高三英语总复习法系列训练ppt课件

1、一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句 三、方式状语从句三、方式状语从句四、程度状语从句四、程度状语从句五、缘由状语从句五、缘由状语从句六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句七、目的状语从句七、目的状语从句八、条件状语从句八、条件状语从句九、退让状语从句九、退让状语从句十、比较状语从句十、比较状语从句1时间状语从句通常用以下从属连词来引导：时间状语从句通常用以下从属连词来引导：after, before, as, once, till, until, (ever) since, when, whenever, while, now (that), as long as,

2、as soon as。如：。如： Now (that) youve grown up, you must stop this childish behaviour. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. Come and see us whenever you have time. People do not know the value of health till they lose it.2有些词，如有些词，如 immediately, directly, instantly等，当用于等，当用于 as soon

3、as 意义时，也可以引导时间状语从句，如：意义时，也可以引导时间状语从句，如： I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter. My sister came directly she got my message. The machine will start instantly you press the button. Ill telephone you directly I hear the news. Will you look for it immediately you get there?3某些表示时间的名词词

4、组，如某些表示时间的名词词组，如 the (very) moment (= as soon as ), the minute (= as soon as ), the instant (= as soon as ), the day, the year, the morning, every time, each time, next time, the first time等，等，也可以引导时间状语从句，如：也可以引导时间状语从句，如： Ill tell you about it the moment you come. I started the instant I heard the r

5、eport. The instant she saw him she knew he was her brother. Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. Im going to see him next time he comes to Shenzhen. He left Europe the year World War broke out. He had impressed me that way the first time I met him. I started the very moment I got your

6、letter. Ill tell him the minute (that) he gets here.4有些关联从属连词，如有些关联从属连词，如 no sooner than / hardly when / scarcely when / barely when 等，也能引导时间状语从句。等，也能引导时间状语从句。 假设把假设把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely置于句首，它所连带置于句首，它所连带的这部分就要倒装，如：的这部分就要倒装，如： She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted. No soon

7、er had she heard the news than she fainted. They had hardly started to work when the trouble began. Hardly had they started to work when the trouble began. He had scarcely entered the room when the phone rang. Scarcely had he entered the room when the phone rang.1地点状语从句常用地点状语从句常用where, wherever 来引导，

8、如：来引导，如：We will stay where you stay. (where = in the place in which; where既衔接主句与从句，又在从句中作副词修饰谓语既衔接主句与从句，又在从句中作副词修饰谓语stay。) I found my books where I left them. Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home. He will work wherever the people need him. Let me go wherever (= to any place to wh

9、ich) they like (to go).2有时，有时，- where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句，如：构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句，如： Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. Well go anywhere the Party directs us.1方式状语从句通常由方式状语从句通常由 as, as if, as though 来引导，如：来引导，如： You must do the exercises as I show you. Please do exactly as y

10、our doctor says. It looks as if it might snow / is going to snow. He acted as / though nothing had happened. He walked as if he was / were drunk. Mary was behaving as though she hadnt grown up.2在非正式文体或口语中，也可用在非正式文体或口语中，也可用 the way (that) (= as = in the way in which), how, like等来引导，如：等来引导，如： Jean doe

11、snt do it the way I do. She is doing her work the way I like it done. You can do the job how you like. The landlord was watching him like (= just as) a cat watches a mouse. Do you make bread like you make cakes? 程度状语从句可用程度状语从句可用 to such an extent that / to such a to such an extent that / to such a d

12、egree that degree that 来引导，如：来引导，如： The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the burning building.had to leave the burning building. The temperature lowered to such a degree that the water The temperature lowered to

13、such a degree that the water froze.froze. 试比较：试比较： The temperature rose so high that the firemen had to The temperature rose so high that the firemen had to leave the burning building.leave the burning building. The temperature lowered so much that the water froze. The temperature lowered so much th

