新概念英语第二册Lesson4(Tina)新班

1、NCE-2New Concept EnglishLesson 4An exciting trip 【Special Difficulties】 难点 动词+双宾语 双宾语：间接宾语（人） 直接宾语（物） v.+间接宾语+直接宾语 v.+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语 v. +人+物 give sb. sth v.+物+to/for+人 give sth. to sb. to: 对而言; 给 for: 为/替而做 hand a book to me.= hand me a book 【Special Difficulties】 难点 经常和 for 搭配的词有： buy sth. for sb

2、. make sth. for sb. find sth. for sb. order sth. for sb. Exercise He paid some money to the shop-keeper. Her friend bought her a book. ExercisesExercises Lesson 4 exciting iksaiti a.令人兴奋的 receive risi:v v.接受，收到 firm f:m n.商行，公司 different difrnt a.不同的 centre sent n.中心 abroad br:d ad.在国外Listening part

3、New Lesson Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行激动人心的旅行I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought

4、 an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Write down key phrasesLesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行 an excitin

5、g trip 激动人心的旅行 receive a letter from sb. = hear from sb. 收到某人来信 a number of / a great (large) number of +可数名词 很多 a great deal of +不可数名词 a lot of = lots of +可数/不可数 plenty of +可数/不可数 in the centre of sw. 在某地方的中心（地理位置） in the middle of 在某一个地方的中部（时间、过程的中部） fly to sw. 飞往某地 make sb./sth.+adj./find sb./sth

6、.+adj. have gone to sw. 去某地未回 have been to sw. 去某地已回现在现在完成完成时态时态WinterWinter has has alreadyalready comecome. .Grammar现在现在完成完成时的构成形式：时的构成形式：主语主语+ have + done has助动词助动词过去过去分词分词Grammar用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去动作或状态发生在过去,但它的但它的影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。 They have l

7、eft. -他们已经离开了他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里。也就是说现在他们人不在这里。 I have had my lunch. -我已经吃过午饭了我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿。也就是说我现在不饿。现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义也可表示也可表示持续到现在持续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. -从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢。现在还在继续学着呢。 He has learned English for twelve years. -他已经学习英语长达他已经学习英语长达12年了。年了。

8、nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作在的动作/状态状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强

9、调的是影响事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, jus

10、t now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时错错Tom has written a letter to his parents l

11、ast night.对对Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 3现在完成时现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般动词一般是延续性的是延续性的,如如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。She joined the League three

12、years ago.(加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)Grammar延续动词表示经验、经历；延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。比较延续动词与瞬

13、间动词比较延续动词与瞬间动词 He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果表结果)Ive known him since then.我从那时起就认识他我从那时起就认识他了。了。(表经历表经历)Grammarsince 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间 “自从自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in

14、a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for并非有并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。)I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)GrammarHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He

15、has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammarHe died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He

16、 arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago

17、. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化Exercisesum up一、现在完成时1)构成肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分

18、词+其它否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其它He has been to Australia.He has not been to Australia.Has he been to Australia?sum up2)用法1.过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与表示时间的副词连用，如already,yet, just, before, recently, ever, never等。e.g. We have just won the match. I have never been to Australia before.一、现在完成时sum up2)用法1.表示过去发生的动作一起延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去，常与表示一段时间的时间状态连用，如so far, up till now, since, for a long time, in the past few years, those days等。e.g. So far, he has broken two world records. I have worked here for four years.一、现