新视野大学英语3 Unit 2 Iron and the effects of exercise

1、Iron and the Effects of ExerciseHow much do you know about iron? Take the quiz and check if you know it! Everyone needs iron to grow and stay healthy. It is found in many parts of the body. Choose one thing iron does in your body:a. It helps your fingernails stay smooth.b. It helps to carry oxygen f

2、rom lungs to cells.c. It helps your hair stay healthy.d. It helps to strengthen your muscles.Iron ChallengeQuestion 1 / 10 B1. The answer is B. Iron carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. Iron also builds red blood cells. Without enough iron, you may feel tired and have trouble co

3、ncentrating.Everyone requires a different amount of dietary iron to stay healthy. Which of the groups below needs the most iron each day?Iron ChallengeQuestion 2 / 10 a. infants,7-12 months oldb. teen girls,14- 18 years oldc. men,19-50 years oldd. women,19- 50 years oldDWomen 1950 years old need mor

4、e iron than any other age group. Women need the most iron because they lose varying amounts during the menstruation.2. The answer is D.There are two types of iron. One is heme(亚铁血红素亚铁血红素), which is easily absorbed by the body; and the other is non-heme, which is not as well absorbed. Choose one food

5、 thatcontains heme iron. Iron ChallengeQuestion 4 / 10 a. bran flakesb. beef hamburgerc. eggsd. red kidney beansB4. The answer is B. Heme iron is found in all meat, fish and poultry. Non-heme iron, which is not so well absorbed, can be found in foods such as nuts, beans, cereals and eggs.Meat, fish

6、and poultry contain different amounts of heme iron. Choose the food with the most heme iron.Iron ChallengeQuestion 5 / 10 a. salmon steakb. beef tenderloinc. chicken breastd. pork tenderloinBtenderloin: （牛、羊等的）腰部嫩肉；Redder or darker meats tend to have more heme iron. For example, chicken legs (dark m

7、eat) has more heme iron than chickenbreast (light meat).5. The answer is B. You may be iron deficient if you _. Iron ChallengeQuestion 6 / 10 a. often feel tiredb. look palec. have difficulty concentratingd. all of the aboveDSymptoms of iron deficiency may include: looking pale, feeling tired, havin

8、g trouble concentrating, feeling out of breath, not havingenough energy, and feeling irritable. 6. The answer is D. The amount of non-heme iron you absorb is affected by other foods. Choose one food that increases the absorption of non-heme iron.Iron ChallengeQuestion 7 / 10 a. orangesb. whole grain

9、 breadsc. yoghurtd. teaAOranges are a good source of vitamin C, which can increase the amount of non-heme iron absorbed by up to four times. Meat, fish and poultry can also increase the absorption of non-heme iron.Substances in tea and coffee can lower theamount of non-heme iron your body can use. 7

10、. The answer is A (oranges).Iron ChallengeQuestion 10 / 10 A good way to maintain a healthy level of iron in the body is to _. a. eat iron-fortified breakfast cereals oftenb. enjoy a variety of meat dishes on a regular basisc. include vitamin C-rich vegetables in your mealsd. do all of these All of

11、theseD1、endure v. 1) 忍耐;忍受 2) 持续;持久 endurance n.耐久（力），持久（力）；忍耐，忍耐力 endurable adj. 1)可忍受的 2) 能持久的；耐用的2、deficient adj. 不足的，缺乏的；有缺陷的；不充分的； deficiency n. 1) 缺乏，缺少，不足 2) 缺点;缺陷;瑕疵3、moderate adj. 1) (政治观点或政策)温和的，不激进的 2) (人或团体)温和的，稳健的 3) 中等的;普通的;适度的；适量的 v. (使)缓和;(使)减轻;(使)减弱;节制5、journal n. 1)（尤指某专门学科的）杂志，刊物

12、2) 日报，周报，报（常用于报纸名称中）magazine： 指刊登各种文章、小说、诗歌、评议的杂志。 6、consume v. 1) 吃喝，饮用 2) 消耗，耗费(燃料、能源或时间) 3) 烧毁，吞没，吞噬 4)(使)沉溺，(使)沉迷，(使)充满(感情或思想)eg: The memories consumed him.7、amount: 数量，金额，总额 后接(不可数名词)an amount of；a ( great, large ) amount of；amounts ofeg：He made a large amount of money.*修饰名词做主语时，其谓语取决于amount的数e

13、g：A large amount of money was spent on the house. Large amounts of money were spent on the house.8、menstruate v. menstruation n. period n.9、red meat: 未煮前颜色是红色的肉类（尤指牛、羊肉） dark meat: 黑肉（指禽类的腿等部分烧不白的肉）10、in an effort to do sth 努力尝试做某事11、restrict v. 1)限制，限定 （大小、规模等） 2)约束，限制(活动或行为) 12、liable adj. 1)有可能的，

14、有倾向的，易于的eg：be liable to catch cold / come today 2)（在法律上）有责任的，有义务的eg：Im not liable for other peoples debts.13、tip over the edge 引起显著变化; (使)进入另一种状态eg：The continuous high-temperature climate tipped the drought here over the edge into more seriousness.14、digest v. 1) 消化,吸收eg: She couldnt digest food pro

