高三第一轮复习语法——状语从句

1、高三第一轮复习状语从句教案一、教学目标1. 了解状语从句的分类及经常使用的连词；重点掌握when,while,unless,although,because，if,so-that等引导的状语从句。2. 辨别时间状语从句中近似连词的用法区别；3. 熟记状语从句的重点句型；4. 准确判断从句与主句的时态和语态；5. 掌握状语从句的省略结构与非谓语动词；6. 能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系，从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际。二、教学重点1. 了解状语从句的分类及经常使用的连词；重点掌握when,while,unless,although,because，if,so-that等引导的状语从句

2、。2. 辨别时间状语从句中近似连词的用法区别；3. 熟记状语从句的重点句型；三、教学难点1. 准确判断从句与主句的时态和语态；2. 掌握状语从句的省略结构与非谓语动词；3. 能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系，从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际。四、教学过程听写歌词，学状语从句（截取了6首英文歌的6个使用状语从句的句子，让学生在英文歌动听的旋律中获取信息，抓住状语从句的连词，进入学习状态）。1. 学生发现和思考问题（学生通过更正学案的练习题，发现并思考问题，从而又巩固、复习了考点）。2. 教师点评：1）从句与主句的时态和语态；2）状语从句的省略结构与非谓语动词3）三个重点句型4）过关自测点

3、评5）单句改错中如何考状语从句？在写作中如何运用状语从句？3. 巩固训练和教师点评巩固训练的题型包括：1）单句填空2）语法填空3）写作运用考查特点：1）题干句的情景化增强，句意理解难度提高2）试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点。（不同性质的连词：定语从句和名词性从句）能力要求：能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系，从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际（例如写作）。五、教学反思1. 课前利用英文歌引发了学生学习欲望，较好地调动起学生状态；2. 课堂上一共给了25分钟时间学生独立思考和做练习，背作文；老师选择高考热点，重点和难点进行点评。课堂以学生为中心，把时间交给学生发现和思考问题，老师起指导，点

4、拨提升的作用。充分展示了我校一轮复习课堂的备考策略。3. 学案的制作细致，深入考点，重难点突出，题目的命题思路清晰，重视基础和能力的双提升。高三第一轮复习状语从句学案一、重点考点回顾1.时间状语从句连词例句用法1whenWhenhe(ask)abouthisachievement,heowedhissuccesstohiswife.=When(ask)abouthisachievement,heowedWhenshe(talk)aboutthefilm,LittlePrince,shebecameveryexcited.=When(talk)aboutthefilm,LittlePrince,

5、shebecameveryexcited.Whenitcomesto(educate)children,theChineseparentsthinklittleofmoney.易混点：与定语从句中的when区别：(定从修饰先行词occasion)Youreighteenthbirthdayisanimportantoccasionyoulegallybecomeanadult.易混点：与名词性从句中的when区别：5.Iwondertheclasswillbegin.1. 意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。2. 状语从句的省略：当时间或条件状语等从句中的主语冋主句主语

6、致或主语是it时，且从句含有be动词，从句可使用when/while+doing/done的省略结构。3. whenitcomestodoing当说至U做的时候（to是介词+doing）4. 定语从句的引导词when=onthisoccasion“在这个时刻”=onwhich.5. when引导宾语从句。We(swim)inthelakewhensuddenlythestormstarted.Theywereabouttogohometheaccidenthappened.Iwasonthepointofphoninghimwhenhisletter(arrive).Ijust(get)hom

7、ewhentherainpoureddown.常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”wasdoingsomethingwhenwasabouttodowhenwasonthepointofdoingsth.when*haddonewhen*2whilePleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothers(work).意为“当的时候”；动作是持续性的Jane(dress)inbrownwhileMary(dress)inblueyesterday.作为并列连词，意为“而，去卩”,表示对比WhileIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon'

8、tagreethattheycan't(solve).引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；可表示尽管，相当于although.Striketheironishot.打铁趁热。趁的情况赶紧做，否则来不及了3beforeWe(sail)fourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.“才”Wehadn'trunamilebeforehe(feel)tired.“不到就”Pleasewriteitdownyouforgetit.“趁”BeforeIcouldgetinaword,he(blame)me.“还没来得及”重点句型：Itwillbelongtheyc

9、omeback.他们很久才能回来。重点句型：Johnthinksitwon'tbelongheisreadyforhisnewjob.约翰觉得不久他就能为新工作做好准备。4sineeShehasbeenworkinghereshefinishedschool.重点句型It(be)twoyearssinceItookuptennis.表示“自以来”。通常主句用现在完成时，sinee引导的从句用过去时。5until/tillnottil.Weshallwaithecomesback.Untilnow,we(raise)50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,which

