作文常考8类主题词盘点

1、精神品质类team spirit：团队精神teamwork：团队合作strengthen mutual cooperation：增强相互合作cultivate the atmosphere of teamwork：形成团队精神patience：耐心prudence：谨慎persistence/perseverance：恒心/毅力/坚持 对应：give up halfway(半途而废)endeavor：努力diligence/painstaking efforts：勤奋self-dependence/self-reliance/independence：自立innovation/creativi

2、ty/critical thinking：创新self-confidence：自信(lack of confidence：缺乏自信)modesty：谦虚striving spirit：奋斗精神the spirit of competition：拼搏精神aggressive：有进取心的strong-willed：意志坚强的tireless：孜孜不倦的persevering：不屈不挠的consistent：始终如一的adversity and hardship：逆境和苦难a sense of achievement：成就感sense of honor：荣誉感entertain great ambi

3、tions：胸怀抱负reap without sowing：不劳而获haste makes waste：欲速则不达utilitarian：功利的，急功近利的actions：行动(take actions：付诸行动)down-to-earth：务实的thrift：勤俭honesty：诚信respect the old and care for the young：尊老爱幼curiosity：充满好奇spirit of the craftsman/craftsman's spirit/craftsmanship spirit：工匠精神striving for the best/strivi

4、ng for excellence：精益求精道德类public morality：公德devotion/dedication：奉献charity：慈善duty/responsibility：责任sense of responsibility：责任感shoulder/assume/undertake one's duties/responsibility：承担责任avoid/shirk/shun one's duties/responsibility：逃避责任traditional virtues：传统美德practice filial piety：奉行孝道selfless de

5、votion：无私奉献Patriotism：爱国主义comply with the law/observation of the law：遵守法律comply with public morality：遵守公德follow the morals：按道德行事improve public morals：改进社会风气safeguard public morals：维护公共道德injure public morality：损害公共道德be public-spirited：有公德心的the corruption of public morality：公德堕落the lack of moral sense

6、：道德缺失the crisis of trust：信任危机spit everywhere：随地吐痰make noise/talk loudly：大声喧哗littering：乱丢垃圾empty promise：空洞承诺false promise：虚假承诺compete for benefits：争抢利益unfair competitions：不公平竞争consumers' rights and interests：消费者权益disregard the public rules：无视公共规章break/violate public regulations：违反公共规章benevolence

7、：善心仁慈with heart and soul：全心全意amicable：友好的charitable：宽厚的credibility：信誉，美誉fake commodities：伪劣产品dishonest behaviors：欺诈行为unaffordable prices of medicines：药价虚高academic corruption：学术腐败plagiarism：剽窃抄袭excessive growth：过度上涨illegal ads：非法广告food safety：食品安全misdeed/misconduct：不良行为spirit of contact：契约精神volunteer

8、/volunteering/volunteering service：志愿者/志愿者活动/志愿服务volunteer spirit：志愿者精神家庭类或两代关系类mutual understanding：相互理解aging society：老龄化社会population aging：人口老龄化generation gap：代沟widen/expand generation gap：扩大代沟narrow/bridge generation gap：消除代沟chauvinism：大男子主义career women：职业妇女domestic/family violence：家庭暴力foster/rai

9、se/breed/nurture/bring up：抚养household chores：繁杂家务spoil children/dote on children：溺爱孩子over-indulgence：纵容溺爱only child：独生子女the universal two-child policy：全面二孩政策例：The aging trend would be actively addressed by the universal two-child policy.(全面二孩政策将有效应对人口老龄化趋势)boomerang kids/the NEET group(NEET=Not curr

10、ently engaged in Education, Employment or Training)：啃老族a well-off family：小康之家nuclear famaily：核心家庭a single-parent family：单亲家庭one's later years/one's remaining years：晚年filial piety：孝道practice filial piety/fulfill filial duty：奉行孝道support(take care of/sustain) the elderly(the old/the aged/the se

11、nior/aged parents/the old and infirm parents)：赡养老人show solicitude for parents：关心父母mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents：虐待父母cousin：堂兄妹，表兄妹offspring：后代，后辈ancestor：祖先heir：继承人环保类(重要)注：1992年以来，环保类话题在英语(一)大作文中已考过3次，是重要的考查话题。environment-friendly：生态环保的conserve natural habitats：保护生存环境animal rights activist：动物

12、权益保护者natural reserve：自然保护区natural resources：自然资源energy conservation and environmental protection：节能环保biodiversity：生物多样性extinction：灭绝wind breaks：防风林sand breaks：防沙林climate change：气候变化greenhouse effect：温室效应threat of global warming：全球变暖的威胁develop renewable resources：开发可再生资源low-carbon economy：低碳经济low-car

13、bon lifestyle：低碳生活方式environmental awareness：环境意识deforestation：森林消失landslide：山体滑坡biodegradable：可生物降解的environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products：环保产品household garbage：生活垃圾waste sorting/garbage classification：垃圾分类motor vehicle pollution：汽车尾气污染reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles：减少汽车尾气的排放low-

