情态动词表推测的讲解及练习题

1、键入文字九年级英语表推测语气的讲解与练习表推测时，英语中只使用must,may,might,mayno蚌口cant。这五个表达的语气依次递减：must:一定（语气肯定）may:也许（不很肯定）might:或许（比may语气更弱）maynot:也许不（表否定）cant:定不（must的反义）推测现在的事情用must,may,might,maynot和cant+do或bee.g.Shemustbeathomenow.Theboymayplaynow.推测过去的.情用must,may,might,maynot和cant+havedonee.g.Shemighthavebeen川yesterday.H

2、emusthaveholdtheparty.情态动词must,can,could,may,migh表推测的用法情态动词中的must,can,could,may,mighty表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can/could次之，may/might最小。具体用法如下：1.must的用法（1）表示推测可能性”时，意思是定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。HemustbeAmerican.=ItiscertainthatheisAmerican.他准是个美国人。（2） must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can如询问某种可能时，应用carloHemustknowmya

3、ddress.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）Hecantknowmyaddres他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Canheknowmyaddress?他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3） must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。Hemusthaveacarnow.（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。Hemustbedoinghisexercisesintheclassroom（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。Hemusthavefinishedthework.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用Hemustcometomorrow可

4、用Itscertain/Imsurethathewillcometomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。Hemustbeaworker,isn（处的他准是个工人，是吗？Itmusthaverainedlastnight,didn（过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？键入文字YoumusthavelearnedEnglishformanyyears,haven(IctJyfeU?你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2.can/could的用法(1) can表示推测可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Ca

5、nt一定不，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是芸、可能”。用于肯定句时，表示理论上的，潜在的可能性(有倾向，实际上未必会发生或者不涉及实际是否发生)往往与sometimes或者someone有关。Accidentscanhappen.Hecantbehome.=Itisimpossiblethatheisathome.他一定不在家。(2) can/can后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。Theycantbereadinginthelibra他们一定不在图书馆读书。HecanthavegonetoShanghaiforIsawhimaminuteago.他不可能

6、去了上海，我刚才还看见他。Itssolate.Wherecanhavegone?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？(3)在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can时，疑问部分的助动词应与can后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.Hecantbeateacher,isheW是教师，是吗？Shecanthavefinishedherhomework,hasshfeA定没有完成家庭作业，是不could可用于表示某事有可能发生表示可能性不大的推测。意思相当于may/mightDonteat.itItcouldbepoisonous.不要吃它，可能有毒。Theplanecouldbedelayedb

7、yfog.飞机可能会因为雾晚点。(5) could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothebusstation?Couldyouhelpme?(6) couldn表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。Itcouldntpoysbibpoison.这不可能是毒药。表示对过去发生的事推测，常常和havedone连用Hewasnotathomelastnight.Hecould/mighthavegonetomovies.Ididntseeheratthemeetingyesterday;shec

8、ouldnthavespokenatthemeeting.3.may和might的用法（1） may,might表示推测可能性”时，意思是可能、也许，语气没有mustHemay/mightbeAmerican.=ItispossiblethatheisAmerican.他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。键入文字（2） may,might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。Hemay/mightnotbeathome.他也许不在家。（3） may,might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。Hema

9、y/mightbesleepingnow.（现在）他可能正在睡觉。Theboymay/mightnotbewatchingTVathome.（现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视Thesestudentsmay/mighthaveseenthefilmbefore（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。（4） may,might还可以推测将来的情况。Ithinkweshouldtakeraincoatwithus,itmayrain.我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。Shemightnotcomethisafternoon.她今天下午可能不来能用于表推测的情态动词：must,can,could,wi

10、ll,would,may,might,should,oughtto1 .在肯定句中一般用must（一定），may（可能），might/could（也许，或许）（1） Hemust/may/mightknowtheanswertothisquestion?他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。（2） Itiscoldintheroom.Theymusthaveturnedofftheheating.屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。2 .否定句中用cant/couldnt（不可能）,maynot/mightnot（可能不）。（1） Itcant/couldntbetheheadmaster.Heha

