《真菌学》课件mushroom3my corestoration

1、真菌学课件真菌学课件mushroom3my mushroom3my corestorationcorestoration Habitats, like people, have immune systems, which become weakened due to stress, disease, or exhaustion. Mycorestoration is the use of fungi to repair or restore the weakened immune systems ofenvironments. Whether habitats have been damage

2、d by human activity or natural disaster, saprophytic, endophytic, mycorrhizal, and in some cases parasitic fungi can aid recovery. Mycorestoration is an infant science to humans, but a highly refined method used by nature for millions of years. As we open our eyes to the fungal opportunities, we soo

3、n see many mushrooms in their roles as environmental healers. Mycofiltration is the use of mycelium as a membrane for filtering out microorganisms, pollutants, and silt. Habitats infused with mycelium reduce downstream particulate flow, mitigate erosion, filter out bacteria and protozoa, and modulat

4、e water flow through the soil. These fine filaments function as a cellular net that catches particles and, in some cases, digests them. More than a mile of threadlike mycelial cells can infuse a gram of soil. Mycofiltration membranes can filter the following:pathogens including protozoa, bacteria, a

5、nd viruses silt chemical toxins They can be installed around the following types of sites: farms and suburban and urban areas Watersheds Factories Roads stressed, harmed, or malnourished habitats Installation of mycofiltration membranes can utilize debris from the following sources, which isthen ino

6、culated with toxin-specific mushrooms : forests (brush, tree trimmings, wood chips) pulp, paper mills (cellulose, fiber, cardboard, or paper waste) city and rural recycling centers (yard waste) farms (straw, corncobs, cotton, coffee wastes, and so on) breweries (washed grains) and other industriesMy

7、cofiltration: Germination of the Idea In 1970s, while studying at the Evergreen State College near Olympia, Washington, I peered at fungi through a scanning electron microscope and found the patterns of mycelia fascinating. I imagined that this fabric of fine cells could act as a biological filter.

8、At that time, mycologists typically described mycelium as growing on habitats. I saw them as growing through the environment, filtering water after rains. I made filters by peeling mycelia from petri dishes and comparing their filtrationproperties to that of cotton. Mycelias absorbency of tobacco sm

9、oke, ink, and water was astonishing. So was the tenacity that held the mat tightly together. But my idea of mycelium as a filtration systemfell dormant until I bought a small waterfront farm on Kamilche Point in Skookum Inlet, Washington. On my land, 2 swales gradually narrowed over the course of ab

10、out 800 feet, dropping 120 feet from my uplands to the saltwater bay downstream. A ravine led to a small waterfall directly above a bay where my neighbor grows clams and oysters for commercial purposes. My property came with a small herd of 6 Black Angus cows; chickens and pigs soon followed. Fecal

11、coliform pollution directly threatenedthe shellfish industry on the inlet. The livestock on my property was just one source of bacteria jeopardizing these family businesses. A few months after I moved in, the sheriff visited me and all the upland property owners along Skookum Inlet, serving us with

12、court orders to install new septic systems within 2 years or vacate the land. I installed outdoor wood chip beds of garden giants (Stropharia rugoso annulata) and other mushrooms at the top of one of these parallel sloping basins. First, I dumped several truckloads of wood chips into the depression.

13、 The utility company trimming tree branches away from the power lines along my county road had provided the wood chips. On top of each dump load, I spread severalbags of Stropharia rugoso annulata spawn and then raked out the pile into a foot-deep layer. Springwater saturated the wood chipsa perfect

14、 environment for running mycelium. Several months later, I had a garden giant mycelial bed about 50 feet wide and 200 feet long. The next summer, enormous mushrooms grew, providing delicious fare for many warm-weather barbecues Just 1 year after I had installed my beds of mycelium, before I had even

15、 repaired my septic system, analysis of my outflowing water showed dramatic improvement: a hundredfold drop in coliform levels despite the fact I had more than doubled mypopulation of farm animals. The anomalous decline in fecal coliforms surprised the water quality inspectors monitoring the inlet.

16、I explained to the inspectors that the contaminated water seeped from our livestock pasture, entered this mycofilter, and fed the myceliated wood matrix with nutrients and bacteria. As the fungus grew, the wood chips became infused with white, silky mycelium. The water that exited our wood chip bedwas largely cleansed of bacteria, which had been consumed by the mycelium of the garden giant. That my backyard mycofiltration experiment reduced p