10、isquiteunexpected.Ididntbecomeaseriousclimberthefifthgrade.Wewontstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations(make).1. until/till用于肯疋句时，表示直到为止，主句必须为持续性动词。2. untilnow直到现在，句子谓语用现在完成时。3. notuntil/till表示直到才，主句通常要用短暂性动词。6一就倒装句Hardly/scarcelyhadIgothomeitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadshegoneithappened.a. hardly/scarcelyw

11、hen就b. nosooner"-than就7一就assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant.thesecond单句改错：TellhimIneedtoseehimtheminutewhenhearrives.可作连词直接引导时间状语从句。8thefirsttime,thelasttime,nexttime.everytime,bythetime至到时为止单句改错：Everytimewhen1methim,hewouldsmiletome.翻译：我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。(至U他十四岁时),Einsteinhadlearnedadvanee

12、dmathematicsallbyhimself.过关自测1. Wewereabouttoleaveitbegantorain.2. ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3. HardlyhadIfinishedmycompositionthebellrang4. Itwillbealongtimewemeetagain.5. Ithasbeen20yearswefirstsaweachother.6. Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltakeourproductbecomespopularw

13、iththeconsumers?7. Samhasbeenmorecarefulhisemployerwarnedhimabouthiscarelesswork.8. (全国卷)Thisshopwillbeclosedforrepairsfurthernotice.9. Itwasalmostmidnightwearrivedhome.10. NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.2.地点状语从句连词例句用法1wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟在地方成。Putthemed

14、icineyoucaneasilygetit.Gobackyoucamefrom.where=from易混点：与定语从句中的where区别：（疋从修饰先which=fromthe行词village)villageGobacktothevillageyoucame.2whereverHefollowshershegoes.无论哪里3.原因状语从句连词例句用法1becauseHedidn'cometoschoolyesterday,becausehe(be)ill.记：逗b”逗号+because注意与作中常见错误：Hedidncometoschoolyesterday.Becausehew

15、asill.(X)2sineeSinceyouarehere,whynotstayforafewmoredays?sinee"既然”3asAsit'sgettidgrk,wemustgohomenow.as由于4forItmust(rain)lastnight,forthegroundiswet.for"由于”，不能放句首。4.条件状语从句连词例句用法1ifWe(come)overtosee真实条件句：主句用一般将来时，从句youonSaturdayifwehavetime.用一般现在时。Ifyoubuythisclothes,youcanget=(buy)this

16、clothes,youcangetthatT-shirtforfree.前后主语都是thatT-shirt现在分词表主动，进仃。you,if从句可转换为非谓语=WethinkweareimportantifothersWethinkweareimportantifotherspayattentiontousandunimportantifpayattentiontousandunimportantif（ignore）."我们以为自己we(ignore).不重要如果（我们）被忽视”前后主语都是we,if+doing/done省略结构2uniessItisknowntoallthatun

17、lessyou相当于ifnot，意思是除非,如exerciseregularly,you(not果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。keep)goodhealth.=TheflowerswilldieunlessTheflowerswilldieunless(water)everydaythey(water)everyday.(前后主语一致，uniess+doing/doneThelittleboywon'tgotousles5省略结构）hismother(tell)himastory.主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时5让步状语从句连词例句用法1Though/althoughThough/A

18、lthoughhewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldheworkedhard.Though/Althoughhe(fail)manytimes,hedidnotloseheart.前后主语都是he,though从句可转换为非谓语单句改错：Althoughhewasill,buthewentonworking.though/although切不可与but连用。=(fail)manytimes,hedidnotloseheart.2evenif/thoughLookatthoseclouds!Dontworry.Evenitrains,we'lstillhaveag

19、reattime.指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使”、“纵然”。3.whether-orWhetheritrainsnot,thestudentshavetoattendthemeetingontime.不管下不下雨，学生们都必须按时参加会议。6.目的状语从句连词例句用法1sothatIhavetohurrysothatI(notbe)lateforclass.Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucan(hear)byall.表目的，“以便，以致”与作常用句式。注意：that前面、后面均加完整句子。7.结果状语从句连词例句用法1sothatHeran

20、so(quick)thatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim=Soquicklydidherun1couldn'tcatchupwithhim.so+adj./adv.+that从句so倒装句2suchthatItissuchagoodstorythatI'llneverforgetit.=ItissoastorythatI'llneverforgetit.易混点：so/suchas中,as引导定语从句，as在从句中做主语或宾语。Itissuchamovingfilmweallwanttosee.such+a+adj名词+that从句such+(ad