11、sgonetoAmerica.这不可能是校长，他去美国了。（2） Hemaynot/mightnotknowthescientist.他也许不认识那位科学家。3 .疑问句中用can/could（能？）。（1） Couldhehavefinishedthetask?他可能把任务完成了吗？（2） Canhebeathomenow?他现在能在家吗？注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might,could并非may,can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。（二）情态动词表推测的三种时态5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词+动词原形(1) She

12、must/may/might/couldarrivebefore5.(2) Shemust/may/might/couldwalkmilesandmilesamongthehillswithoutmeeting键入文字anyone,她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用|“情态动词+be”|“情态动词+bedoing”或“情态动词+动词原形(1) Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。(2) Hecant(couldnt)/may(might)notbeath

13、omeatthistime.这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。(3) Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howcan(could)hebelatefortheopeningceremony?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？3.对过去情况的推测，用情态动词+have+过去分词(1) Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。(2) Thedoorwaslocked.Hecan(could)not/may(might)nothavebeenathome.门锁

14、着，他不可能/可能不在家。(3) Can/Couldhehavegottenthebook?难道他找到书了吗？注：情态动词should/oughtto表推测时，意为“想必会，理应但与have+过去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如：(4) Itssevenoclock.Jackshould/oughttobehereatanymoment.现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。(推测)(5) Sheshould/oughttohaveattendedyourbirthdayparty,butshehadtolookafterhermotherinhospital.(虚拟

15、)她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。(6) Tomshouldnot/oughtnottohavetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.(虚拟)汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。补充强调：推测的句型特点(对某一次的推测句型有两部分：语气和时态)(1)语气部分：(以下情态动词语气由强至弱)肯定句否定句疑问句must、maymight(=could)cant(=couldnt)、mayHt、mightncan、could(语气更加委婉不确定)(2)时态部分：be表示对觇在|的推测havedone表示对|过去|的推测bedoing表示对正在进行

16、的推测语气部分写在前时态部分写在后，组合在一起就是推测(三)几组表推测的情态动词用法键入文字情态动词+完成时”是历年高考的热点，在做此类练习时，既需要掌握这一结构的基本用法，又应该仔细体会题干所提供的语言信息，准确理解语言环境和说话人的含义，尤其要注意题干中时态给予的暗示。定，想必”，句子中表示的是cant(couldn)thavedone,l.musthavedone表示对已经发生的事情的推测，意为种肯定的推测。这种结构一般只用于肯定句，其否定形式是表示不可能，肯定不会”。例如：Hedidnthearthephone.Hemusthavebeenasleep.他没有听到电话响，他肯定是已经睡

17、着了。HemusthavebeentoShanghai.他一定去过上海。Theycanthavegoneout,becausethelightisonfe们不可能出去，因为灯亮着。2. can(could)havedone表示对过去的时间内可能发生的事情的猜测，canhavedone般只用于否定句和疑问句。couldhavedone还可以用于肯定句，常用来表示本来可能完成而实际未完成的动作。例如：Hecanthavefinishedtheworksosoon这项工作他不可能完成得这样快。Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation,itwassonear.我们本来是可以走到车站去

18、的，路很近。3. may(might)havedone(1)表示对已经发生的事情的不太肯定的推测，意为可能已经，或许已经(2)虚拟用法表示本可以做，但却没做(表示很委屈地责备)Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.如果我们选择另一条路，我们可能会到得早一些。Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,hewasverybusy.他本来是可以给你更多帮助的，尽管他很忙。4. neednthavedone际上做了本来不必要做的事，意为茶来不必”。例如:thavehurried.Therewasplentyoftime.Sh

