全新版综合教程1-4

1、2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream1American Dream2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream2 Translation1. Para. 16.My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story.我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。2. Para. 26.He had sent for his wife and son and daughter bac

2、k in Italy. He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed.他把在意大利的妻子和儿子女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于他把在意大利的妻子和儿子女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream33. Para. 31.They had all reach

3、ed their success by the same route and by the same values and principles: vision, determination, self-control, optimism, self-respect and, above all, integrity.他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远见、执他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。4. Para. 32.Tony did not begin on

4、the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement. Tonys affairs were tiny; the greatest industrialists affairs were giant. But, after all, the balance sheets were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point.托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上爬的。托尼的事业托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上

5、爬的。托尼的事业很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，两者的资产负债表完全很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，两者的资产负债表完全一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在什么地方。一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在什么地方。 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream41.1.结结巴巴的英语结结巴巴的英语2.2.大萧条时期大萧条时期3.3.上门求助上门求助4.4.重整业务重整业务5.5.人事部门人事部门6.6.培训工人培训工人7.7.徒工学校徒工学校8.8.精密加工工作精密加工工作9.9.减薪水减薪水10.10.人品贷款人品贷款11.11.人品端正人品端正12.12.

6、首付首付13.13.从那以后从那以后14.14.零星杂物零星杂物15.15.样子自信样子自信16.16.穿戴整齐穿戴整齐17.17.儿时的伙伴儿时的伙伴18.18.最后最后1.broken English2.the Depression e to sb. for help4.rebuild ones business5.personnel department6.train laborers7.an apprentice school8.precision work9.take a cut in pay10.loan money on character11.a man of characte

7、r12.down payment13.from then on14.odds and ends15.have a look of confidence16.be neatly dressed17.childhood friends18.in the end2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream5Beautiful Expressions:1.1.我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪给他。我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪给他。 I managed to work out some kind of small weekly pay.2.2.夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。 Sum

8、mer passed into fall, and winds blew cold.3.3.有个人干活勤勉，人品端正。有个人干活勤勉，人品端正。 Here is a hard-working man, a man of character.4.4.他的形象在我心中越来越高大。他的形象在我心中越来越高大。 He grew in stature in my mind.5.5.他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远 见、执见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。 They

9、had all reached their success by the same route and by the same values and principles: vision, determination, self-control, optimism, self-respect and, above all, integrity.6.6.他的全部拥有是一天宝贵的二十四小时，而他一刻也没有浪费。他的全部拥有是一天宝贵的二十四小时，而他一刻也没有浪费。 All he had were 24 precious hours a day, and he wasted none of the

10、m.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream6 What is American Dream?American dream is the belief of Americans that their country offers opportunities for a good and successful life. For immigrants, American dream was that talent and hard work could take them from log cabin to White House. For minorities and

11、immigrants, the dream also includes freedom and equal rights. Basically, American dream=chances + hard work. It means whoever you are, wherever you are from, you have the chance to become successful as long as you work hard. 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream7 ImmigrantsApart from “Native Americans”In

12、dianswho were living in North America when people first arrived there from Europe, all Americans have ancestors who were immigrants. In the US the word immigrant is often used with a positive meaning. People are proud to say that their ancestors were immigrants who came with very little and built a

13、better life on themselves. 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream8 Depression DaysThis is a period of severe economic failure in most countries of the world that lasted from 1929 until World War II. It began in the US when the New York Stock Exchanges fell on 29 October 1929, known as Black Tuesday. 2022-

14、5-3Unit Four American Dream9Many businesses and banks failed and millions of people lost their jobs. President Franklin Roosevelt improved the situation with his New Deal Policy, but the Great Depression was only ended by industrial production for the war. As NBC News anchor Tom Brokaw put it, “Econ

15、omic despair was on the land like a plague.”2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream10 MortgageMortgage is an agreement to have money lent, especially to buy a house or land, with the house or land belonging to the lender until the money is repaid. It enables a person to buy a house without having enough mo