14、at the water froze. 从以上例句可以看出，程度状语从句往往也表示到达某种程度从以上例句可以看出，程度状语从句往往也表示到达某种程度时所引出的结果，所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相时所引出的结果，所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相通之处。通之处。 because通常表示说话人以为这种理由或缘由是听话人所不知道通常表示说话人以为这种理由或缘由是听话人所不知道的，全句强调的重点在缘由上，不在主句表示的结果上。回答的，全句强调的重点在缘由上，不在主句表示的结果上。回答why提出的问题时，只能用提出的问题时，只能用because；在强调句型中也只能用；在强调句型中也只

15、能用because从从句，不能用句，不能用since, as等，如：等，如： Because I cant see very well, I have to sit near the front. It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us. It is because he was ill that he didnt come. since 和和as 引导的句子，重点在主句的内容，其缘由或理由在说引导的句子，重点在主句的内容，其缘由或理由在说话人看来已很明显，或已为听话人所熟习，话人看来已很明显，或已为听话人所熟习，since 和和a

16、s 只是一种附只是一种附带的阐明缘由，不是对缘由进展强调，如：带的阐明缘由，不是对缘由进展强调，如： As he is working hard, he is likely to succeed. Since he cant answer the question, youd better ask someone else. As / Since he was not at home, I spoke to his brother. Since you insist, I will reconsider the matter. As he was in a hurry, he left his

17、 bag at home. for 是并列连词，它引导的句子只能后置。表示因果关系时，可是并列连词，它引导的句子只能后置。表示因果关系时，可以和以和because 换用；但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时，换用；但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时，不能用不能用because 替代，如：替代，如： He couldnt have seen me, because / for I was not here. The ground is wet, for / because it rained last night. It rained last night, for the ground

18、is wet this morning. because 之前可以加上之前可以加上simply, only, just 等强调词，如：等强调词，如： You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.2复合连词也可以引导缘由状语从句，这些连词有：复合连词也可以引导缘由状语从句，这些连词有：now (that), seeing (that), considering (that), for the reason that, by reason that, for fear that, that等，如：等，如： Now

19、 (that) (= Since) you mention it, I do remember. Now (that) he is absent, youll have to do the work by yourself. Now (=Since) the rain has stopped, lets start. Seeing (that) all the guests have arrived, lets have dinner. Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. She

20、didnt go for fear that she would get lost. He has done very well, considering (that) he has no experience. I havent finished writing the report yet, not that (= not because) I dislike the work, but that (= but because) I have not time.3在在“主语主语+ be + 描画词描画词+ that 句型中，主语通常是人，描画词句型中，主语通常是人，描画词通常为：通常为：g

21、lad, happy, pleased, sorry 等表示感情的描画词，这时等表示感情的描画词，这时that 可以看作缘由状语从句，如：可以看作缘由状语从句，如： We are glad that (= because) we have reaped another bumper harvest. Im glad (that) you are all right. We are sure that our team will win. Im pleased that you have decided to come. 结果状语从句往往放在主句之后，通常主句是因，从句是果，这结果状语从句往往放

22、在主句之后，通常主句是因，从句是果，这和缘由状语从句刚好相反，如：和缘由状语从句刚好相反，如： He was ill, so that he didnt come. He didnt come because he was ill.1结果状语从句通常用以下连词引导：结果状语从句通常用以下连词引导：so that, such (a) that, such that, so that, that 等，如：等，如： He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word. The book is written in such simp

23、le English that we beginners can understand it without much difficulty. It was such a bad accident that several people got injured. His diligence was such that he made great progress. He didnt plan his time well, so that he didnt finish the work in time. She worried so that she could hardly eat her

24、supper. What have I done that you should be so angry with me?2应留意的几个问题：应留意的几个问题： 在非正式文体中，由在非正式文体中，由 sothat, such (a)that引导的结果状语从引导的结果状语从句，往往可以省略连词句，往往可以省略连词 that，这时，从句之前往往用逗号与主句隔，这时，从句之前往往用逗号与主句隔开，在口语中那么用停顿表示省略。开，在口语中那么用停顿表示省略。 He was so tired (,) (that) he could hardly stand. Peter is such a good b

