Nervoustissue神经组织解剖PPT学习教案

1、会计学1Nervoustissue神经组织解剖神经组织解剖第1页/共21页Low porwer of Spinal cord脊髓Gray matter 灰质White matter 白质 This specimen is elliptic in shape. In the center of it there is an H shaped structure, the gray matter, stained deeply.The thicker horns are anterior horns. 样本椭圆形，中央深染的样本椭圆形，中央深染的H形结构即为灰质。前角比较宽形结构即为灰质。前角比较

2、宽。Anterior horns前角Posterior horn 后角第2页/共21页Low porwer(10):The multipolar neurons can be found in the anterior horns of the gray matter. The cell bodies can be round or ovoid. The other smaller and round nucleus are the nucleus of glial cell. 低倍镜低倍镜10*:在灰质前角可见成群排列的多极神经元在灰质前角可见成群排列的多极神经元，胞体圆形或卵圆。另外可以看

3、到神经胶质细胞，核较，胞体圆形或卵圆。另外可以看到神经胶质细胞，核较小，圆形。小，圆形。white mattergray mattermotor neuron第3页/共21页High power (40) :The nucleus of multipolar neurons is large, round, palely stained, centrally located and with a prominent nucleolus. The cytoplasm contains many granular areas, the Nissl bodies, stained in dark b

4、lue color.Nissl bodiesglial cell.(Motor neurons)(chromatin) (nucleolus )(nuclear membrane )高倍镜40*：多及神经元的核大而圆，淡染，位于胞体中央，核仁明显。胞质含有许多染成紫蓝色呈块状或粒状分布的尼氏体（名解）。第4页/共21页(axon)(dendrite)(hillock)(multipolar neuron of spinal cord)High power: Every multipolar neurons only have one axon and several dendrites.Axo

5、n hillock is the marked site of origin of the axon. In axon hillock ,the Nissle body is deficient.多极神经元只有一条轴突，但有多个树突。轴丘是轴突的起始部位，染色淡，没有尼氏体。第5页/共21页Nissl body：RERFree ribosome第6页/共21页Neurofibrils can be found in neurons when they are impregnated with silver. With low magnification,examine the anterior

6、 of the spinal cord, to identify the giant yellow or brown multipolar neurons.Then shift to high power.The neurofibril form a dense Network in the perikaryon. But in the processes they run parallel to each other . 神经原纤维)Neurofibrils高倍镜40*：浸银染色条件下，神经元里可以看到神经原纤维，棕褐色，细丝状。在低倍镜下，辨认脊髓前角和后角，可见前角有许多体积较大的棕色多

7、级神经元。再转到高倍镜下观察，神经原纤维在核周体交织成网，但在突起内则平行排列。第7页/共21页神经原纤维)Dark and button-like synaptic bodies can be found on the body and dendrite of neurons.(synapse)High power(40)高倍镜40*：扣结样深染的突触小体在胞体和树突上清晰可见。第8页/共21页w Synapse: presynaptic element (contains neuronfilaments,synaptic vesicles,mitochondria), synaptic c

8、left, postsynaptic element (receptors and ions channels)w突触：突触前成分（含有神经丝，突触小泡，线粒体），突触间隙，突触后成分（有受体和离子通道）。第9页/共21页3.myelinated nerve fiber有髓神经纤维(HE,NO.27-1,27-2)Cross section of sciatic nerve坐骨神经横切面HE, Low powerLongitudinal section of sciatic nerve 坐骨神经纵切面HE, Low power(nerve bundle)(nerve bundle)(Nerve

9、)epineurium(Perineurium)(epineurium)第10页/共21页High power(40):Longitudinal section of myelinated nerve fibers (Myelin sheath)(Node of Ranvier)(axon)(nucleus of Shchwanns cell )Axon: appears as a thread shaped, centrally located structure, stained in purple-red color.Myelin sheath: envelopes the axon,

10、stained in light red color or presenting a foamy appearance.The nucleus of Shchwanns cell :is elongated and located approximately halfway between 2 adjacent nodes and appear to lie in indentation of the myelin.高倍镜40*：有髓神经纤维纵切面- 轴突：螺纹状，居中，染成紫红色。郎氏结处无髓鞘，轴膜裸露。（名解）髓鞘：包绕轴突，染成淡红色，或成泡沫样（类脂被溶解）。施万细胞核：狭长形，位于

11、髓鞘边缘，相邻的两个郎氏结中间。第11页/共21页myelinated nerve fiber(cross section-low power)第12页/共21页Each nerve fiber appears as a round structure. The central dot shaped structure is the axon, which is surrounded by myelin sheath, stained in very light color or being foamy. The nucleus of Schwanns cell presents a roun

12、d shape. 横断面成圆形，中央淡红色圆点为轴突。轴突的外周是髓鞘，淡染或泡状。边缘可见圆形的施万细胞核。myelinated nerve fiber(cross section-high power)(axon)(Myelin sheath)(Shchwanns cell)axons第13页/共21页Myelin sheath: consists of myelin and protein.髓鞘：由髓磷脂和蛋白质组成。第14页/共21页4.sensory nerve ending感觉神经末梢(tactile corpuscles触觉小体, HE,NO.91 )(skin)(nonkera

13、tinized stratified squamous epithelim)(Meissner corpuscles)Low power(10 ): tactile corpuscles are located in the dermal papillae, they are elongated structures composed of a thick connective capsule. They usually oval shaped. 低倍镜低倍镜10*：触觉小体位于真皮乳头内，为卵圆形突起结构，外包结缔组织被囊。：触觉小体位于真皮乳头内，为卵圆形突起结构，外包结缔组织被囊。第15

14、页/共21页High power (40 ) :tactile corpuscle: is enveloped by connective tissue, with a few layers of pinacocyte in it, which constitute the connective tissue cradle of the tactile corpuscle.高倍镜40*：触觉小体内有许多扁平横列的细胞，外包结缔组织被囊。第16页/共21页5.sensory nerve ending感觉神经末梢(lamellar corpuscle环层小体, )(skin)(lamellar corpuscle)Low power(10 ) :lamellar corpuscle can be found in the deep layer of the dermis. You can see an oval corpuscle with many layers of concentric arranged pinacocytes.低倍镜10*：环层小体位于真皮深层，为圆形或卵圆形呈同心圆排列的结构。第17页/共21页Cells group