16、ney to pay for it completely. If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender may force the sale of the house to recover the amount of the loan.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream11Type of writing: A _ according to _ _.Hint: From which paragraph did Mr. Crawford (the author or narrator) begin to th

17、ink more and more about Tonys career?Then how many parts can the text be divided into?Part One (Paras _): With _ and with _ from Mr. Crawford, Tony achieved his dream of _ _ _ _.Part Two (Paras _): Tonys career set the author thinking about _ and _ _ _ he had been successful.129determinationhelpowni

18、ng his own farm3033whyto what extentrealized his American Dreamhis own effortsstoryTonys lifecomments on itnarrationtime sequenceMain idea for the text: Tony _ _ _ _ through _ _ _.Structure of the text: One part tells the _ of _ _ and the other part gives the authors _ _ _.2022-5-3Unit Four American

19、 Dream12 Tonys Life in America Time Intervals Events1) _ Tony worked as _ _ at _ _ _.2) _ Tony got a job of _ _ at _ _ _.3) _ Tony learned to become _ _ _.4) _ Tony _ _ _ with Mr. Crawfords help.5) _ Tony _ _ _ and _ _ his family in Italy.6) Tony had persuaded his _ _ to move to America _ and _ _ hi

20、m.7) _ Tony _ _and left _ to his family.Conclusion: Tony _ him dream _ _ _.one eveninga helpMr. Crawfords housesummer passed into fallone daya year or two passedafter about two yearssometime later, on a Sunday afternoonclearing snowMr. Crawfords factorya skilled workerbought a housebought a farmsent

21、 forchildhood friendwas sponsoringrealizedstep by stepduring the warpassed awaywealth2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream13Structure:Para 4I went into my house unhappy.I went into my house (and I was) unhappy.Example:我兴奋地迈进了西南交大的校门。我兴奋地迈进了西南交大的校门。I walked into the gate of SWJTU excited.2022-5-3Unit Four

22、 American Dream14turn away:refuse to help (sb.) or to allow (sb.) to enter a placeturn away/ turn down/ turn up/ turn off/ turn on1) The hall is too crowded, hence many fans were _.2) See that all the lights are _ when you leave the classroom.3) I cannot hear the news clearly? Will you please _ the

23、volume a little bit?4) You might as well _ the music a little or the neighbors will knock your door and complain about noise.5) Its hot in here. Would you _ the air-conditioner? 6) We agreed to meet each other at 7 oclock, but he didnt _ until 7:30.7) He _ my offer to buy him a dictionary.turned awa

24、yturned offturn upturn downturn onturn upturned down2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream15work out: plan; solve; calculatework out, figure out; make out, write out1) Have you _ the sum of his salary?2) I failed to _ what he meant by saying that.3) Miss, _ the bill for me please.worked outfigure outmake

25、out/write out2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream16clear up / clean upclear up: get rid of or make disappear; (weather) turn sunnyclean up: make clean and tidy1) With the new treaty the differences between the two countries will be _ sooner or later.2) Its been rainy for the whole week. We hope it will

26、_ soon.3) Who will _ the kitchen after dinner in your family?cleared upclear upclean up2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream17解决问题：解决问题：do with / deal with /cope with / attend to / handle / tackle / solve / resolve (a problem)do with: (used in questions with what) Example: What do you do with such rude b

27、oys?Cf. do without没有没有也行，将就也行，将就2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream18Sentence to learn:Para. 12Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? Paraphrase the sentence.It is hard to refuse a person who is determined and hopeful to get a job.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream19decide to do (sth.)dec

28、ide on sth.determine to do (sth.)= be determined to do sth.Example: Have Mary and Tom decided on/upon their wedding date?determination: n. the ability to continue trying to achieve what you have decided to do even when this is difficult (uncountable noun, often followed by infinitive to)Example: Her