19、eneedn时间很充裕，她本不必匆忙。Youneednthavetoldhimthenews.他本来不必把这个消息告诉他。5. should(oughtto)havedone指本该做而实际未做的事，意为本来应该“。其否定式shouldntoughtn)thavedone则表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。例如：Youshouldhavestartedearlier,butyoudidnt.你本应该早一点出发，但是你没有。Yououghttohavehelpedhim(butyoudidn).t你本应该帮助他。Weshouldnthavewaitedforherbecauseshenevercam

20、e.我们本不应该等她，因为她根本不会来。6. Wouldhavedone本想做(去口没做)wouldnthavedone本不想做(去口做了)Iwouldhavehelpedyou,butIwastoobusy.我本想帮你，但我太忙了。小试牛刀、单项选择1 Johncometoseeustonight,butheisntverysureyet.A.mayB.needC.cantD.must2 Johnisntintheclassroom.HeplaysoccerontheplaygroundwithBob.键入文字A.canB.mustC.shouldD.can3 Thatnotbeherhus

21、band.Sheisstillsingle.A.mayB.canC.couldD.might4 Yougoandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyougotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.would5 -CanyouspeakJapanese?-No,I.A.mustntB.cantC.needntD.maynot6 -Hebeintheclassroom,Ithink.-No,hebeintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can;maynotB.must;maynotC.may;cantD.may;mustnt7-

22、IsLenaswimminginthepool?-No,sheswim.Sheisterrifiedofwater.A.maynotB.mustnotC.cantD.neednt8Heisntatschool.Ithinkhebeill.A.canB.shall9-Whatdoyouthink-Imnotsure.ItC.mustD.might“upsets?meamean“sad”.A.mayB.mustC.canD.should10 Thechildrenplayfootballontheroad.A.cantB.canC.mustntD.must11 .Theroadiswet.Itla

23、stnight.A.mustrainB.musthaverainedC.couldhaverainedD.canhaverained12 .Heyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.AmighthavegivenBmightnotgiveCmaynothavegivenDmaygive1. Look!Thelightisoutinherroom.Shetobedalready.A.mustgoB.hadtogoC.musthavegoneD.hasgone2. Wehadawonderfultimeyesterday.You.Whydidntyoucome?A.had

24、tocomeB.shouldhavecomeC.mighthavecomeD.musthavecome3. ITherewerealreadyfivepdopnthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.Itacomfortablejourney.A.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen4. MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,soheyourlecture.A.couldnthaveattendedB.neednthaveattended

25、键入文字C.mustnthaveattendedD.shouldnthaveattended5. Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youhomewithoutaword.A.mustntleaveB.ShouldnthaveleftC.CouldnthaveleftD.needntleave6. Oh,Imnotfeelingwellinthestomach,Iomuchfriedchickenjustnow.A.shouldntcutB.mustnthaveeatenC.shouldnthaveeatenD.mustnteat7. Mr.Whiteat8:30forthe

26、meeting,buthedidHtshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving8. Youbetired-youveonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.wontC.cantD.maynot9. -IsntthatAnnshusbandoverthere?-No,itbehim-Imsurehedoesntwearglasses.A.cantB.mustnotC.wontD.maynot10. Therebeanydifficultyabout

27、passingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt11. Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.Theyatlease150kmanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone12. Hehavecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldntbeenjo

28、yinghimselfbytheseaside.A.shouldB.mustC.wouldntD.cant13. -ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.-Oh,dear!Shealotofdifficulties!A.maygothroughB.mightgothroughC.oughttohavegonethroughD.musthavegonethrough14. Thiscakeisverysweet.Youalotofsugarinit.A.shouldputB.co

29、uldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput15. Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.Thanks.Youit.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needntdoB.neednthavedoneC.mustntdoD.shouldnthavedone16. Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?Somethingtohim.A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened情态动词+haved

30、one结构1.-YoudidntwaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-No,butwe.Hedidntreturnhomeatall.A.couldnthavewaitedB.neednthave键入文字C.didntneedtoD.shouldwait2. HarryhavewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must3. -MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixoclocktonight?”-Imsorry,Mr.S

