常用有机溶剂物理性质

1、常用有机溶剂物理性质名称英文名称分子式结构式相对分子质量物理形态/毒性熔点/°C沸点/C闪点/C折光率密度溶解度甲醇methanolCH4Och3oh32.04无色液体/有毒，神经视力损害-97.764.7111.3284200.7913204miscaq,alc,eth,chl乙醇ethanolC2H6Och3ch2oh46.07无色液体/微毒，麻醉-117.378.5131.3611200.7894204miscaq,alc,eth,chl乙醚ethoxyethanediethylether/C4H10O2(ch3ch2)2o74.12无色液体/麻醉性能-116.334.6-45

2、1.3527200.71342046aq(100);miscalc,eth,chl丙酮acetone/propanonec3h6o36OIICH3CCH358.08无色液体/微毒，麻醉-95.3556.2-201.3591200.7908204miscaq,alc,chl,DMF乙酸aceticacid/ethanoicacidC2H4O2CH3COOH60.05无色液体/低毒，刺激16.7117.939(CC)1.3718201.0492204miscaq,alc,eth,CCl4乙酸酐aceticanhydrideC4H6O2OOCH3COCCH3102.09无色液体/低毒，刺激-73.1

3、140.054(CC)1.3904201.0820204seth,chl;slowlysaq一氧六环1,4-dioxaneC4H8O288.11无色液体11.8101.2121.4224201.0329204miscaq,alc,eth,chl,bz,PE苯benzeneC6H678.12无色液/中毒;神经，造血损害5.580.1-11(CC)1.5011200.87872040.17aq;miscmostorgsolv甲苯methylbenzene/tolueneC7H8XCH392.14无色液/剧毒;刺激；神经损害-94.9110.641.4960200.8660204miscaq,alc

4、,eth,chl;0.067aq名称英文名称分子式结构式相对分子质量物理形态/毒性熔点/°C沸点/C闪点/C折光率密度溶解度氯仿chloroformCHCl3CHCl3119.39无色液体/强麻醉，易转变光气-63.661.11.4459201.48322040.50aq;miscalc,eth,bz,PE,CCl4二氯甲烷dichloromethaneCH2Cl2CH2Cl284.93无色液体/中毒，麻醉-9540none1.4246201.32652041.3aq;miscalc,eth四氯化碳carbontetrachlorideCCl4CCl4153.82无色液体/中毒；心，

5、肝,肾损害-22.9976,54none1.4607201.59402040.05aq;miscalc,eth,bz,PE,CS?,chl乙酸乙酯ethylacetateC4H8O2Och3coc2h588.11无色液体/低毒，麻醉-83.5877.06-41.3723200.90032049.7aq;miscalc,acet,chl,eth四氢咲喃tetrahydro-furanC4H8O072.11无色液体/麻醉，肝肾损害-108.565-141.4050200.8892204miscaq,alc,eth,PE二甲亚砜dimethylsulfoxidec2h6os2678.13无色液体/微

6、毒类18.5189.0951.4170201.101204salc,acet,bz,chl乙腈acetonitrileC2H3Nch3cn41.05无色液体/中毒，刺激-4481.661.3460150.7875154miscaq,acet,alc,chl,eth,EtOAc吡啶pyridineC5H5N厂N79.10无色液/,麻醉，刺激，肝肾损害-41.6115.2201.5067250.9827254miscaq,alc,eth石油醚petroleumether戊烷+正已烷无色液体/低毒60-900.63-0.66miscbz,eth,chl,CCl4石油醚petroleumether戊烷

7、+正已烷无色液体/低毒35-60-491.3630200.63-0.66miscbz,eth,chl,CCl4正丁醇1-butanolC4H10Oc3h7ch2oh74.12无色液体/低毒;麻醉-89.5117.7371.3993200.80972047.4aq;miscalc,eth名称英文名称分子式结构式相对分子质量物理形态/毒性熔点/°C沸点/C闪点/C折光率密度溶解度异丙醇2-propanolC3H8O(CH3)2CHOH60.10无色液/微毒,刺激，视力损害-89.582.4121.3772200.7855204miscaq,ale,chl,eth硝基苯nitrobenzeneC6H5NO2123.11无色液体/中毒性5.8210.8881.5546151.205154vsale,bz,ethN,N-二甲基甲酰胺dimethylformamideC3H7NO°zCH3HC_、叫73.10无色液体/低毒，刺激-60.4153.0570.94452541.430520miscaq,ale,bz,eth*CC-ClosedCupmisc-solubleinallproportions(miscible