小学英语知识点

1、小学英语一、名词：有可数名词和不可数名词.1、可数名词有单数、复数之分,名词复数形式的构成规那么：(1) 一般在名词词尾加“s如：teacherteachesegg-eggs(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加es如class-classesbox-boxesbus-buseswatch-watches(3)以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i再加es如：story-storieslibrary-libraries,dictionary-dictionarieshobby-hobbies(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为v力口es如：life-livesleaf-leaveshalf-halv

2、esknife-kniveswolf-wolveswife-wives(5)以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿加eshero-heroesmango-mangoespotato-potatoestomato-tomatoes其余加s(目前所学的词)zoo-zooskilo-kilosradioradiosphoto-photospiano-pianos(6)不规那么名词单复数形式如：childchildrenwoman-womenman-menfoot-feettooth-teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如JapaneseChinese,sheep,如：Ihaveonesheep.He

3、hastwosheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有：(1)milk,water,juice,tea,ice;(2) food,rice,meat,fish,chicken,bread,cheese(3) paper,newspaper,hair,time,money,homework,housework不可数名词的数量常表示如下twobottlesofmilkacupofjuicehalfakiloofcheeseabagofricethreekilosofmeatsomewater二人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格.主格在句中作主语,宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语.主格Iweyouhe

4、sheitthey宾meusyouhimheritthem格我我你,他她它他们们你们Wearegoingtohaveapicnic.Letusgo.ImisseveryoneinChina.Whocanhelpme?Whatishedoing?Heistryingtogetonthebus.Lookathim.Shecan'thear.Thisdoghelpsher.TellmemoreabouttheGreatWall.三、物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词.形容词性物主代词后需跟名词,名词性物主代词后不用跟.名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的含义形容词性

5、物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirsThisismybook.=Thisbookismine.Thisishisbag.=Thisbagishis.Yourwatchisold,buthersisnew.Thanksgivingismyfavouritefestival.WesayThankyou"forourfood,familyandfriends.四、疑问词who谁what什么when什么时候whattime几点where哪里why为什么how怎样howmuch多少howmany多少how

6、old多大whose谁的whatcolour什么颜色howlong多长1 .对人物提问用whoWhogaveittoyou?Simon'sfamilygaveittome.Whocanhelpme?canhelpyou.2 .对事物或做某事提问用whatWhatdoyouwant?Iwantahotdog..7.Whatareyoudoing?WhatareyougoingtoEnglish.Whatareyougoingtoaroundthelake.What'sitabout?对时间提问用whenIamreadingabook.study?I'mgoi

7、ngtostudydo?We'regoingtowalkIt'saboutanimals.Whosecapisthis?It'sAmy'scap.Whosepenisthat?It'shjspen.12. 对颜色提问用whatcolourWhatcolourisit?It'sblack.13. 对星期提问用whatdayWhatdayisittoday?It'sMonday.14. Howlongisit?It'saboutsixthousandsevenhundredkilometers.Whenareyougoingtoeat

8、?We'regoingtoeatathalfpasttwelve.Whenwasheborn?Hewasbornin1809.对点钟提问用whattimeWhattimeisit?It'stwelve.Whattimedoyougetup?对地点提问用whereWherewasheborn?Whereareyou?Where'syourmum?对原因提问用whyIgetupatsixo'clock.HewasborninFrance.Iamonthetrain.She'satthesupermarket.Whyareyouwearingaraincoat

9、?Becauseit'sgoingtorain.对身体状况或方式提问用howHowareyou?I'mfine.Howareyougoingtogotoschool?I'mgoingtogotoschoolbybus.8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用howmuchHowmuchisit?It'sthirteendollarsandtwenty-fivecents.Howmuchmilkdoyouwant?Iwanttwobottlesofmilk.9 .对可数名词的数量提问用howmanyHowmanybooksarethereonthedesk?Therea

