2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题及答案(DOC)

1、2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearableEveryonearoundusseemstagreebythewaytheyfiddl

2、ewiththeirphones,evenwithouta1undergroundItsasadrealityourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausetheres2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldntknowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4:Pleasedontapproachme.Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?Onea

3、nswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoachWefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6ascreep,WefearweIIbe7WefearweIIbedisruptiveStrangersareinherently8tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintancesToavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphone

4、s.Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket.Wortmannsays.Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.Butonceweripoffthebandaidtuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlooku,itdoesnt12sobad.Inone2011experimentbehavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable

5、:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidntexpectapositiveex

6、perience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed.18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.Itsthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.1. AtieketBpermitCsignal

7、lDrecord2. AnothingBlinkCanotherDmuch3. AbeatenBguidedCpluggedDbrought4. AmessageBcedeCnoticeDsign5. AunderBbeyondCbehindDfrom6. AmisinterpreteBmisappliedCmisadjustedDmismatched7. AfiredBjudgedCreplacedDdelayed8. AunreasonableBungreatfulCunconventionalDunfamiliar9. AcomfortableBanxiousCconfidentDang

8、ry10. AattendBpointCtakeDturn11. AdangerousBmysteriousCviolentDboring12. AhurtBresisCbendDdecay13. AlectureBconversationCdebateDnegotiation14. AtraineesBemployeesCresearchersDpassengers15. ArevealBchooseCpredictlDdesign16. AvoyageBflightCwalkDride17. AwentthroughBdidawayCcaughtupDputup18. AInturnBIn

9、particularCInfactDInconsequence19. AunlessBsinceCifDwhereas20. AfunnyBsimpleCIogicalDrare答案：I. signal2.Much3.plugged4.message5.behind6.misinterpreted7.judged8.unfamiliar9.anxious10.turnII. dangerous12.hurt13.Conversation14.passengers15.predict16.ride17.wentthrough18.infact19.since20.simple原标题：2015年考

10、研英语二真题答案（完整版）SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.Peopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeoplescortntlol.Whichisitatstressmarker.Whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.Further

11、contradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes.itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeingbappicrathomethanatwork,Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcn

12、andwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypcoplcwhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesntmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhentheyreathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettolea

13、vetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,itsnotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butitsnotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchk

14、nowwhattheyresupposedtobedoing:working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlifesustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinic

15、allyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,oriftheyreteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,theyreyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Y

16、ouneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soitsnotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.21. AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathomeA wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxationB generatedmorestressthantheworkplaceC wasanideal

17、placeforstressmeasurementD offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22. AccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?A WorkingmothersB ChildlesshusbandsC ChildlesswivesD Workingfathers23TheblurringofworkingwomensrolesreferstothefactthayA theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewivesB theirhomeisalsoap

18、laceforkickingbackC thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehindD itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24. Thewordmoola(Line4,4)mostprobablymeansA energyB skillsC earningsD nutrition25. ThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthatA homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironmentB divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut&#

19、169;householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivatingDfamilylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded答案：21. Dofferedgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22. Bchildlesshusbands23. Atheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives24. Cearnings25. BdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclearcutText2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirstgenerationcoll

20、egestudentsthosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreof

21、them.Thishascreatedadoxinthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhascontinuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthancloseachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisac

22、tuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andthei

23、rfindinsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswas

24、trueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegreeTheirthesisthatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepas

25、tresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learntherulesofthegameandtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdonttalkaboutthecl

26、assadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove26. Recruitingmorefirst-generation

27、studentshasA reducedtheirdropoutratesB narrowedtheachievementgaoC misseditsoriginalpurposedepressedcollegestudents27TheauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecauseA theproblemissolvableB theirapproachiscostlessqtherecruitingratehasincreasedD theirfindingappealtostudents28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfi

28、rst-generationstudentsA studyatprivateuniversitiesB arefromsingle-parentfamiliesqareinneedoffinancialsupportDhavefailedtheircollage29. Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudentsA areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgapB canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudentsC maylackopportunitiestoa

29、pplyforresearchprojectsD areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege3O.WemayinferfromthelastgraphthatA universitiesoftenrectthecultureofthemiddle-classB studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresourcesC socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiencesD collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheproblem

30、inquestion答案：26. Cmisseditsoriginalpurpose27. Atheproblemissolvable28. Careinneedoffinancialsupport29. Dareinexperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege30. DcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3Evenintraditionaloffices,thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmor

