被动语态 (9)

1、红城中学红城中学 张建荣张建荣 n英语动词有两种语态英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态和被动语态。n主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者n例如：Many people speak English.n He opened the door.他开了门他开了门nWe can repair this watch in two days.n被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。n例如 English is spoken by many people. nThe door was opened.门被开了。门被开了。nThis watch ca

2、n be repaired by us in two days.2. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成:“助动词助动词be及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。即：构成。即：be+vt.p.p助动词助动词be的变化是根据人称、数和时态的变化表现出来的。的变化是根据人称、数和时态的变化表现出来的。3、 被动动态的使用：被动动态的使用：不知道不知道 或没必要说出或没必要说出 动作的执行者时，用被动语态。动作的执行者时，用被动语态。强调动作的承受时，用被动语态，可带强调动作的承受时，用被动语态，可带by短语。短语。4、及物、及物 动词才有被动语态。动词才有被动语态。被动语态的主语大多数是物。被动语

3、态的主语大多数是物。1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）海南种植香焦。）2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树我们学校明年将种更多的树。）。）3.Were the trees planted by him.这些树是他种的吗这些树是他种的吗？9. The young trees must be look after well.(必须照看必须照看好小树）好小树）5. The building is being built. (那栋楼房正在建设中。）那栋楼

4、房正在建设中。）6.The homework has been finished yet. （家作已经做完了。）（家作已经做完了。）1. He teaches English in our school. English is taught in our school by him.语态转换语态转换2 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day宾提前变主，主变介宾提前变主，主变介byby宾，宾，被动语态：被动语态：bebe加加P PP P（过去分词）（过去分词）, ,时时态看主动态看主动请

5、看请看：主动语态:主语主语谓语谓语宾语被动语态:例：We clean our classroom every day. 主主 语语by+宾语宾语be+过去分词Our classroom is cleaned by us every day注意注意把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的的时态不能变时态不能变。如上例，所给的主。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时也要用一般现在时。态时也要用一般现在时。如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作改为被动句时作介词介词by的宾语，要的宾语，要用宾格用宾

6、格。如上例中的主语。如上例中的主语we改为改为us。一般现在时一般现在时 amis are + v.p.p.1一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态： We use a recorder in our English class every day被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p.A knife is used for cutting.A knife is not used for cutting.Is a knife used for cutting ?Yes, it is . No, it isnt.People grow bananas in Hainan.Bana

7、nas are grown in Hainan.A recorder is used in our English class every day.We planted many trees last years.Many trees were planted by us last year.一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态： was/were+vt.P.PHe cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned yesterday.2.一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：The car steal three

8、 days ago.The trees plant ten years ago.When the TV invent?My maths book (not bringthis morning .was stolenwere plantedwasnt broughtwasinvented3.情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态He can repair this watch in to daysThis watch can be repaired in two days.We should plant these trees at onceThese trees should be plante

9、d at once含情态动词的被动语含情态动词的被动语态：态：情态动词情态动词+be +vt.P.PHe will teach Unit 7. Unit 7 will be taught by her.一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be +vt.PPThey will plant many more trees next yearMore trees next year will be planted by them next year 4.一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态： Many countries have sent up satellit

10、es into space. Satellites have been sent up into space by many countries .现在完成时的被动语现在完成时的被动语:Have/has+been +PPI have given the book to the libraryThe book has been given to the library5.现在完成时的被动语现在完成时的被动语:现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态： be+being+ppOur teacher is teaching Unit 6.They are watering the flowers.

11、Unit 6 is being taught by Ourteacher . The flowers are being planted by them6. 现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态：I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.She gave me a book.如如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾（人），如若遇双宾语，最好变间宾（人），如若变直宾（物），间宾前加介词变直宾（物），间宾前加介词to/for（give pass,lend,write, buy）Her father bought her a new wa

12、tchShe was bought a new watch by her fatherA new watch was bought for her by her father7.含有双宾语的被动语含有双宾语的被动语态态He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.这些动词真奇怪，这些动词真奇怪，主动句中主动句中to 离开，被动句离开，被动句中中to回回 来来(listen to , hear ,look at , see, watch ,feel, make/have, let ,help)8.主动语态中动词不定式作宾语补足语

13、省略to I saw many students play soccer on the playground Many students were saw to play soccer on the playground They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词短语的被注意：含动词短语的被动语态，须将其看作一动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。隔开来。9. 含动词短语的被动语态，含动词短语的被动语态，The young trees must be l

14、ook after wellWe must look after the trees well1.Bananas in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）海南种植香焦。）2.Many more trees in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树我们学校明年将种更多的树。）。）3. the trees by him.这些树是他种这些树是他种的吗的吗？9. The young trees well.(必须照看必须照看好小树）好小树）5. The building (那栋楼房正在建设那栋楼房正在建设中。）中。）6.The homework yet. （家作已经做完了

15、。）（家作已经做完了。）are grownwill be plantedWereplantedmust be look afteris being builthas been finishedDDBDD将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card