10、rethreebooksonthedesk.10 .对年龄提问用howoldHowoldareyou?I'mtwelve.特殊疑问句语序：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？例：Howdoyougotoschool?疑问词做主语+谓语动词+?例：Whogaveittoyou?五.时态1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.经常与表示过去的时间连用.如yesterday昨天,lastweek上周,lastmonth上个月,lastyear去年,twomonthsago两个月前等.构成：1肯定句：主语+动词过去式+Hemadeavideo.否认句：主语+didn't+动词原形+H

11、edidn'tmakeavideo.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+.?Didhemakeavideo?2be动词用was,were.否认句在was,were后力口not.一般疑问句把was,were提前到句首.ShewasborninAmerica.ShewasnotborninAmerica.WassheborninAmerica?2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作构成：主语+am/is/are+现在分词+Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.否认句在am/is/are后力口not.11.对“某人的提问用whoseThebirdsarenotsinging

12、inthetrees.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+Hedoesn'tlikenoodles.Arethebirdssinginginthetrees?3 .一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态.经常与表示将来的时间连用.如tomorrow明天,nextweek下周,nextyear明年等.构成：1主语+will+动词原形+Hewillpickuptheapples.否认句在will后加not.Hewillnotpickuptheapples.一般疑问句把will提前到句首.Willhepickuptheapples?2主

13、语+begoingto+动词原形+WearegoingtostudyFrench.否认句在am/is/are后加not.WearenotgoingtostudyFrench.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首.AreyougoingtostudyFrench?4 .一般现在时表示经常性,习惯性的动作或存在的状态.构成：1主语+am/is/are+否认句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首.HelenKellerisamodelforblindpeopleandforyouandme.2肯定句：主语+动词原形+Theduckslikeit.否认句：主语+

14、don't+动词原形+Theducksdon'tlikeit.一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+.?Dotheduckslikeit?3肯定句：主语三单+动词第三人称单数形式+Helikesnoodles.否认句：主语+doesn't+动词原形+Doeshelikenoodles六.动词过去式形式规那么动词的过去式构成1 .一般在动词词尾加ed如：work-workedplay-playedwatch-watched2 .以e结尾动词在词尾加d如：live-lived3 .以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为i再加ed如：study-studiedcopy-copiedc

15、ry-criedcarry-carried4 .有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed,如：stop-stoppeddrop-dropped5、不规那么动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆.动词原形动词过去式动词原形动词过去式gowentcomecamebecomebecamebringbroughtsaysaidputputteachtaughtcancouldreadreadgivegaveam/iswasareweredodidflyflewhavehadmakemaderunranseesawriderodewinwongetgottelltoldeatatesendsenttaketoo

16、kbuyboughtsitsatmeetmetwritewrotedrawdrewswimswamflyflewrinkdrankgivegaveringrangfallfell七.动词ing形式也是现在分词形式否认句在can,could后力口notcannot=can'tcouldnot=couldn't现在分词的构成规那么1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ingsleep-sleepinglook-lookingwear-wearingsend-sendingeat-eatingsing-singinggo-goingjump-jumpingplay-playing2.以不发音的e

17、结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ingWecan'tgonow.Ican'twriteChinese.Ican'tcarryeverything.Hisfriendscan'thearhim.Shecouldn'tseeandshecouldrithear.一般疑问句把can,could提前到句首.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.CanyouspeakEnglish?CanIwritetoyourfriends?write-writingcome-comingride-ridinghave-havingmake-makin

18、gshine-shiningtake-takingclose-closing3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ingget-gettingput-puttingsit-sittingrun-runningswim-swimmingskip-skippingshop-shopping八.动词第三人称单数形式动词第三人称单数的构成规那么1 .大多数动词在词尾加“Sstopstopsmakemakesreadreadsplayplayssayseisayssez2 .以辅音字母加“拜尾的,要先将“谖为“i然后在加“esflyfliescarrycarriesstudystudiesworryworr

