上海牛津英语5B语法知识点复习

1、上海牛津英语5B语法知识点复习5B语法知识点复习M1U1 What a mess1. What a mess!多么混乱啊= How mess it is!感叹句 what引导的句型 What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！e.g. What a nice present it is!它是一件多么好的礼物啊！How引导的句型 How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！e.g. How careful she is!她多么细心啊！2. 代词 形容词性物主代词后面一般要带上名词e.g. my watch, his cousin, our schoolG）名词性物主代词本身就可以看作是名

2、词，故其后不能再加名词，可 单独使用。e.g.- Is that your bike? - No. Mine is blue.-那是你的自行车么？-不。我的（自行车）是蓝的。名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词+名词e.g. This is her scarf. = This scarf is hers. 这是她的围 巾。人称代词我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代词我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性 物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性 物主代词mineyourshi

3、shersitsoursyourstheirs我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他们自己反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves3. whose 提问谁的 e.g. - Whose school bag is this? - It s mine.-这是谁的书包？ -它是我的（书包）。4. 复数this这 -these这些 that那 -those那些5. tidy up the room 整理房间6. on the sofa 在沙发上7. 名词所有格 Ben and Kitty '

4、s bedroom （两者共有的房间）Ben's and Kitty's bedroom （两者各自的房间）8. a lot of许多（既可用在可数名词也可以用在不可数名词）=many （可数）=much （不可数）9. should应该（情态动词）should + do （动词原形）e.g. We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。11. be careful 小心10. fall onto the floor 落在地上12. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物13. pick up 捡起M1U2 Watch it

5、 grow1. 一般过去时定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。（关键）just now , yesterday , last week , this morning等。构成：主语+动词的过去式+其他动词过去式的变化规则：般在动词原形末尾力口ed e.g. play - played, listen - listened , want - wanted , enjoy enjoyed结尾是 e 的动词,加 d e.g. live - lived , like - liked , taste - tasted辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，变 y为i,再加ed e.g. study - st

6、udied , cry - cried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加 ed e.g. stop - stopped, plan - planned不规则变化am/is - was, are - were, have - had, come - came, become - became, make - made, eat - ate, put - put2. an interesting insect 一种有趣的昆虫3. a green caterpillar 一条绿色的毛毛虫4. like eating leaves 喜欢吃叶子 like doing sth. 喜

7、欢（做）某事5. a brown cocoon 一个棕色的茧子6. make a lot of silk 产许多的蚕丝7. come out 出来8. lay eggs 产蛋9. cry in my bed 在我的床上哭泣10. born出生 be born in, on等，表示“出生的时间，地点”e.g. Little Justine is born in a riverI was born on May 5 , in Shanghai.11. catch flies/catch a fly 抓苍蝇12. First Next - Then Finally 首先M1U3 How noisy1

8、. 动词过去式不规则变化：do - did ,2. want to read a book 想要读一本书3. sit on the sofa 坐在沙发上5. at City Square 在城市广场7. have a great fun 玩得愉快小贾斯汀出生在一条河里。我在5月5日出生于上海。其次-然后-最后hear - heard, sit - sat, can - could want to do sth.想要做某事4. watch a cartoon 看动画片6. enjoy the loud music喜欢喧闹的音乐8. play sth. for sb. = play sb. sth

9、.为某人表演（演奏）9. loud - louder （比较级）-loudest （最高级）表示两者"比较”时用比较级，结构为：比较级+ than,表示"xx比xxx更”形容词比较级的构成规则：般在词尾力口 er e.g. taller, longer, stronger, younger字母 e 结尾，只力口 r e.g. late later, nice nicer以辅音字母+ y结尾，变y为i,再加 er e.g. heavy heavier双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 er e.g. fat fatter, thin thinner, big bigger双音节和多音节