21、j)+名词复数+that从句“这是一部我们都想去看的感人的电影。”(定语)二、专题过关测试1. (2015北京卷)thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.2. (2015江苏卷)Itissocoldthatyoucan'tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.3. (2015天津卷)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemwecansolveit.4. (2015福建卷)thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,the

22、ygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.5. KeepingalearningdiaryeverydayisimportantthatIwouldliketointroduceittoyou.6. (2015重庆卷)Ifyoumissthischanee,itmaybeyearsyougetanotherone.7. Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxithebushaddroppedher.8. Theyhavebeengoodfriendsevertheywereinhighschool9. Ilivedin

23、thecountryside,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.10. Nosoonerhadthesunshownitselfabovethehorizonhegotoutofbedtostarthiswork.11. Don'promiseanythingyouareonehundredpercentsure.12. Allthenationsshouldbeequal,theyarestrongornot.13. I'msureitwon'tbelongwefindoutthetruth.14. Thirdly,youmustbecarefu

24、lenoughandtrytoavoidaccidents.youdothis,youwillsurelyenjoyyourtravel.15. Hewasbusydoinghisworkheavyrainbegantopourdown.16. youlikeitornot,youhavetogiveupsmoking.二、语法填空（考查并列句，状语从句，定语从句以及名词性从句的连词）Areyoufacingasituation1looksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearClevela

25、nd,Ohio.Itwasunimaginable2itcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwas3pollutedthatitactuallycaughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneofthemostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn'changedinafewdays4evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofworktoreducetheindustrialpollution5theriverwasclean

26、enoughforfishtolivein.Maybeyouarelivinginadirtyandnoisydormitory6youcan'tstandlivinganymore.Maybeyouhaveahabitwhichisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'know7tocontrolyourcreditcarduse.8youfacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don'youwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?9

27、thereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.10youarepatientanddetermined,youwillmakeadifferenceinyourlife.三、复习邀请信，并根据语境和中文提示填空。DearMary,Howareyou？1（自从上次见面以来以及很久了）.2（得知你喜欢中国文化），Iamwritingsincerelytoinviteyouto

28、awonderfulwintercamp.3.（寒假快至卩了），awintercampnamedAstudyTourforChineseCultureandFolkArts”isbeingorganizedbyourschool,YuhuaMiddleSchool.ThecampwillbeheldfromJanuary26thtoFebruary6th久（以便学生了解中国文化和民间艺术）.5. （当参观名胜古迹的时候），youcanalsotastesomelocalsnacks,forwhichthecityisfamous.SoIdohopeyoucanbeavailablethiswi

29、ntervacation.WordscanhardlyexpresshowexcitedIwillbe6.（如果你能参加这个活动）.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourstruly,LiHua咼二第一轮复习状语从句答案连词例句用法1whenWhenhewasasked(ask)abouthisachievement,heowedhissuccesstohiswife.=Whenasked(ask)abouthisachievement,heowedWhenshetalked/wastalking(talk)aboutthefilm,LittlePrince,shebec

30、ameveryexcited.=Whentalking(talk)aboutthefilm,LittlePrince,shebecameveryexcited.Whenitcomestoeducating(educate)children,theChineseparentsthinklittleofmoney.易混点：与疋语从句中的when区别：(疋从修饰先行词occasion)Youreighteenthbirthdayisanimportantoccasionwhenyoulegallybecomeanadult.易混点：与名词性从句中的when区别：5.Iwonderwhenthecla

31、sswillbegin.Wewereswimming(swim)inthelakewhensuddenlythestormstarted.Theywereabouttogohomewhentheaccidenthappened.Iwasonthepointofphoninghimwhenhisletterarrived.Ihadjustgot(get)homewhentherainpoureddown.2whilePleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothenseworking(work).Janewasdressed(dress)inbrownwhileMarywas

32、dressed(dress)inblueyesterday.WhileIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon'tagbeethatsolved(solve).Strikewhiletheironishot.打铁趁热。3beforeWehadbeensailing(sail)fourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Wehadn'trunamilebeforehefelt(feel)tired.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,h

33、eblamed/hadblamed(blame)me.重点句型：Itwillbelongbeforetheycomeback.重点句型：Johnthinksitwontbelongbeforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.4sineeShehasbeenworkingheresinceshefinishedschool.重点句型：Itis/hasbeen(be)twoyearssinceItookuptennis.5until/tillnot伽til.Weshallwaituntilhecomesback.Untilnow.wehaveraised(raise)50.000pou

34、ndsforthepoorchildren,whichisquiteunexpected.Ididn'becomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade.Wewon'starttheworkuntilallthepreparations.havebeenmade(make).6一就倒装句Hardly/scarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened.7一就assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond一、重点考