15、perly. 2) 理解;领会;领悟eg: They seem to need time to digest the information. 3) 慢慢接受(令人不快的消息) * digestive: 消化的;助消化的eg：digestive biscuit (全麦)消化饼干 to do sth.15、impact n. 1) 影响;作用eg: have an impact on 2) 撞击;碰撞;撞击力eg: That man must die on v. 1) 撞击;冲击;碰撞16、leak v. 1) 漏；渗漏；泄漏eg: The roof leaked. 2) 走漏；泄露；透露eg:

16、 We dont know how the information leaked. n. 1) 裂缝；漏隙；漏洞 2) 泄露；泄露物17、fatigue n. 疲惫;疲劳;疲倦 fatigues n.(士兵的)作训服，工作服fatiguedfatiguing18、calculate v. 1)计算eg：From this you can calculate the total number. 2)估算;估计;推算;预料eg：I believe I can calculate the political consequences.19、state n. 1)国家，州，政府 2)情况，状态，情况e

17、g：in a fit state to do 3)心态，心情eg：I was in a terrible state because nobody could understand me. v. 1)声称，宣称，声明(以口头或书面形式正式或明确地)eg：We are just friends, she stated. The police report stated that he was arrested for stealing. 20、talk with sb. 与交谈 talk to sb. 同（某人）谈话eg：I am talking to Tom.(强调I单方面的对Tom 在谈话）

18、 I am talking with Tom.(强调I和Tom在相互谈话） talk about sth.：讨论，谈论；考虑（做）；21、modify v.1)修改;变更;改进eg：The members agreed to modify their policy. 2)修饰;限定22、yearly adj. 每年的；一年一度的； eg：yearly income adv.每年；一年一度；* monthly; daily23、undo v.1)解开；松开；打开eg：I undid the two buttons of my yellow shirt. 2)撤销；抵消；消除eg：What he

19、did may undo the good impression. 3)破坏；毁掉eg：Our folly has undone us. 24、derive v. 1)获得;取得;得到 derive sth. from sb. or sth.eg：She always derives pleasure from helping others. 2)（使）起源于;（使）来自eg：Her strength is derived from her parents .25、select v.选择；挑选；选拔 adj.精选的；优等的；高级的；第一流的26、content n. k:ntent 1)内容

20、2)目录 3)含量;成分 v. kntent 1)使(自己)满足(于) adj. 1)满足的;知足的 eg： be content with / to do sth. 2)满意的;惬意的27、interfere v. 1)干涉;干预;介入 interfere ineg：I dont want to interfere in your privacy. 2)打扰;妨碍;冲突;抵触 interfere witheg：These problems frequently interfered with his work.28、sum up 1)合计，总计eg：Your marks sum up to

21、508. 2)总结，归纳，概括 * to sum upeg：Then he summed up our opinions.29、striking adj. 1）引人注目的;异乎寻常的;显著的 2）妩媚动人的;标致的;俊秀的eg：She is a striking woman with long black hair.30、remedy v.纠正;补救;矫正eg：The board has taken many steps to remedy the situation. n. 1) 补救办法；纠正办法eg：Your only remedy is to appeal to law 2) 药品;治

22、疗方法eg：So far, there is no known remedy for cancer.1、use up 用光；用完；用尽2、tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事3、in the hands of 在的掌握中；由处理4、in the case of 至于；就来说；对而言5、moderate和modest的区别：moderate：You use moderate to describe something that is neither large nor small in amount or degree. 指不多不少刚刚好的，适当的，或合理的限度。modest：You u

23、se modest to describe something such as an amount, rate, or improvement which is fairly small. 指数量，体积，价值等不大的，不过分的，不高的。按照程度排序：no, small, modest, moderate, extensive独立主格结构m独立主格结构（Absolute structure）由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随

24、、目的等。m表示时间: Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. m表示条件: The condition being favourable, he may succeed. m表示原因: There being no taxis, we had to walk. m表示伴随情况: Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best of all. 一般独立主格形式m名词/主格代词+现在分词：主动关系m名词/主格代词+过去分词：被动关系m名词/主格代词+不定式：主动关系，且是一

25、次具体性的动作eg：They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. m名词/主格代词+形容词：So many people absent, the meeting had to be called offm名词/主格代词+副词：The meeting over, they all went home.m名词/主格代词+介词短语：The boy goes to the classroom,book in hand.m名词/主格代词+名词：Two hundred people d

26、ied in the accident, many of them children. take down 记录；记下；取下 take in 吸收；领会 take on 承担；担当 take up 开始从事rewrite 重写；改写；修改 （they write it in a different way in order to improve it. ）revise 修改；修正；修订 （adjust）reverse （使）反转；（使）颠倒；换掉；交换reveal 显露；揭露；泄露sustain 维持；支撑；支持；遭受；忍受（ If you sustain something such as a defeat, loss, or injury, it happens to you.）suffer 遭受；忍受 （pain，illness，bad cond