10、词的比较级，在原级前加 more e.g. more beautiful , more careful不规则变化e.g. good-better, many / much-more, far-farther, bad / ill-worse三个或三个以上的人或物进行比较，用形容词最高级结构为：the +形容词最高级+ in/of等表示范围的短语，表示"最”。e.g. He wants to hear the loudest noise in the world.他想听到世界上最大的噪声。10. must必须（情态动词）must + do （动词原形）11. after that从那以

11、后12. become quiet 变得安静了M2U1 Food and drinks1. havefor breakfast 为早餐准备了。2. sound healthy 听起来健康3. either表示也，通常只用于 否定句，且要放在 句末e.g. I don't know, either.我也不知道。too表示也，一般用在 肯定句 中，放在句末e.g. I am going to see the film, too.我也正打算去看电影。4. sth. is important = It s important to do sth.e.g. Breakfast is import

12、ant.（早餐是重要的。）=It ' important to have breakfast.（吃早餐很重要。）5. favourite . = like beste.g. Apples are my favourite food.（苹果是我最喜欢的食物）=I like apples best.（我最喜欢苹果。）6. keep away 远离，离远一点 e.g. An apple a day keeps the doctor away! 一天一苹果，医生远离我sb. keep sth./sb. away 某人离某物/某人远一点e.g. We must keep the matches

13、away from the fire.我们必须使这些火柴远离火烛。keep sb./sth. （away） from sth./sb. 让远离e.g. Keep the child away from the barking dog. 让这小孩离那只狂叫的狗远一些。7. 名词复数 tomato - tomatoes ; potato - potatoes ; mango - mangoes （芒果）;hero - heroes （英雄）8. 反义，healthy - unhealthy 健康-不健康；happy - unhappy 高兴-不高兴9. in the fridge 在冰箱里10.

14、a hole in the wall 墙上一个洞11. do some exercise 做一些锻炼exercise不可数名词.（身体或脑部的）活动，锻炼，运动 e.g. take exercise锻炼身体可数名词.（保持健康或培养技能的）一套动作，训练活动，练习e.g. do morning exercises做早操12. sth. happen to sb.表示某人出了某事（常指不好的事发生在某人身上）"e.g. What happened to you? = What was wrong / the matter with you? 你怎么啦？sb. happen to do

15、sth.表示某人碰巧做某事13. in the end 最后M2U2 Films1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称I和We,表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时。Shall后面接动词原形。e.g. We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的Shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。e.g. What shall we do this evening? 今晚我们能做什么?2. There are three films on at City Cinema . 在城市影院有三部电影在上映。句意有两个部分，第一部分要断在on,即：th

16、ere are three films on -有三部电影在上映（be on -上映）；第二部分 at city cinema -在城市影院3. which 提问哪一个，哪一些 e.g. Which one do you want to see?你想看哪一个?4. next time 下一次6. ticket office 售票处8. have a look 看一看10. takeinto a forest带进入一个森林12. fall asleep 入睡14. find out 找到5. leave home 离开豕7. start in five minutes在五分钟内开场9. a ma

17、gic mirror 一面魔法镜子11. fair - fairest公平的 -最公平的13. wake up醒过来15.反义词 fall asleep - wake up 入目i -醒过来；entrance - exit 入口 -出口M2U3 School subjects1. what about (doing) sth. = how about (doing) sth.2. It's time to do sth = it's time for + 名词 e.g. It's time for class. = It's time to have class

18、.3. have a short break 稍作休息 =have a rest4. from to表示从至；从至Ue.g. Lunch is from eleven to two. 从H一点到两点开午饭。5. because表示原因，语气较强，可用来回答 why提出的问题-Because it is interesting. 因为它彳艮有趣。7. count from one to ten 从数至 U十9. look at his paper carefully 仔细看他的纸11. at first起初，当初2. No swimming! = Don ' t swim止游泳!不要乱扔

19、垃圾！e.g. - Why do you like English ? 你为什么喜欢英语?6. learn things every day 每天学东西8. on the paper 在纸上10. colour his picture给他的图画上色12. at last终于；结果M3U1 Signs1. No smoking! = Don ' t smoket吸烟！3. Don' t litter! =Don' t leave rubbis!h= No littering!4. Don ' t walk on the grass!不要践踏草坪！不要骑自行车!5.