35、点回顾1.时间状语从句theycan单句改错：TellhimIneedtoseehimtheminutewhenhearrives.8thefirsttime,thelasttime,nexttime,everytime,bythetime到扁为止单句改错：Everytimewheqmethim,hewouldsmiletome.翻译：我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。HeleftmeagoodimpressionthefirsttimeIsawhim.Bythetimehewasfourteen(到他十四岁时),Einsteinhadlearnedadvaneedmathematicsal

36、lbyhimself.过关自测答案：1. when这时，突然2.while然而，前后对比3.when（hardlywhen一就）4. before我们将过很久才见面5.since自从我们第一次见面到现在已经20年了。6.before7.since8.until直到进一步通知9.when当我们回到家已经是深夜了。10.when2.地点状语从句连词例句用法1whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。(状语从句)Putthemedieinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.(状语从句)Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.(状语从句)G

37、obacktothevillagewhereyoucame.(定语从句)2whereverHefollowsherwherevershegoes.无论哪里3.原因状语从句连词例句用法1becauseHedidn'dometoschoolyesterday,becausehewas(be)ill.记：逗b”一逗号+because注意与作中常见错误：Hedidncometoschoolyesterday.Becausehewasill.(X)2sineeSinceyouarehere,whynotstayforafewmoredays?since"既然”3asAsit's

38、gettidgrk(dark),wemustgohomenow.as"由于”4forItmusthaverained(rain)lastnight,forthegroundiswet.(musthavedone过去一定做了某事)4.条件状语从句连词例句用法1ifWewillcome(come)overtoseeyou真实条件句：主句用一般将来时，从句onSaturdayifwehavetime.用一般现在时。Ifyoubuythisclothes,youcanget=Buying(buy)thisclothes,youcanthatT-shirtforfree.前后主语都是getth

39、atT-shirt现在分词表主动，进you,if从句可转换为非谓语行。Wethinkweareimportantifothers=Wethinkweareimportantifotherspayattentiontousandunimportantifpayattentiontousandunimportantifweareignored(ignore).ignored(ignore)."我们以为自己前后主语都是we,不重要如果（我们）被忽视”if+doing/done省略结构2uniessItisknowntoallthatunlessyouexerciseregularly,yo

40、uwillnotkeep(notkeep)goodhealth.Theflowerswilldieunlesstheyarewatered(water)everyday.Thelittleboywon'tgotcusllespBhismothertells(tell)himastory.相当于ifnot，意思是除非,如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。=Theflowerswilldieunlesswatered(water)everyday(前后主语一致，uniess+doing/done省略结构)5让步状语从句连词例句用法1Though/althoughThough/Although

41、hewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldbutheworkedhard.Though/Althoughhehadfailed(fail)manytimes,hedidnotloseheart.前后主语都是he,though从句可转换为非谓语单句改错：Althoughhewasill,butXhewentonworking.。=Havingfailed(fail)manytimes,hedidnotloseheart.though/although切不可与but连用2evenif/thoughLookatthoseclouds!Dontworry.Evenif/though

42、itrains,we'llstillhaveagreattime.指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使”、“纵然”。3.whether-orWhetheritrainsornot,thestudentshavetoattendthemeetingontime.不管下不下雨，学生们都必须按时参加会议。6.目的状语从句连词例句用法1sothatIhavetohurrvsothatIwon'tbe(notbe)lateforclass.表目的，“以便，以致”Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheard(hear)byall.7.结果

43、状语从句连词例句用法1sothatHeransoquicklythatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.=SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.so+adj./adv.+that从句so倒装句2suchthatItissuchagoodstorythatI'llneverforgetit.=ItissogoodastorythatI'llneverforgetit.易混点：so/suchas中,as引导定语从句，as在从句中做主语或宾语。Itissuchamovingfilmasweallwant

44、tosee.such+a+adj名词+that从句such+(adj)+名词复数+that从句“这是一部我们都想去看的感人的电影。”(定语)二、专题过关测试答案：1答案与解析Once/lf句意：一旦/如果遭到破坏，要花费很多年的时间才能使农田恢复。根据句意可知用Once/lf。2答案与解析uniess句意：天太冷了，你不能出去，除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得严严实实。根据句意可知用uniess。此处uniessfullycovered=uniessyouarefullycovered。3. before句意：在能够解决这个问题之前，我们需要找到它的根源所在。根据句意可知用before。4. Although/Though/While句意：尽管这些学生来自不同的国家，但他们在这个夏令营中相处得很好。根据句意可知用Although/Though/While。5. so（sothat如此以致）6. before句意：如果你错过了这次机会的话，那可能要等到多年之后你才能再次获得机会。此处为固定句式itmaybe+段时间+before.7. where把握所填空前后的关系，从couldn'tgetat