19、ies3 .以“s,x,shch,o结尾,在词尾加"esCanyoubemyChinesepenfriend?Yes,ofcourse.十.反义词big-smalllong-shortnew-oldtall-shortyoung-oldheavy-lighteasy-hard/difficultup-downearly-latefat-thinwhite-blackcry-laughdifferent-sameinside-outsidehot-coldhappy-sadgood-badclean-dirtybring-takethis-thatthese-thosealways-n

20、everwoman-manH一、同音词for-fourson-sunhour-ourtoo-tworight-writeeye-Iaren't-auntsent-centwhere-weartheir-thereby-buysee-seateachteacheswatchwatchesgogoesdo-does九、情态动词can过去式could后加动词原形十二.、近义词good-wellstudy-learn十三、缩写形式与完全形式IcanwriteEnglish.Icancarrythisbag.Icanhelpyou.Wecanalwaysbefriends.Latershecou

21、ldreadandwrite.thatis=that'swhatis=whatsletus=letsweare=weretheyare=theyreyouare=yourecannot=cantcouldnot=couldn'tshouldnot=Iam=I'mheis=he'ssheis=sheJsitis=it'sshouldn't、willnot=won'tI'll=Iwillspring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter冬天we'll=wewill数字：donot=don'tdoesnot=d

22、oesntdidone一two二three三four四five五six六not=didntseven七ithasgot=it'sgotIhavegot=I'vegoteight八nine九ten十elevenHtwelve十二havenot=haven'thasnot=hasn'tthirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteenarenot=aren'tisnot=isnt十六十四、小学英语分类单词和词组seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty天气：二十rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的th

23、irty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十snowy有雪的hot炎热的cold严寒的seventy七十warm温暖的cool凉爽的eighty八十ninety九十onehundred一百windy有风的sunny晴朗的onethousand一千onemillion一百万食物：衣服：hamburger汉堡hotdog热狗sandwich三明治T-shirtT恤衫dress裙子sweater毛衣trousers裤子chip薯条chicken鸡肉fish鱼肉meat肉skirt短裙sock袜子shoe鞋coat外套,上衣noodles面条rice大米动物：soup汤cake蛋糕bread

24、面包cheese奶酪cat猫dog狗monkey猴panda熊猫vegetable蔬菜fruit水果sausageH1肠biscuit饼干elephant大象sweets糖果icecream冰激凌peanut花生tiger老虎lion狮子pig猪chameleon变色龙饮料：snake蛇mouse老鼠bear熊kangaroo袋鼠milk牛奶tea茶orangejuice橙汁coffee咖啡frog青蛙cola可乐water水juice果汁parrot鹦鹉bird鸟owl猫头鹰camel骆驼颜色：家庭成员：red红色的green绿色的yellow黄色的black黑色的grandmother奶奶

25、grandfather爷爷grandparents祖父white白色的orange橙色的blue蓝色的purple紫色的母pink粉红色的mother妈妈father爸爸parents父母亲星期：brother兄弟Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三sister姐妹uncle叔,伯,舅aunt阿姨cousinThursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday表兄弟星期日学科：月份：Chinese语文English英语Math数学PE体育Art艺January一月February二月March三月April四月术Science科学Physics物

26、理Chemistry化学HistoryMay五月June六月July七月August八月September历史Geography地理九月October十月NovemberH月December十二月节日：季节：FlagDay国旗日ThanksgivingDay感恩节Halloween万圣节EasterFestival复活节Christmas圣诞节SpringFestival春节LanternFestival元宵节DragonBoatFestival端午节Mid-AutumnFestival中秋节名胜景点：BigBen大本钟theRiverThames泰晤士河HydePark海德公园TowerBr

27、idge塔桥theLondonBridge伦敦桥theBritishMuseum大英博物馆theLondonEye伦敦眼theGreatWall长城theSummerPalace颐和园theChangjiangRiver长江theWestLake西湖theHuangshanMountain黄山TheMingTombs明十三陵MountQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰球类：playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球playbaseball打棒球playtabletennis打乒乓球playvolleyball打排球棋类：playchess下象棋乐器：playtheguitar