31、mithtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgone4. -Tomtookawayourteacherscellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Icantimtgathehavedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should6. Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhave

32、takenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken7. Hepaidforaseat,whenhehaveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need8. Ididntseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustnthavespokenB.mightnthavespokenC.canthavespokenD.shouldn6kehavesp9. -Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.Youthewrongnumber.A.mustdialB.must

33、havedialedC.shoulddialD.shouldhavedialed10. Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.Theyatleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone11. Heisnotpoor.Youhavelenthimthemoney.A.cantB.needntC.couldntD.mustnt12. Therewasplentyoftime.Youh

34、avehurried.A.wonB.mustntC.needntD.couldnt13. Hepaidforaseat,whenhehaveenteredfree.（05东）A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need-On,itmybrother,Peter.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.canhavebeenD.mightbe14. Ihereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A.shouldnthavecomeB.musthavecomeC.neednthave

35、comeD.couldhavecome15. Theyhavefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.A.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might16. Somethingtohim.（05江西22题）A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened键入文字情态动词专练1、TheredbikebeHus.Shehasabluebike.A.mustB.mightC.canD.cant2、RingmeupwhenyougettoBeijing,p

36、lease?Sure!I.A.mustB.willC.shouldD.can3、-CanyouspeakChinese,Kate?-Yes,I.ButIspeakitwell.A.can,canB.cant,cantC.cant,canD.can,cant4、Youplaycomputergamesforalongtime.Itsbadforyoureyes.A.shouldB.shouldntC.couldD.donthaveto5、A:DoesLuciastillshareahousewithhissister?B:Idontknow.He.A.mightbeB.mightC.mighth

37、ave6、A:IsMyrnaworkinginthecitytoday?B:SheImnotsure.A.couldB.couldhaveC.couldbe7、A:HowdoesSheilagettoschool?B:Idontreallyknow.Shethebus.A.mighttakeB.takesC.musttake8、A:MydaughterjustgotascholarshiptoStanford!B:Youbeproudofher.键入文字A.couldB.mustC.might9、A:WheresRose?B:Imnotsure.Sheinthelibrary.A.isB.mi

38、ghtbeC.mustbe10、Myfriendhaslosthisbluebike.Thisonehis.A.maybeB.mustbeC.mightbeD.is11、Dickisntatschooltoday.Heillathome.A.maybeB.maybeC.wasD.cantbe12、LiuMeisnameisonthebag.Ithers.A.wasB.hasbeenC.mustbeD.willbe13、单项选择“answerthisquestioninEnglish?“No,you.YouansweritinChinese.”A.May,neednt,canB.Must,nee

39、dnt,mayC.May,mustnt,couldD.Must,mustnt,can14、一Look!Amaniscuttingatreeonthemoon.Itbetrue.Theteachersaidthereisnoaironthemoon.A.cantB.maynotC.shouldntD.mustnt15、WillyouseehimnextMonday?A.canB.abletoC.beabletoD.canbeableto16、单项选择.HebefreeuntilnextFriday.A.willB.willnotC.dontD.hasnt_playthepianoverywell

40、.17、AlthoughLilyisonlyeightyearsold,she_10键入文字A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must18、shewell?Yes,shecanA.Does,danceB.Can,danceC.Is,dancingD.can,dances19、-MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?No,youA.mustntB.cantC.wontD.neednt20、Youreturnthebooknow.Youcankeepitforanotherweek.A.mustntB.cantC.needntD.maynot21、一MustIr

41、eturnthebooktomorrowmorning?-No,you.Youkeepitforthreedays.A.mustnt,mayB.mustnt,mustC.neednt,canD.neednt,must22、-1dontcarewhatmyparentsthink-Well,you.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.must23、一Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?-Notyet.WegotoQingdao.Itisagoodplaceforvacation.A.needB.shouldC.mayD.must2

