雅思阅读主题定位法

1、雅思阅读之主题阅读法雅思阅读之主题阅读法Lecturer: Nicholas首先来看一道题目 Title: Right and Left-handedness in Humans Questions 1-7 Use the information in the text to match the people (listed A-E) with the opinions (listed 1-7) below. Write the appropriate letter (A-E) in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet. Some people match more

2、than one opinion. A. Dr BrocaB. Dr BrinkmanC. Geschwind and GalaburdaD. Charles MooreE. Professor Turner题目：1. Human beings started to show a preference for right-handedness when they first developed language.2. Society is prejudiced against left-handed people.3. Boys are more likely to be left-hande

3、d.4. After a stroke, left-handed people recover their speech more quickly than right-handed people.5. People who suffer strokes on the left side of the brain usually lose their power of speech.6. The two sides of the brain develop different functions before birth.7. Asymmetry is a common feature of

4、the human body.如何解题呢？ 传统传统的解题思路是：先读题，再去文中逐一寻找答案。 该思路下的解题步骤： 1. 读题，发现题目中有人名，认为人名是比较容易定位人名是比较容易定位的词汇，然后用线划出含有人名的句子含有人名的句子。 2. 因为匹配题是“乱序乱序”题，所以我们只有找出各个题目各个题目中的关键词，中的关键词，然后去原文中一一对应精读所有含有人名的含有人名的句子句子。 3. 最后确认答案确认答案。传统方法的缺点：1.因为匹配题和乱序，匹配题和乱序，考生并不知道哪一个人名的哪一句话是正确答案。这意味着几乎必须读完各个人名在文章中所在的句子并且与题目一一对应，进而造成大量时间的

5、浪费大量时间的浪费和误读和误读的可能。2. 题目的关键词的选择脱离文章脱离文章内容，缺乏理解依据。如何破解传统方法的困局？Title: Right and Left-handedness in Humans 阅读阅读标题主题句并标记关键词关键词：确认全文话题是right and left-handedness in humans。在各段落主题句中此内容如有重复重复出现，都无需特别标记无需特别标记，因为这是各段的普遍内容，而不是某段的独特内容。Paragraph A: Why do humans, virtually along among all animal species, display

6、 a distinct left or right-handedness? Not even our closest relatives among the apes possess such decided lateral asymmetry, as psychologists call it. Yet about 90 percent of every human population that has ever lived appears to have been right-handed. Professor Bryan Turner at Deakin University has

7、studied the research literature on left-handedness and found that handedness goes with sidedness. So nine out of ten people are right-handed and eight are right-footed. He noted that this distinctive asymmetry in the human population is itself systematic. Humans think in categories: black and white,

8、 up and down, left and right. Its a system of signs that enables us to categorise phenomena that are essentially ambiguous.如何破解传统方法的困局？段落A主题：重复文章主题重复文章主题，是正常的首段落主题写法，无需标记无需标记Paragraph B: Research has shown that there is a genetic or inherited element to handedness. But while left-handedness tends to

9、 run in families, neither left nor right handers will automatically produce off-spring with the same handedness; in fact about 6 percent of children with two right-handed parents will be left-handed. However, among two left-handed parents, perhaps 40 percent of the children will also be left-handed.

10、 With one right and one left-handed parent, perhaps 40 percent of the offspring will be left-handed. Even among identical twins who have exactly the same genes, one in six pairs will differ in their handedness.如何破解传统方法的困局？段落B主题：造成“handedness”的第一个原因：genetic须标记依同样的方法找出剩余段落的主题句关键词Paragraph C: 第2个原因： br

11、ain须标记Paragraph D: 新出现的evolution of speech须标记Paragraph E: 标记monkey一词，因为这与文章主题human不一致，属于新信息。Paragraph F: 重点阅读第一句宾语从句的内容，由于asymmetry 被left-handed修饰，应视为全文主题的替换表达，无需标记。仅需要标记Before birth, male and female.Paragraph G: 标记consolation（安慰），从首句中“左撇子几百年来生活在右撇子的世界里”的内容，也不难理解安慰的含义。解题1. Human beings started to sh

12、ow a preference for right-handedness when they first developed language.解题思路：与文章标题内容表述一致的描述不考虑，则本题只剩下first develop language。这与D段主题句关键词evolution of speech对应。该段仅有一个人名，确认答案为B。步骤：读题，找出具有区别性的词具有区别性的词作为定位词定位词，根据段段落主题句与题目定位词的直接间接关联落主题句与题目定位词的直接间接关联，将题目定位于定位于某一个段落某一个段落；再在段落内寻找定位词定位词或其替代表达替代表达，确定答案。解题2. Soci

13、ety is prejudiced against left-handed people.解题思路：题目“社会歧视左撇子”的内容只能对应G段主题句中的“左撇子几百年来生活在右撇子的世界中”和“consolation”一词，该段中有两个人名，其中一个不在选项中，可以确认答案为D。同理解答剩余的题A段：重复主题right and left-handedness in humansB段：geneticsC段：brainD段：evolution of speechE段：monkey and humansF段：before birth, male and femaleG段：consolation, 左撇子生活在右撇子的世界里1题：first develop language2题：prejudice3题：boys4题：recover speech5题：brain6题：before birth7题：asymmetry, 重述全文主题主题阅读法解题步骤1. 先阅读文章标题和每个段落的主题句，并标记段落主题句的“关键词”， 从而掌握文章的核心内容。2. 读题，找出具有区别性的词作为定位词。3. 根据各个题目和主题句的直接、间接联系将题目定位于原文中的相关主题句或者