船长光盘版第五节_油污处理及堵漏带翻译

1、- -第五节 油污处理及堵漏 0866. When oil is accidentally discharged into the water，what should you do after reporting the discharge _A_1495当油因意外排放入海时，报告后你应立即做什么AContain the oil and remove as much of it as possible from the water 把油围起来，尽可能把油去除掉BThrow chemical agents on the water to disperse the oil 倒入化学品以驱散油CTh

2、row sand on the water to sink the oil 把沙子倒进水中，把油沉入水底DObtain your permit from the Corps of Engineers 从工程兵部队获得许可1552. An uncontrolled flow of gas，oil，or other well fluids into the atmosphere is called a _D_368气体、油或其他液体急速外泄，无法控制，叫做AFlow 流BBreakout爆发CKick反冲DBlowout喷气;井喷1772. _D_ is not a process of weat

3、hering of the oil spilled in the sea water15泄漏的油“weathering的过程叫做AEvaporation蒸发;发散BDispersion分散 CEmulsification乳化DDrifting漂流1773. _C_ is the result of bining processes of microbial微生物的;细菌的 activity and biochemical process 微生物分解及生物化学反响共同作用的结果是AEmulsification 乳化BMicrobial degradation微生物分解 CSedimentatio

4、n 沉淀DDissolution分解;溶解;融化1774. _C_is not one of the most important environmental factors that influence hydrocarbon biodegradation 影响碳氢化合物生物分解过程的一个最重要的因素是Atemperature 温度Bconcentration of nutrients ：'nju:trint美音：'njutrnt 营养成分Cnitrogen氮气Doxygen 氧气1775. A 30000 DWT tanker is required to have an

5、IOPP certificate when _C_ 载重量三万吨的油轮当时应持有防止油污证书Aengaged in the coastwise trade 从事沿海运输Bgoing foreign 从事远洋运输Ccalling at ports in another country signatory to MARPOL 73/78 抵达MARPOL 73/78的另一缔约国Dcarrying cargoes listed in the MARPOL regulations 装运MARPOL规那么所列明的货物1776. A relief valve for a cargo pump is gen

6、erally installed _B_ 货船液货泵的缓压阀一般安装在Aafter the discharge valve 卸货阀后Bbetween the pump and discharge valve 泵与卸货阀间Cafter the suction valve 吸入阀后Dbetween the pump and suction valve泵与吸入阀间1777. Access to a cargo pumproom on a tank vessel carrying grades A，B，C or D liquid cargoes shall be _B_ 对于装运等级为A，B，C 或

7、D的液货船，其进入泵房的通道应AAt least 13.1 feet away from the galleys，living quarters or navigation spaces 离厨房、生活区或驾驶室至少13.1英尺BFrom the open deck 从开敞甲板进入COnly from areas equipped with power ventilation systems 只能从配有电动通风系统的区域进入DIsolated from any part of the vessel which normally contains sources of vapor ignition

8、 与船舶上任何可能引燃油气的地方隔开1778. ACCIDENTAL ESCAPE OF OIL OUT OF A TANK WHEN IT GETS TOO FULL BECAUSE PUMPING WAS NOT STOPPED IN TIME defines _C_290由于没有及时停泵，使油舱过满而使油意外地泄漏，这是AOverloading 超载BOver discharging COverflow溢流DOvertaking 追越1779. After an IOPP Certificate is issued to an inspected vessel，how many othe

9、r surveys of the vessel's pollution prevention equipment are conducted during the period of validity of the certificate _D_ 船舶经检验合格发给国际防止油污证书后，在证书有效期内，还应对船舶的防污设备进展几次检验ANone BOne CTwo DThree 1780. After an occurrence of oil pollution，what shall be done first by a vessel in Chinese port _D_ 在中国港口发

10、生漏油事故后，立即做什么AUse oil dispersion agent and wait for investigation使用驱油剂驱油并等待调查 BTry to collect the oil on deck or in water 想方法把甲板上或水中的油收集起来CReport to Harbor Master 向港长报告DB and C 1781. After oil pollution occurs in Chinese ports，what action shall be first taken by ship's Captain and Chief Engineer

11、_C_ 在中国港口，当发生漏油事故后，船长和轮机长应立即采取什么措施ATo use the oil dispersant 使用驱油剂BTo organize the persons to collect the oil 组织人员收集漏油CTo report the matter to MSA and ask for instructions 向海事局报告并请求给予指导DTo put forward an accident report within 24 hours 在24小时内提交事故报告1782. As oil pipe line connections were broken，_C_ q

12、uantity of oil was caused to spill onto the wharf and into the dock water386由于油管接头破裂，使得数量不明的油漏出来并流到码头上和港区水域内Aa not knowing Ban unknowing Can unknown Da not known 1783. Barges and vessels are ballasted before departure to _A_ 开航前，对驳船及船舶进展压载的目的是AImprove their stability 改善稳性BAvoid polluting waters wher