20、 Don ' t ride your bicycle = No bicycles!6. Don ' t play football. = No footballs!不要踢足球！7. Don ' t wallyour dog here. = No dogs!不要把你的狗带到这！8. - What does the sign mean? = What's the meaning of the sign? 这个标志是什么意思?-It means 它的意思是。9. have a picnic 举行里予餐10. want to do sth. 想要做某事11. must必

21、须（情态动词） mustn '禁止/不允许must / mustn ' + do （动词原形）13. on the bench 在长椅上15. on the way to 在去。的路上17. say to herself对她自己说19. in the middle of 在。中间21. come back later 一会回来23. follow them back home 跟着他们回家25. be happy to do sth.高兴做某事12. get out of here 从这出去14. throw rubbish 扔垃圾16. leave them in the f

22、orest把他们留在森林里18. take the children into the forest 带孩子们进入森林20. stay here待在这里22. be lost 迷路24. find their way back home 找到他们回家的路M3U2 Weather1. What ' s the weather like today? =How is the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?2. help my pants grow 帮助我的植物生长help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 e.g. Peter helps his brother do

23、his homework.Peter 帮助弟弟做回家作业。3. blow my plants down 吹倒我的植物4. make my plant strong 让我的植物茁壮成长5. - What was the temperature ? 温度是多少？ - It was twenty degrees. 二十度。6. weather report 天气预报7. thirty-two degrees 三十二度8. the East China Sea 中国东海9. heavy rain and a strong wind 狂风暴雨10. not at all 一点也不11. a long t

24、ime ago 很久以前12. build a new house 建了一座新房子13 enjoy oneself 过得快乐M3U3 Changes1. give sb. sth. 给某人某物2. move the furniture 移动家具4. look different看起来不同6. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事8. a big city 一个大城市10. other countries 其他国家12. The Shanghai History Museum 上海历史博物馆14. a lot of photos of old Shanghai 许多老上海的照片M

25、4U1 Museums1. play the piano very well 弹钢琴很好3. help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事4. be useful 有用的6. art museum 美术馆8. insect museum 昆虫博物馆10. railway museum 铁路博物馆11. why为什么，提问原因回答要用e.g. give him a surprise 给他一个惊喜3. next to the wall 挨着墙5. What else ? 还有什么？7. many years ago 许多年以前9. a lot of tall buildings 许多高楼11.

26、the story of Shanghai 上海的故事13. many other things 许多其他东西2. perform Beijing Opera 表演京居 1e.g. help firefighters put out fires帮助消防员灭火5. science museum 科技馆7. history museum 历史博物馆9. car museum 汽车博物馆e.g. - Why do you want to visit car museum?-Because I want to see different cars.because 因为你为什么想去参观汽车博物馆?因为我

27、想看不同的汽车。12. learn about 学到关于。13. The Louvre Museum 卢浮宫博物馆15. many different cultures 许多不同的文化17. the Mona Lisa 蒙娜丽莎19. on one trip在一次旅行中2. in the UK在英国4. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节6. each other 互相8. hide a lot of eggs 藏许多蛋10. go trick-or-treating 玩不给糖果就捣乱的游戏12. have a family dinner 举行家庭聚餐14. cut a

28、face 剪一张脸16. throw it away 扔掉它18. dress like 像。一样打扮20. play a trick on sb.对某人恶作剧2. run away 逃跑4. put up a sign 放了一个标志6. look out of the window 看向窗外14. human history 人类历史16. thousands of 成千上万18. the world ' s most famous paintings上最著名的画20. again and again 一次又一次M4U2 Western holidays1. talk to sb. 和某人交谈3. on the Internet 在网上5. give sth. to sb.给某人某物7. go on Easter egg hunts 进行复活节彩蛋活动9. make jack-o'-lanterns 做南瓜灯11. eat pumpkin pies and pumpkin bread 吃南瓜派和南瓜面包13. de