25、oy (,) (that) he is loved by everybody. You walk so fast (that) I cant keep pace with you. We left in such a hurry (that) we forgot to lock the door. He was so rude (that) she refused to speak to him. 当当so 修饰动词时，后面应稍停顿，如：修饰动词时，后面应稍停顿，如： His heart beat sothat he could hardly breathe. She worried so t

26、hat she could hardly eat her supper. 当当so位于句首时，主句的语序应倒装，如：位于句首时，主句的语序应倒装，如： So badly was he injured that he had to go to the hospital. So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.1目的状语从句通常运用的连词有：目的状语从句通常运用的连词有：so that, in order that, that, so。否认的句式常用否认的句式常用 lest, in case, for fear that来引导。来引导。

27、目的状语从句中普通要有目的状语从句中普通要有 can, may, could, might, will, would, should等情态动词，如：等情态动词，如： Bring it closer (so) that I may see it better. I put down his address for fear that I should forget it. The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can / may understand well. Well sit nearer the front so we ca

28、n hear better. (非正式或口语非正式或口语) The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it (should) go wrong on the way. Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget. Take an umbrella with you, in case (= for fear) it rains / it may rain / it should rain. He left early in case he should miss the tr

29、ain. 凡在讲话时，凡在讲话时，so that / so从句之前有停顿，在文字中从句之前有停顿，在文字中so that / so从从句之前有逗号，那么为结果状语从句，否那么为目的状语从句，如：句之前有逗号，那么为结果状语从句，否那么为目的状语从句，如： We all arrived at eight, so (that) the meeting began promptly. (结结果状语从句果状语从句) Well come at eight so (that) the meeting can begin early. (目的状目的状语从句语从句)有时，由有时，由 so that或或 so

30、引导的结果状语从句之前并没有逗号，这引导的结果状语从句之前并没有逗号，这时，就要看从句中有没有时，就要看从句中有没有 can, may, could, might, will, would, should等情态动词，假设有，多半是目的状语从句，假设没有，多等情态动词，假设有，多半是目的状语从句，假设没有，多半是结果状语从句，如：半是结果状语从句，如： I am going to the lecture early so that Ill get a good seat. (目的状目的状语从句语从句) I went to the lecture early so that I got a goo

31、d seat. (结果状语从结果状语从句句) 目的状语从句可以移至句首，而结果状语从句不能前移，如：目的状语从句可以移至句首，而结果状语从句不能前移，如： So that he could be heard in every room, John spoke through a microphone. (目的状语从句目的状语从句) John spoke through a microphone so that he was heard in every room. (结果状语从句结果状语从句)1条件状语从句通常用以下连词引导：条件状语从句通常用以下连词引导：if, unless, suppos

32、ing (that)仅在问句中运用，仅在问句中运用，suppose (that), in case, so / as long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that), 等，如：等，如： In case he comes, let me know. You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before eleven. I will come again tomorrow provided (that) I have time. (= if) Supposing

33、(that) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? (= if) Unless you tell him yourself, hell lose faith in you completely. Well let you use the room on condition that / provided that you keep it clean and tidy.2有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and，如：，如： Come tomorrow, and I will tell you. (= I

34、f you come tomorrow, ) Persevere and you will succeed. Give him an inch and hell take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, hell )注：当表示否认的条件时，可用连词注：当表示否认的条件时，可用连词or 或或otherwise， 如：如： Hurry up, or (else) youll be late. Make up your mind, or youll miss the chance. Start at once, or / otherwise youll mis

35、s the train. (= If you dont start at once, ) (= Unless you start at once, youll miss the train.)3if only是是if的强调式，通常表示说话人的愿望，如：的强调式，通常表示说话人的愿望，如： If only it clears up, well go. If only somebody had told us, we could have warned you. 注：注：if only 引导的状语从句有时可以不依靠于主句而独立存在，引导的状语从句有时可以不依靠于主句而独立存在，表示说话人的希望、愿