13、e liquid ballast may not be discharged 在某些不能排放压载水的地区防污CPrevent free surface effects 减少自由液面影响DAllow movement of liquids within the barge for tank cleaning 使压载水在舱内晃动以清洁液货舱1784. Cargo transfer operations on a tank vessel need NOT be stopped when _A_ 油轮装卸油时，当发生以下哪一种情况，无需停顿装卸作业Aa tug es alongside while t

14、he tanker is loading grade D and E cargoes 当装卸D，E类货物时，有一条拖轮靠到边上Ba large，fresh oil spill is discovered immediately adjacent to the side of the tanker 在你船边上发现一大片新的溢流痕迹Cthere is an electrical storm in the vicinity 附近有闪电暴雨Dthere is a fire on the dock or on a nearby vessel 码头上或附近船舶发生火灾1785. Coast Guard r

15、egulations require a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan to be reviewed _A_ 根据海岸警卫队的规定，船上的溢油应急方案应进展一次复审Aannually 每年Bonce every two years 每两年Conce every four years 每四年Donce every five years 每五年1786. Damage to cargo caused by fumes or vapors from liquids，gases，or solids is known as _C_ 由于液体、气体或固体所产

16、生的蒸汽而引起的货损叫AContamination污染,弄脏BOxidation氧化CTainting腐坏,污染;感染DVaporization蒸发;蒸发作用1787. During which condition should the operator of a pedestal crane shutdown operations _C_504克令操作手在时应关闭克令吊ABunkering barge alongside 边上有油轮靠着时BPotable water spill on deck 饮用漏到甲板上CCrane hydraulic hose bursts 克令的液压管爆裂DTrim

17、 greater than 4 feet 纵倾大于4英尺1788. Every oil tanker of 150 GT and above and every other ship of 400 GT and above must now carry on board a _C_ 所有150总吨及以上的油轮和400总吨及以上的非油轮应随船携带AMCA machine check architecture机器检查体系BMRCC CSOSREP 船载溢油报告程序DMCA 1789. In reference to accidental oil pollution，the most critica

18、l time during bunkering is when _C_717在加油时可能发生油污染事故的最关键的时刻是AYou first start to receive fuel 刚开场加油时BHoses are being blown down 对管路进展吹管时CFinal topping off is occurring 油舱加满时DHoses are being disconnected 拆管时1790. In view of _A_ bilge water from any vessel，an application shall be made to Harbor Authorit

19、ies for approval 当船舶在港内从船上污水时，应向港口当局提出申请Adischarging 排放Brecircling 循环Cloading 装Dtaking in承受，吸收1791. It is generally NOT allowed to clean up an oil spill by using _C_ 一般情况下，不允许船舶使用以下哪一种方法去除溢油AA boom 扫把BSuction equipment 吸入设备CChemical agents 化学化油剂DSkimmers 括油器1792. Most minor spills of oil products ar

20、e caused by _B_ 大多数的少量溢油是由引起的AEquipment failure设备故障 BHuman error 人为因素CMajor casualties 主要灾害DUnforeseeable circumstances 不可预测的环境因素1793. OIL-IN-WATER are _D_ Asediment of oil in water沉淀在水中的油Boil dissolvents in water 溶解在水中的油Csolid oil aggregates 聚集在水中的固态油Ddroplets of oil suspended in water 悬浮在水中的油滴1794

21、. The approval period for a shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan expires after _D_970船上的油污应急方案的有效期是Atwo years Bthree years Cfour years Dfive years 1795. The equipment required to remove an on-deck oil spill on a barge transfering oil must either be carried on board or _B_ 在用油驳加油时，如果在甲板上发生溢油，去除溢油所需

22、的设备既可使用船上自己的，也可 Aon a tug standing by 使用边上处于准备状态的拖轮上的Bavailable by contract with the shore facility根据合同使用岸上设施的设备Ckept at the shoreside hose connection during transfer 使用在加油过程中保持在通岸油管边的Dkept in a protected shoreside location readily accessible 使用岸上设备，该设备放某处受保护场所内，可以容易进入1796. The most likely location

23、for a liquid cargo fire to occur on a tanker would be _A_1109在油轮上，最有可能由于液货而发生火灾的地点是AIn the pumproom泵房 BAt the vent header通风头 CAt the main deck manifold 主甲板管路集成处DThe midships house 中桅房1797. The oil ponents including polar pounds极性化合物 formed as a result of oxidation of some oil fractions in the marine