42、4、一CanIhandinmyhomeworktomorrow?No,youcant.Youhanditinnow.A.mightB.wouldC.mustD.will25、-Imakeaphonecallhere,Mr.Chen?-No,you,butyoumakeaphonecallinthelounge（休息室）.11键入文字A.Must;maynot;havetoB.May;mustnt;canC.Should;cant;mayD.Must;neednt;haveto26、ThisT-shirthis.Hisismuchsmaller.A.cantbeB.mustntbeC.maybe

43、D.shouldbe27、-couldhehelpme?-Imsurehe.A.couldB.wouldC.didD.had28、-youspell“computer”,please?-Sorry,Icant.A.AreB.IsC.CanD.Am29、-Canyourideahorse?-No.I.A.needntB.maynotC.cantD.mustnt30、-Mustweleavenow?-No,we.Westillhavetwomorehours.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt1.Theresomeflowersinthegarden.A.wereus

44、edtobeB.usedtobeC.usestobeD.usedtobehaving3.Itakeitout?Imsorry,you.A.Could.couldntB.Might.mightnotC.Could.canD.May.cant6. Allthelightsareon,theSmithsup.A.mustgetB.isgettingC.mustbegettingD.wouldget7. Heleadahorsetothewaterbuthenotmakeitdrink.A.will.canB.may.canC.may.daresD.dare.can12键入文字Yes,9.8. Nee

45、dwedothisjobnow?A.youneedB.youshouldC.youmustD.youcantohavelunchwithustoday?A.DoyoulikesB.WouldyoulikeC.WillyoulikedD.Haveyouliked11. -IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthenot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may12. Petercomewithustonight,butheisntverysureyet.A.mustB.canC.mayD.will13. Michaelbe

46、apoliceman,forhesmuchtooshort.A.needntB.cantC.shouldntD.wont16. Comeon!Wehurrybecausethereisntmuchtimeleft.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need1. Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?Sure,butyouhelpmewithmyEnglish.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could2. 一Idownloadthearticleagain?一No,youneednt.A.ShallB.WillC.MustD.Can3. Canyougoskatingwithusthis

47、afternoon?Sorry,Icant.Itakecareofmylittlesisterathome.A.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto4. 一MustIhandinmyexercisebooktoday13键入文字No,you.A.cantB.needntC.mustntD.wont5. MayIhaveawordwithyou?-No,you.Imbusytoday.A.needntB.wouldntC.donthavetoD.cant6. 一IhaveyourEnglishname,please?Yes,Helen.H-E-L-E-N.A.MustB.MayC.Wi

48、llD.Need7. -Whoistheboyoverthere?IsitJohn?No,itbehim.Johnismuchtaller.A.mustntB.maynotC.cantD.neednt8. 一CanyouplayFrisbee,Jay?-Yes,I.Itseasy.A.mustB.canC.needD.may9. 一Youmustcomebackeverymonth.Yes,I.A.willB.mustC.shouldD.can10. Sheknowtheanswer,butImnotsure.A.maybeB.maybeC.mayD.must11. 一Mustwecleant

49、heroomrightnow?No,you.Youcleanitafterlunch.A.neednt;mayB.neednt;mustC.Mustnt;canD.mustnt;may14键入文字12. Johncometoseeustonight,butheisntverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must13. Childrenplaywithfire.A.mustntB.cantC.shouldntD.neednt14. 一Icomein,MrGreen?Yes,comein,please.A.MustB.NeedC.WillD.May15. 一MustIfinishtheworktoday?No,you.Youfinishittomorrow.A.mustnt;mayB.cant;canC.neednt;mayD.neednt;must答案:1.B3.D6.C7.B8.C9.B11.D12.C13.B16.B19.A1. -LetsgotoTaishanParkbytaxi.Ttsnotfar.Wetakeataxi.A.needntB.cantC.mustntD.couldnt2. TthinkMissGaomustbeinthelibrary.Shesaidshewouldgothere.