28、弹吉他playthedrums敲鼓playthezither弹吉他playthepiano弹钢琴playtheflute吹笛子playthetrumpet吹小号体育运动：haveaSportsDay举行运动会domorningexercises做早操doTaijiquan打太极拳dothehighjump跳远dothelongjump跳高runthe100meters跑一百米runfast跑得快jumphigh跳高jumplong跳远swim游泳goswimming去游泳skip跳绳controltheball限制球catchtheball接球rowaboat戈U船生日：HappyBirthd

29、ay!生日快乐makeabirthdaycard制作生日卡片haveabirthdayparty举力、生日派对haveagreatbirthday过愉快的生日交通工具：bybus乘公共汽车bycar乘小汽车bybike骑自行车byplane乘飞机byship乘轮船bytrain坐火车onfoot步行词组：flykites或者flyakite放风筝gotoseefilms去看电影watchTV看电视playcomputergames玩电脑游戏haveapicnic吃野餐gotoschool去上学gohome回家gotothepark去公园gotomiddleschool去上中学gotobed去睡

30、觉gothere去那里goshopping去购物gotothedoctor去看病saygoodnight道晚安flyaway飘走makeavideo制作录像makemistakes犯错误writealetter写信writeabook写书takepictures=takephotos照相listentomusic听音乐readabook读书readstories读故事dohomework做作业makeacake做蛋糕makedumplings做饺子washclothes洗衣服makeane-card制作电子卡片rideahorse骑马climbmountains爬山climbtrees爬树ha

31、vealovelytime玩的开心askquestions问问题makealist列清单shoppinglist购物单collectstamps收集邮票singsongs唱歌turnleft向左转cleantheclassroom清扫教室eatfastfood吃快餐turnright向右转gostraighton直走haveacold感冒haveaheadache头疼havebreakfast吃早餐havelunch吃午餐havesupper吃晚餐=havedinnerhaveabaseballteam组建棒球队comeon力口油comein进来comefrom来自=befromcomebac

32、k回来clickon点击goupthehill上山godownthehill下山playwithdolls玩洋娃娃findout查找begoodat擅长bringback归还outof往外ofcourse当然可以inEnglish用英语allovertheworld=allaroundtheworld全世界standup起立sitdown坐下attheweekend在周末notatall一点也不getup起床geton上车getoff下车inahurry匆忙nextto挨着turnonthelight翻开灯pointto指向talkabout谈论talktosb和某人谈话giveout分发wr

33、itetosb给某人写信sayhellotosb向某人打招呼缩写：thePRC=thePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUSA=theUnitedStatesofAmerica美国theUN=theUnitedNations联合国theUK=theUnitedKingdom英国十五.句型1 .介词后加动词ing形式It'sforplayingbaseball.2 .说某种语言用speakWearegoingtospeakChinese.IcanspeakEnglish.HecanspeakFrench.ClassThree.Ourpicnicis

34、wet.Mynewspaperisflyingaway.Theseducksareverynoisy.Theorangesarefalling.Thesepostcardsaregreat.6 .询问天气用What'stheweatherlike?或者Howistheweather?描述天气用动词或者be+表示天气的形容词It'sgoingtosnowinHarbin.It'sgoingtorainsoon.Itsgoingtobesunnytomorrow.7 .在星期几,具体的某一天用onIhadaveryfunnydayonSaturday.onTeachersD

35、ayonFlagDayonThanksgivingDay8 .look表示看,看起来lookat表示看某物某人see表示看见lookoutof往外看Look!Heisrunning.Itlooksgood.Icanseeyou.Wearelookingatsomeducks.Iamlookingoutofthewindow.3.辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用anahotdogacaranhouranicecreamanappleanorangeanegganemailananimalanelephant4.想做某事wanttodosomethingWhatdoyouwanttoeat?Whatd