31、eright-brainedthanitwas20yearsagosaidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehnShestartedspinningoffexamples.IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikeJourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,thereweretives,butwedidnttalkaboutenergy；we

32、didnttalkaboutpassion.Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisveryteam-orientedandnotbycoincidence.LetsnotforgetsDortsinmaledominatedcorporateAmerica,itsstillabigdeal.ItsnotexplicitlyconsciousitstheideathatImacoachandyouremyteam,andwereinthistogethec.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydiffer

33、entcompanies,butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaningand,asKhuranapointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations

34、：Termslikevision,values,passion,andpurpose,saidKhuranaThisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalanceThemommywarsofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcanthaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandbergsLeanInwhosetitleha

35、sbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehomeButifyourworkisyourpassion,youIIbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbedButthisseemstobetheironyo

36、fofficespeak：Everyonemakesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbitAsNunbergsaid,Youcangetpeopletothinkitsnonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.Inaworkplacethatsfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaningofficespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork-a

37、ndhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare31. AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehasbecomeA moreemotionalB moretiveC lessenergeticD lessenergeticE lessstrategic32. team-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedtoAhistoricalincidentsBgenderdifferenceC sportscultureD athleticexecutives33. Khuranabelievesthatthe

38、importationofterminologyaimstoArevivehistoricaltermsBpromotecompanyimageC fostercorporatecooperationD strengthenemployeeloyalty34.ltcanbeinferredthatLeanInAvoicesforworkingwomenBappealstopassionateworkaholicsC triggersdcbatesamongmommiesD praisesmotivatedemployees35. Whichofthefollowingstatementsist

39、rueaboutofficespeak?AManagersadmireitbutavoiditBLinguistsbelieveittobenonsense©CompaniesfindittobefundamentalDRegularpeoplemockitbutacceptit答案：31. Amoreemotional32. Csportsculture33. Dstrengthenemployeeloyalty34. Avoicesforworkingwomen35. CcompaniesfindittobefundamentalText4Manypeopletalkedofth

40、e288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreporledforJure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymenttaketo6Jpercent.atgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.Howeverthereisanothe

41、rimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwastargelyovedookcd.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4,4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuall

42、ywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-

43、timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheanswerisyes.t

44、heyareclassifiedasworkingparttime.Thesurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyelassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelates

45、toObamacarebecanseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymrswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan1

46、2millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.36. Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?A. The

47、prospectofathrivingjobmarket.B. Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.C. Thepossibilityoffullemployment.D. Theaccelerationofjobcreation.37. Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausetheyA. preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobsB. feelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeetC. cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobsD. haventseentheweakn

48、essofthemarket38. Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUSA. ishardertoacquirethanoneyearagoB. showsageneraltendencyofdeclineC. satisfiestherealneedofthejoblessD. islowerthanbeforetherecession39. ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,.A. itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsuranceB. employmentisnolongerapre

49、conditiontogetinsuranceC. itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymrsD. full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance40. Thetextmainlydiscusses.A. employmentintheUSB. parttimerclassificationC. insurancethroughMedicaidD. Obamacarestrouble36. Btheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs37. Ccannotgetthei

50、rhandsonfull-timejobs38. Bshowsageneraltendencyofdecline39. Bemploymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance40. AemploymentintheUSSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercorneToucghTimesUefortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses,Wearegoingthroughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:afriendshi

51、p,arontanticrelatlonshlpofahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldremrthattheywontlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventallymoveastowardfuture

52、opportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsIvelearnedalongtheway.41.Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.Myfavoriteactorwillsmithoncesaid,Fe

53、arisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.Idocompletelyagreethatfearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.42.Ifyouarebyand43.Sometimesitiscasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgett

54、opauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44.Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysremrthatyouarenotalone.Trytokeepinmindthatalmosteveryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingto

55、makeagoodchangeinyourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople,Youmayhaveacircleoffriendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhavenofriendsorrelatives.Trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpeoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandcncouragement.45.Todaymanypeoplefinditdif

56、ficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingtivityfromexternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourofownlife.Whenyouarestrugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesurethatyourdecisionisthebest.Youliveinyourskin,thinkyourownthought

57、s,haveyourownvaluesandmakeyourownchoices.答案：41. DMostofyourfearsareunreal42. EThinkabouttheresentmoment43. GTherearemanythingstobegratefulfor44. Ayouarenotalone45. CPaveyourownuniquepathSectionIIITranslation46.TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethatsveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsitseasytoloseconcentra