，为加油。加油。cheer sb up cheer for 为为欢呼，喝彩。欢呼，喝彩。cheer n, vcheerful adj快乐的，愉快的，高兴地快乐的，愉快的，高兴地cheerfully advcheers!21. break out (战争战争,争吵争吵,疾病等疾病等)爆发爆发 break down 损坏；垮掉，崩溃损坏；垮掉，崩溃 break up 把把拆开拆开;打碎打碎 break away from 摆脱摆脱 break into 闯入闯入;突然突然起来起来

16、break in 破门而入，打断。破门而入，打断。 break off 中断，突然停止中断，突然停止 ；折断；折断 break trough 突破，冲破；突破，冲破；取得突破性成就取得突破性成就 v22. watch out for小心，提防小心，提防 watch over 照顾，监督，保护照顾，监督，保护 keep a watch 守望，注视守望，注视 watch oneself 小心谨慎小心谨慎 on watch 守望，值班守望，值班v必修必修3第四单元随堂练第四单元随堂练vSection 1v Vocabulary Buildingv 一、根据句子意思和所给中文或首字母提示,写出单词的正

17、确形式。v1. It cost him more than one _ (十亿) dollars to complete the project.v2. What happened? Johns mother asked him in a _ (温和的) voice.v3. Before the Earths protective _ (大气层) was formed, there was no life except in the sea.v4. With the _ (引力) of the moon and the sun each day, tides (潮汐) roll in and

18、roll away.v5. Man-made _ (卫星) are used for sending and receiving messages.billiongentle atmosphere pullsatellitesv6. Smoking m_ the risk of heart attacks and other health problems.v7. Eating too many desserts can be h_ to ones teeth.v8. Global warming and c_ change problems are perhaps the greatest

19、threats to our planet.v9. According to the t_ of relativity (相对论), nothing can travel faster than light.v10. Most of the evidence had been destroyed. T_, it was almost impossible to prove him guilty. ultiplies armful limate heory husastronomy, globe, chain, biology, gravity, cheer up, spaceship, blo

20、ck out, religion, break out, watch out1. The force of _ pulls things towards the earths centre.2. I lost the match. _! Its not the end of the world.3. In our country, people have the right to practice their own _.4. They escaped to America shortly before the war _ in 1939.gravity Cheer up religion b

21、roke out 5. Every year, this village attracts tourists from every corner of the _.6. There are some common grammatical mistakes that you should _ for in your essay.7. The government fears that the strike (罢工) may produce a _ reaction in other industries.globewatch out chain 8. _ is the scientific st

22、udy of the sun, the moon, stars, and other heavenly bodies (天体).9. The _ left the earth a short time ago, and must have traveled three hundred miles into space.Astronomy spaceship v三、根据释义写出单词,并选词填空。 va. very strong and sudden _vb. to be present in a place or situation _vc. the most central and important part of sth. _vd. something that is difficult to understand or explain _