36、oyouwanttodrink?DoyouwanttogotoChinatown?Iwanttogoswimming.想让某人做某事wantsomebodytodosthIwantedyoutobringthebaseballcaps.Iwantyoutobemyfriends.5.be动词包括am,is,are.用法我接am你接are,is跟着他她它.单数不可数用is,复数用are.IaminClassOne.YouareinClassTwo.HeisinLookatthisone.9 .名词所有格表示某人的,一般在名词词尾加s.I'mmakingDaming'sbirthd

37、aycard.10 .球类前不加the,乐器前加theDamingisplayingthetrumpet.Icanplaytheviolin.I'mgoingtoplayfootballwithmyfriends.11 .在某年,某月,某季节,在上午,下午,晚上用ininOctober2003in1809inspringinthemorningintheafternoonintheevening15. beproudof为感到自豪Hewasveryproudofhim.16. 许多的lotsof等于alotof后加复数名词或者不可数名词many后加复数名词much后加不可数名词lots

38、ofpeoplelotsofmistakesmanybooksmuchmilkIlikereadingandswimming.17. What'sthematter?怎么了？18. 在某一时刻用atWearegoingtohaveapartyathalfpastsix.19. let's等于letus后加动词原形Let'sgo.Let'ssendanemailtoDad.20. Hereyouare.给你！21. some用于肯定句中,any用于否认句和疑问句中Iamsendingsomephotos.IcanspeaksomeEnglish.Theseares

39、omestampsfromCanada.Thereweren'tanytelevisionsmanyyearsago.HaveyougotanyAmericanstamps?20. too当"也用时,放在句尾.Thecolaisfalling,too.too还可以当"太"讲It'stoobigforyou.toomany太多Therearetoomanybooksonthedesk.22. ThankyouforThankyouforyouremail.Thankyoufortalkingtous.23. Whatabout?等于Howabout?

40、后加名词,代词宾格,动词ing形式.Whataboutchopsticks?Howaboutyou?Whataboutswimming?24. buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.给某人买某物Iboughtyouabook.=Iboughtabookforyou.23. givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.给某人某物PleasegivethesepencilstoAmy.=PleasegiveAmythesepencils.Hegivespresentstothechildren.GrandmagivesDamingapresent.24. learntodosth学

41、会做某事Helenlearnedtospeak.Latershelearnedtoread.25. 喜欢做某事likedoingsth.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikesplayingthe26. bereadyfor为.做好准备Areyoureadyforyourtriptomorrow?27. -Happybirthdaytoyou.-Thankyou.28. -Thankyouverymuch.-Youarewelcome./That'sallright.29. -I'msorry.-Itdoesn'tmatter./Notatall./T

42、hat'sallright.That'sallright.=That'sokay/OK.30. -Nicetomeetyou.-Nicetomeetyou,too.31. -Howareyou?-I'mfine,thankyou.32. -Howdoyoudo?-Howdoyoudo?33. -Wouldyouliketocometoschoolwithus?-Yes,I'dloveto.34.-Wouldyoulikesomejuice?-Yes,please.-Wouldyoulikesomebread?-No,thanks.35.-Whatsthe

43、datetoday?-It'sJune1.36.-CanIaskyousomequestions?-Yes,ofcourse37. thesameas与一样LineAisthesameasLineB.38. waitfor.等候某人某物Waitforus.39.should应该shouldn't不应该后加动词原形Youshouldeatfruit.Youshouldn'twalkintheroad.41. Whatdoyouhaveforbreakfast?-Ihaveeggs.42. atschool在学校athome在家onTV43. 感慨句WhataninterestingCD-ROM!Whatamess!Whatabigbuilding!Whatafantasticpresent!44. Whathappenedtohim?45. -Doyoulikemeat?-Yes,Ido