24、 environment dissolving in seawater defines _B_ 局部油在海洋环境中分解、氧化，使之形成含有极性化合物的油类混合物，这种过程叫做AOxidation and destruction氧化、消毁 BDissolution 分解COxidation and destruction DSedimentation 沉淀1798. The process that oil spilled in sea is adsorbed on the suspended material and deposited to the bottom defines _D_ 漏到

25、海中的油被海中的其他悬浮吸附后沉入海底，这一过程叫AOxidation and destruction氧化、消毁 BDissolution 分解COxidation and destruction DSedimentation 沉淀1799. The regulations regarding Oil Record Books do not apply to ship's that _D_ 对于以下哪一类船舶，可不遵守关于油类记录薄的有关规定AAre on an international voyage 从事国际航线运输BAre on a voyage of more than 24

26、hours 从事航行时间大于24小时的运输CHave a valid International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate 持有有效的国际防油污证书DHave a valid National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit 持有船旗国签发的有效的免除许可1802. Towing vessel fire protection regulations apply to vessels operated _D_ 以下哪一类拖轮应遵守拖轮消防规那么Afor restricted service

27、 such as making up or breaking up larger tows 专门从事接上或解掉大型拖带船队作业的拖轮Bfor assistance towing协助拖带的拖轮 Cfor pollution response用于防污应急反响的拖轮 Don the Western Rivers 在Western Rivers上的拖轮1803. Vessels carrying _C_ must not willfully wash decks or holds 装载货物的船舶不能随意冲洗甲板或货舱AGeneral cargo 杂货BSteel products 钢材CHarmful

28、 cargo 有害物质DMachinery 机械1804. When a vessel violates an oil pollution act，who may be held responsible _D_ 如果船舶违反了防污规那么，谁可能负责AMaster only 只能由船长负责BOwners only 只能由船东负责CLicensed officer on watch 值班的持证高级船员DAny individual connected with the vessel 与船舶有关的任何人1805. When a vessel violates the oil pollution la

29、ws，who may be held responsible _D_ AMaster only BOwners only CLicensed officers only DAny individual connected with the vessel involved in the operation 1806. When cleaning a tank by the Butterworth process，you should begin to pump out the slops _B_1453当使用Butterworth自动洗舱机进展原油洗舱时，什么时候可以排出舱底油AAt the e

30、nd of the drop schedule在卸货方案表的最后 BWhen the process is started 开场洗舱时CWhen the process is finished 洗舱完毕时DWhen the tank is clean 油舱已干净时An automated tank cleaning machine is a machine used to clean tanks for process, storage, and transportation. Those tanks can be of the variety such as those found in r

31、eactors, process vessels, fermenters, brew kettles, lauter tuns, tank trucks, railcars, barges, ships cargo tanks, and more. Genericized trademarks such as Spinners, Spray Balls, Butterworth, Toftejorg, Scanjet, and Gamajet are often used to refer to automatic tank cleaning machines regardless of th

32、eir manufacturer.1807. When loading bulk liquid cargo，what is the first action you should take if a cargo valve jammed open _C_1482当你在装液货时，如果你发现本来应该封住的阀门却开了，你首先应ACall the owner，operator，or terminal supervisor 马上叫船长、操作员或码头上的平安监视员BUnplug the deck scuppers 塞住甲板下水道口COrder the dock man to shut down 叫码头上的

33、人员马上停泵DRun out the vessel's or terminal's fire hose 取出船上或码头上的消防皮龙1808. When the ship causes oil pollution to the port，she will be _A_ 如船舶对港口造成油污损害，应被AFined 罚款BLevied 征费CPaid 付款DDeducted 扣除费用1809. Which statement is TRUE of a gasoline spill _A_1662发生汽油溢漏时，以下的说法哪一句正确AIt is visible for a shorte

34、r time than a fuel oil spill 可见到的时间比轻油短BIt is not covered by the pollution laws 不必遵守防污规那么CIt does little harm to marine life 对海洋生物的危害较小DIt will sink more rapidly than crude oil 比原油能更快沉入海底1811. You are fueling your vessel when you notice oil in the water around your vesselYou should immediately stop

35、fueling and _B_1755加油过程中，如你发现船舶周围有油迹，你应立即停顿加油并ABegin cleanup operations 开场去除油迹BNotify the USCoast Guard 通知美国海岸警卫队CLeave the area离开该区域 DNotify the Corps of Engineers 能知美国工兵部队1812. You are underway with a tow consisting of six barges containing hazardous chemicalsWhich statement is FALSE concerning a cargo information card _B_ 你船在航中从事拖带由6条装有有毒物质的驳船组成的船组，以下有关货物信息资料卡片的说法哪一句是错误的AIt must be carried in the pilothouse，readily available for each chemical carried 应放在驾驶室，应能容易查到每种货物的资料BIt must be posted on the lead barge of the tow only 只需放在拖带船组的第一艘驳船上CIt must be posted on each barge on the t