定语从句考点与难点ppt课件

1、1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点1：that 与与 w

2、hich1:先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或等不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时等修饰时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2：先行词被描画词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时：先行词被描画词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that 。3: 先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用 that 。4:先行词

3、被先行词被the very, the only,the last等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。5：领先行词前面有：领先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用等疑问代词时，只用 that。填上适宜的关系词并分析缘由：填上适宜的关系词并分析缘由：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不

4、填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. 04湖北湖北 A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3. I

5、 still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.5. (06浙江浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/ that I will take care of.4. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom

6、you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city th

7、at/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives i

8、s far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I

9、am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提早在固定短语中介词不能提早下面两句中的介词能提早吗下面两句中的介词能提早吗?关系代词前介词确实定关系代词前介词确实定1.1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请领会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请领会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?often write articles?2. 2. 根据从句中动词或描画词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词

10、或描画词的习惯搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.idioms about which Im sure.3. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请领会：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请领会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.was fo

11、unded.1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我曾经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我曾经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有能够迸发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有能够迸发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点一：难点一：where的用法的用法解析：假设定语从句分别修

12、饰解析：假设定语从句分别修饰point, situation, degree, 和和case等表示笼统意义的词，常用等表示笼统意义的词，常用where 引导，意思引导，意思是是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中 。留意留意1 11.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. 山东山东 A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres

13、one point _ we must insist on . 江西江西 A. why B. where C. how D. /高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵敏：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的做题要灵敏：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。关系词。 留意留意假设定语从句缺主语或宾语，用假设定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The libr

14、ary _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhichas 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the

15、following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)As,which引导非限制性句定语引导非限制性句定语4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是自动语等，如从句中行为动词是自动语态，普通要用态，普通要用which作主语。作主语。e.g. She has bee

16、n late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.1.He is one of the students _ _ been to . He is the only one of the students _ _ been to .2.Is this school _you visited last year? Is this the school _ you visited last year?3.He has 2 sons,both of _ are doctors. He has

17、2 sons,and both of _are doctors. He has 2 sons; both of _are doctors.who havewho hasthe one (that)that/whitch/不填不填whomthemthem4.Einstein ,for_ money was not important,was a scientist.5.He has a daughter,_ name is Li Hua. He has a daughter,the name of_ is Li Hua. He has a daughter,of_ the name is Li

18、Hua.6.This is the reason_ he gave me yesterday. The reason_ he cried was_ he was beaten. The news came_ our team won.7.I will leave tomorrow,by_ time you will have gone abroad.whomwhom whosewhomthatwhythatthatwhich留意留意区分区分where引导的定语从句和引导的定语从句和状语从句状语从句where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否那么是状语从句

19、。句，否那么是状语从句。When you read books, you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the

20、 earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itas AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词普通是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词普通是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,难点二：难点二：as的用法的用法as与与which引导的定语从句的区别引导的定语从句的区别 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但以下情况多用可以互换，但以下情况多用as。1

21、. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.2. 当与当与such,so或或the same连用时，用连用时，用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.Go on Please!3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之那么用which。e.g. She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, wh

22、ich wasunexpected.as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。综合调查一：定语从句与强调句综合调查一：定语从句与强调句难点三、综合调查难点三、综合调查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合调查越来越多，这就要名词性从句和状语从句等的综

23、合调查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的根底知识和较强的综合分析才干。求考生有扎实的根底知识和较强的综合分析才干。友谊提示友谊提示 It is the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语在定语 从句中作地点状语从句中作地点状语) It was in the house that I met the young man. (本句为强调构造，可复原为本句为强调构造，可复原为 I met the young man in the house.) 试比较：试比较： wherethat1.This

24、is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. whenhave a try 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“的。的。而同位语从句是用来阐明前面名词的内容。与而同位语从句是用来阐明前面名词

25、的内容。与that从句从句同位的名词必需是一些表现实或概念的笼统名词，同位的名词必需是一些表现实或概念的笼统名词，如如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。等。that在定语从句中在定语从句中作成分，可用作成分，可用which 或或who/whom替代；而替代；而that在同位在同位语从句中不充任任何句子成分，只起衔接作用。试比较：语从句中不充任任何句子成分，只起衔接作用。试比较： We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，同位语从句，that从句表示从句表示news的内容，的内容，that 在从句在从句 中不作任何成分中不作任何成分) We dont believe the news that/which he told us yesterday. (定语从句，定语从句，that 作作told 的宾语的宾语) 综合调查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合调查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合调查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合调查二：定语从句与同位语从句1. We all have heard the news_ our team won.2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.tha