36、望或遗憾等心境，如：表示说话人的希望、愿望或遗憾等心境，如： If only he comes in time. (I hope he will come in time.) If only he didnt drive so fast. (I wish he didnt drive so fast.) If only I hadnt been late for work. (I wish I hadnt been late for work.)4在真实条件句中，从句动词通常用普通如今时表示未来时间，在真实条件句中，从句动词通常用普通如今时表示未来时间，主句通常带有情态动词，如：主句通常带有情

37、态动词，如： If you move, Ill shoot you. If I press this button, what will happen? If you come, you can see it. If you finish early, you may go.注注 当从句表示未来曾经完成或正在进展的动作时，动词用如今完当从句表示未来曾经完成或正在进展的动作时，动词用如今完成时或如今进展时，如：成时或如今进展时，如： I will return the book on Monday if I have read it. The police wont take your car

38、away if you are sitting in it.注注 假设从句表示如今的意图、志愿、决心等，那么可以用假设从句表示如今的意图、志愿、决心等，那么可以用will / shall，如：，如： If you will read the book, Ill let you have it. If you will help me, we can finish by six. If you will give up smoking / drinking, your health will improve.5有一种条件句，其从句动词不论主语的人称和数如何，一概用有一种条件句，其从句动词不论主语

39、的人称和数如何，一概用 “should + 不定式，主句动词可根据意义需求采取不同方式，如：不定式，主句动词可根据意义需求采取不同方式，如： If he should hear of your marriage, he would be surprised. If you should hear the news, please let us know. If you should be interested, Ill tell you the whole story. If it should rain, we had better stay indoors. If he should co

40、me tomorrow, I would tell him everything.注：在正式文体中，可用注：在正式文体中，可用 should I (we, you etc) 替代替代 If I (we, you etc) should ，如：，如： Should I be free tomorrow, I will come. Should you see Mike, will you ask him to ring me up? Should you see my mother, tell her I am quite well. 当从句表示与如今现实相反的条件时，从句动词用普经过去时或当从

41、句表示与如今现实相反的条件时，从句动词用普经过去时或 were型虚拟式，主句动词用型虚拟式，主句动词用 would / should / could / might + 不定式，不定式，如：如： If I were you, I should consult a doctor. If I lived in the twenty-first century, my life might be different in a number of ways. 当从句表示与过去现实相反的条件时，从句动词用过去完成时，当从句表示与过去现实相反的条件时，从句动词用过去完成时，主句动词用主句动词用would

42、/ should / could / might +不定式完成式，如：不定式完成式，如： If he had tried hard last term, he would have succeeded. If he had taken his doctors advice, he might not have died. 当从句表示未来不大能够实现的条件时，从句动词用普经过去时当从句表示未来不大能够实现的条件时，从句动词用普经过去时或或 were / was to +不定式，主句动词用不定式，主句动词用would / should / could / might +不定式，如：不定式，如： W

43、hat would you do if it snowed tomorrow? He wouldnt do it unless you were to order him to. 在正式文体中可用在正式文体中可用“were +主语等倒装构造替代主语等倒装构造替代“if +主语主语+ were等构造；等构造；“had +主语主语 + ed分词替代分词替代“if +主语主语+ had + ed分分词构造，如：词构造，如： Were I in your place, I would be very worried. Were John to go to the university, he woul

44、d have to work hard. Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have been sunk. Had it not been for the expense, I should have gone to Italy. 当当if not 引导非真实条件状语从句时，普通不可以改用引导非真实条件状语从句时，普通不可以改用unless，如：如： If she werent so silly, she would understand. (现实上她很傻，改现实上她很傻，改成成Unless she were so si

45、lly含义为她不傻含义为她不傻) If I hadnt stopped her, she would have jumped into the river. (现现实上我阻止了她，改成实上我阻止了她，改成Unless I had stopped her含义为我没有阻含义为我没有阻止她。止她。) unless 表示除外的独一条件，因此通常不能用表示除外的独一条件，因此通常不能用and 衔接两个衔接两个unless 从句，而从句，而if not 那么不受此限，如：那么不受此限，如： She wont lose weight if she does not keep a diet and if she does not take exercises every day. She wont lose weight unless she keeps a diet an