14、emission cars：小排量汽车high-emission cars：大排量汽车public transport：公共交通green commuting：绿色出行water and soil erosion：水土流失soot emissions：烟尘排放sea water desalinization：海水淡化eco-demonstration region：生态示范区Nationally Designated Garden City：国家级园林城市create pleasant living environment：创造怡人的生活环境air pollution：空气污染degradat

15、ion/deterioration of air quality：空气质量恶化discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas：排放有毒气体acid rain：酸雨drought：干旱sandstorm：沙尘暴toxic waste：有毒废物industrial waste：工业废物sewage treatment：污水处理健康类注：只在1996、1997这两年考过。健康类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。physical health/fitness/well-being：生理健康mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being

16、：心理健康improve/enhance physical(psychological) health：增进生理(心理)健康hurt/damage physical(psychological)health：损害生理(心理)健康health concern：健康问题state of health：健康状况sub-health：亚健康public health：公共卫生state of mind：心态physical exercises：体育锻炼well-balanced diet：均衡饮食sacrifice health：牺牲健康junk food：垃圾食品food additives：食品添

17、加剂go on a diet：节食，减肥arrhythmia：心律不齐indigestion：消化不良vaccinate：打疫苗infectious disease/illness：传染病chronic disease/illness：慢性病non-acclimatization：水土不服relapse：复发症stupor：昏迷nearsightedness/myopia/short-sightedness：近视malnutrition：营养不良chill：打冷战文化类(重要)注：文化类话题是英语(一)大作文的高频考查话题，1992年以来已考过4次，最近一次是在2010年(文化火锅)。截至目前

18、，已有7年未考了，2018考研务必重视这个话题。culture and civilization：文化和文明The cultural blending/integration/fusion：文化融合cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange：文化交流cultural diversity：文化多元化multiculturalism：多元文化cultural identity：文化特性cultural treasures：文化宝藏cultural heritage/legacy：文化遗产cultural relics：文物cultural faciliti

19、es：文化设施cultural devolution：文化退化cultural insights：文化视角traditional Chinese culture/national culture：民族(传统)文化alien/foreign culture：外国文化Chinese cultural symbols：中国文化的符号advocate/carry forward traditional culture：弘扬传统文化preserve and cherish traditions：保存和珍惜传统undermine traditions：破坏传统great and profound：博大精深

20、的public literature：大众文学light literature：通俗文学local customs and practices：风土人情cross-cultural communication：跨文化交流spiritual civilization：精神文明break with old customs：抛弃传统hand down from generation to generation：代代相传minority：少数民族national pride：民族自豪original：原始原创的charming：极具魅力的splendid：壮丽辉煌的talk show：谈话节目cras

21、h：碰撞collection：收藏品mahjong：麻将Peking/Beijing opera：京剧Tang Suit：唐装folk art：民间艺术paper-cut：剪纸Confucius Institute：孔子学院Chinese craze：中国热教育类注：教育类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。compulsory education：义务教育life-long education：终身教育exam/test-oriented education：应试教育quality education：素质教育well-rounded development of a child：全面发展ba

22、lanced development of a child：均衡发展cultural quality：文化素质impart knowledge and educate people：教书育人dropout student：失学儿童intellectual property：知识产权law education：法制教育teach students according to their aptitude：因材施教force-feeding method of teaching：填鸭式教学academic/theoretical knowledge：理论知识practical skills：实用技能

23、integrate theory with practice：理论联系实际disconnect theory from practice：理论脱离实际shape/mould one's character：塑造性格extra-curricular activities：课外活动the spirit of exploration：探索精神cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking：培养创新思维stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity：扼杀创造力sap/dampen student'

24、;s interest in sth.：挫伤学生对某事的兴趣opening ceremony：开学典礼key school：重点中学private school：私立学校public school：公立学校eliminate illiteracy：扫盲miss a class：缺课cut a class：旷课drop out：辍学quit school：退学assistantship：助学金scholarship：奖学金university graduates：大学毕业生pursue post-graduate study/take part in the entrance exams for

25、 postgraduates：考研study abroad/go abroad for further education：出国留学excessive/undue academic pressure：过大的学习压力the burden of study/learning：学习负担ease/relieve academic pressure：缓解学习压力intensify academic pressure：增强学习压力academic atmosphere：学习气氛经济类economic globalization：经济全球化recession/bleeding economy：经济不景气ec

26、onomic/financial crisis：经济/金融危机the fallout of economic/financial crisis：经济/金融危机的影响economic recovery：经济复苏economic prosperity：经济繁荣spur/stimulate economic development：刺激经济发展hinder/impede economic development：阻碍经济发展job market：就业市场look for/hunt for/seek a job：找工作job seeker：求职者a tough job market：严峻的就业形势unrealistic salary expectations：不切实际的薪资期望pursue a high-paid job：追求高薪工作without/lack of practical