29、 determination to do well made her keep on studying.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream20personnel: n.1) 人事部门人事部门(uncountable noun, used with a singular or plural verb)Example: 人事部门已经收到了你的申请。人事部门已经收到了你的申请。Personnel has/have received your application form. 2) 职员，员工职员，员工 (used with a plural verb)Example:

30、 这个这个公司的所有职员都能获得医疗保险。公司的所有职员都能获得医疗保险。All personnel in this company are entitled to medical insurance.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream21capacity: n. the ability to understand or do sth. (often followed by for or infinitive to)Examples: Not everyone has a capacity for languages.Those math problems wer

31、e beyond my capacity.Sentence to learn:Tony took a cut in pay to become an apprentice.- Tony had his pay reduced in order to become an apprentice.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream22Translation 1. Line 42-43; Para. 16.My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story.Par

32、aphrase the sentence.-My wife and I were happy with what Tony had achieved, and thought that the whole thing had thus been settled.译：译：我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream23skilled: adj.having skill; needing skill (often followed by in or at) Example

33、s: 她很擅长于和各种人打交道。她很擅长于和各种人打交道。 She was skilled in dealing with all sorts of people.a skilled worker (技术熟练的工人)skilled work (技术性工作)2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream24CF: skilled & skillfulskilled, skillful 表示表示“有技术的，熟练的有技术的，熟练的”时可以互换。时可以互换。skilled 通常是指受过正规训练，有多年实践经验而掌握某项通常是指受过正规训练，有多年实践经验而掌握某项专门技术。专

34、门技术。skillful 是指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧。是指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧。Example:Roses father is a skilled mechanic so she has become skillful at repairing bicycles too.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream25call on (sb.): visit sb.call on sb. to do sth.: require / appeal to sb. to do sth.call at some place: visit some placec

35、all off: cancelcall up: ring sb. up call for: require, need1) Who was _ just now?2) Due to the awful weather, our picnic was _.3) I would be very happy if you _ my house sometimes.4) The president _ his people to fight for peace and independence.5) You have got a bad cough. You might as well _ a doc

36、tor.6) The job _ ones capacity to handle instrument precisely.calling upcalled offcall atcalled oncall oncalls for2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream26Sentence to learn:(Para 20)Youre not getting a damn thing from your lot.- Youre not getting even the least thing from your house.feel/be reluctant to do

37、 sth.: be involuntary or unwilling to do sth.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream27discard: vt. (formal) throw away=dispose of Example: Im going to discard those magazines if youve finished reading them.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream28Sentence to learn:(Para. 21)From then on, it was interesting to see

38、 that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home. Translate the sentence into Chinese.从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。看他这个

39、样子真是有意思。2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream29confidence: n. the quality of being certain of your abilities or of trusting other people, plans, or the future (followed by in or infinitive to)Examples: 我对你非常有信心，你一定会成功的。我对你非常有信心，你一定会成功的。I have every confidence in you. You can make a great success.Good tra

40、ining will give a beginner the confidence to enjoy skiing.have confidence in sth.be confident of/about2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream30amaze: vt. surprise (sb.) very muchExamples: 我很吃惊你居然会相信这些谎言。我很吃惊你居然会相信这些谎言。It amazed me that you would believe those lies.It amazed me to discover how long the dino

41、saur age lasted.surprise (v.)/surprising/surprised/ surprise (n.)amaze (v.)/amazing/amazed/amazement (n.)1) Only one guest saw a _ look come over the hostesss eyes.2) Aunt Mary paid a _ visit to us last Saturday.3) Foreigners tend to be _ at Chinese art in acrobatics.surprisedsurprise (n.)amazed2022

42、-5-3Unit Four American Dream31send for: ask for the arrival ofExample: Dont worry about your son, I have sent for the doctor.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream32abandon: vt.give up completelyabandon / reject / refuse / decline1) Cant you _ smoking?2) The boy offered his seat to an old lady on a bus, b

43、ut she _.3) His application for the job was _.4) We _ his selfish demand.abandondeclinedrejected /refusedrejected2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream33Translation 2. Para. 26.He had sent for his wife and son and daughter back in Italy. He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abando

44、ned piece of property with a house and shed.译：译：他把在意大利的妻子和儿子女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处他把在意大利的妻子和儿子女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。棚。 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream34sponsor: vt. support (a person, organization or activity) by giving money, encouragement or other help Ex

45、ample: 这支足球队是由可口可乐赞助的。这支足球队是由可口可乐赞助的。 The soccer team is sponsored by Coco-Cola.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream35proud: be proud ofpride (v./n.): pride oneself on; take pride inarrogant: too proudoptimism n.optimistic adj.(antonym) pessimism n.pessimistic adj.above all: most important of all2022-5-

46、3Unit Four American Dream36Sentence to learn:(Para 30)He grew in stature in my mind.- He grew taller and greater in my mind.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream37Translation 3. Para. 31.They had all reached their success by the same route and by the same values and principles: vision, determination, sel

47、f-control, optimism, self-respect and, above all, integrity.译：译：他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。功：远见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream38Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement.1) What does “ladd

48、er” refer to? And what does “basement” refer to?“Ladder”: way to success. “Basement”: Tonys starting point. 2) What can you infer from the sentence?- Tony had nothing when he arrived in the U.S. and he built up from nothing.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream39But after all, the balance sheets were exa

49、ctly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point.1) What do balance sheets refer to? And what does decimal point refer to?- Balance sheets are used to show whether a person or a company is financially successful. Here they are used to judge a persons life achievements. If the d

50、ecimal point is moved, a number will become either smaller or bigger. Here it shows the difference in the amount of money Tony and the greatest industrialists had made.2) What can you infer from the sentences?- What Tony and the greatest industrialists achieved was exactly the same. The only differe

51、nce was that they had different financial success.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream40Translation 4. Para. 32.Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement. Tonys affairs were tiny; the greatest industrialists affairs were giant. But, after all, the balance sheets were

52、exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point.译：译：托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上爬的。托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上爬的。托尼的事业很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，托尼的事业很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，两者的资产负债表完全一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在两者的资产负债表完全一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在什么地方。什么地方。 2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream41 Vocabulary 1.1)

53、wreck2) balance3) approaching4) handle5) discard6) Above all7) diet 8) do with9) checked on10) cleaned up11) weekly 12) principles2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream422.1) Efforts to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been (was) determined that all people in the sunken ship had died.2) I wa

54、s amazed that Bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world. Or: It amazed me that 3) Her request for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4) She doesnt express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5) N

55、othing will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream433.1) for sale; hunting for; be amazed by2) become skilled; handle their;loans3) charater; by calling on; he passed away2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream44 II. Confusable Words

56、 1. 1) personal 2) personnel2. 1) sometime 2) Sometimes 3) some time 4) sometime2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream45Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (A)(1) sponsored (2) determination(3) turnedaway (4) assumed(5) capacity (6) skilled(7) loan (8) character(9) hunting (10) for sale(11) send for2022-5-3Un

57、it Four American Dream46 Cloze (B)(1) save(2) recent(3) modest(4) grow(5) dream (6) immigrants(7) business (8) engineering(9) invest(10) rich2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream47II. Correcting Non-standard English 1) “Mr. Craw, snow pretty soon.”Correction: “Mr. Crawford, it is going to snow pretty soo

58、n.”2) “When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory.”Correction: “When winter comes, would you please give me the job of clearing snow at the factory?”3) “I like a buy a house.”Correction: “I d like to buy a house.”4) “Mr. Craw, I sell my house!”Correction: “Mr. Crawford, Ive sold

59、my house!”5) “Mr. Craw, I buy a farm.”Correction: “Mr. Crawford, Ive bought a farm.”2022-5-3Unit Four American Dream48III. Translation 1. It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2. Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3. Earthquak