Lesson1Apumaatlarge

1、What is this?Lesson 1 A puma at largeObjectiveswGet familiar with the usage of :wsimple statement 简单句 wcompound statement 并列句1. complex statement 复合句I. Warm-up discussionw What can you see in the picture? (a man, a tree) w What is the man holding in his hand? (A walking stick, a rope for a pet)w Wha

2、ts hiding in the tree? (An animal looks like a lion.) Leopard, cat, pumaw Whats falling down from the tree? (Half of a neckband围颈带.) w What happened between the man and the animal? (Maybe the animal escaped from the man and hid himself in the tree.)I. Warm-up dicussion w How will you feel if you see

3、 a tiger around your house?w (surprised, afraid / terrified / frightened / scared, excited)w What will you do about it?w (call the police, calling people for help, get a hunter, find a gun/ weapon, )II. New words & Expressionsw spot : v. ( not used in the continuous tense) pick out one person or

4、 thing from many, discover, catch sight of , recognize, especially visually（动词，不用于进行时）辩认, 认出，发现, 特别指用眼睛看出eg. I cant spot the difference between them.II. New words & Expressionsw oblige: v. compel or require (sb.) by law, agreement or moral pressure to do sth. 迫使，使感到必须做phrase：oblige sb. to do sth

5、. 迫使某人做某事 be/feel obliged to do sth. 不得不(做某事), 必须(做某事)eg. The law obliges parents to send their children to school. 为了还债，他们不得不把房子卖了They were obliged to sell their house in order to pay their debts. 我觉得必须对他说抱歉I feel obliged to say sorry to him.II. New words & Expressionsw corner : v. get sb./sth.

6、 into a position from which it is hard to escape, put sb. into a difficult situation 使走投无路，使陷入困境phrase：be cornered 陷入困境,走投无路eg. The dog cornered the rat. The rat was cornered by the dog. The runaway horse was cornered in a field.卖火柴的小女孩走投无路，在寒冷和饥饿之中死去。 The little match girl was cornered and died in

7、coldness and hunger. Cornered beasts will still fight. 困兽犹斗（狗急跳墙）。II. New words & Expressionswcling clung clung v. To hold fast or adhere to something, as by grasping, sticking, embracing, or entwining 紧握，粘着； To remain close; resist separation 依靠保持亲近；防止分开wphrase：cling to sth.eg. The baby monkey

8、clung to its mother. 小猴子紧紧偎着它妈妈。 We clung to each other in the storm. 我们不应墨守陈规。 We should not cling to outdated customs. II. New words & Expressionsw convince v. make sb. feel certain, cause sb. to realize 使确信，使信服Phrase: convince sb. of sth.; convince sb. thateg. What she said convinced me that

9、I was mistaken. 我怎样才能让你相信她的诚实？ How can I convince you of her honesty? 考试结果使妈妈相信我是努力的. The exam result convinced Mother that I was hard-working. II. New words & Expressionsw disturb v. break the rest, concentration or calm of sb./sth., cause (sb.) to worry 打扰，扰乱 w disturbing adj. 烦扰的, 令人不安的eg. Pl

10、ease dont disturb me while Im working. Exam in progress. Do not disturb. 考试进行中，请勿打扰。 This news disturbs the students who are going to take the exams tomorrow. This news is disturbing to the students who are going to take the exams tomorrow.III. Text Studyw Close your text books. Listen to the tape o

11、f the text carefully and try to answer the question: Whom must this puma have belonged to? (It must have belonged to a private collector.)w Read the text by yourselves and find out the conjunctions(连接词 eg. and when, which, that, as, for, unless, ).III. Text Studyw Explain the text: qWhen reports cam

12、e into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.q当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。(1) Structure: the whole sentence is a complex statement; “when” introduces an adverbial clause of

13、time; inside the clause “that” introduces an appositive clause to modify “reports”. 全句为复合句。“When”引导时间状语从句，时间状语从句内又出现了“that”引导的同谓语从句来修饰“reports”。III. Text Studyw Explain the text: (2)Phrase: take sth. seriously sth. be taken seriously 认真对待eg. We should take the childrens words seriously.The childrens

14、 words should be taken seriously.We must take this problem seriously.This problem must be taken seriously.III. Text StudywExplain the text: qHowever, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen i

15、t were extraordinarily similar.q可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。(1) Structure: “for” introduces a compound statement; the former half of the compound statement contains an adverbial clause of time introduced by “

16、as”; the latter half contains a past participle phrase “given by people” used as attributive to modify “the descriptions” and an attributive clause led by “who” to modify “people”.全句为“for”连接的的并列句，并列句的第一个分句内出现了“as”引导的时间状语从句，后一个分句内又出现了一个过去分词短语“given by people”做定语修饰“the descriptions”和一个由“who”引导的定语从句来修饰

17、“people”。 III. Text Studyw Explain the text: (2) Phrase: began to accumulate: began to pile up, gathered gradually extraordinarily similar: very alike, surprisingly alikeclaim to do 声称要做claim to have done 声称做了eg. He claimed to revenge on me. 他声称要报复我。The thief claimed to have robbed the bank. 那个贼声称抢了

18、银行。 他声称要辞职. He claims to resign.他声称已经辞职了. He claims to have resigned. III. Text Studyw Explain the text: q It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.Structure: “and” introduces a compound statement; the former half

19、of the compound statement contains an adverbial clause of time introduced by “when”; the latter half contains an objective clause led by “that” after verb “confirmed”; and the objective clause is made of an conditional clause introduced by “unless”. 全句为“and”连接的的并列句；并列句的第一个分句内出现了“when”引导的时间状语从句；后一个分句

20、内又出现了一个由“that”引导的宾语从句作动词“confirmed”宾语；这个宾语从句里又出现了 “unless”引导的条件状语从句。 III. Text StudywExplain the text: q Puma fur was found clinging to bushes.q 灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛.Structure: The sentence is a simple statement. clinging to bushes is Puma furs subjective complement. 全句为简单句。 主干为前半部分， 现在分

21、词(表主动) clinging to bushes 为主语为主语(Puma fur)补足语补足语 。III. Text StudywExplain the text: qAs no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.q由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人

22、收藏豢养的，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。不知怎么设法逃出来了。qStructure: The whole sentence is a complex statement. “As” introduces an adverbial clause of reason; and the main clause is a compound statement joined by “and”.(1) 全句为复合句。 “As”引导原因状语从句，主句是一个由“and” 连接的并列句组成的。III. Text Studyw Explain the text: (2) Phra

23、se: must have been: certain guess about the past event, must have belonged to 对过去的肯定猜测，肯定是eg. 灯是亮着的，肯定已经有人回来了。 The light is on. Someone must have come back. 当你第一次看到海时，你肯定很兴奋。You must have been very excited when you saw the sea for the first time. III. Text Studyw Explain the text: (2) Phrase: in the

24、 possession of sb. / in sbs possession 属于eg. The house is in my brothers possession / in the possession of my brother.The house belongs to my brother.III. Text Studyw Explain the text: (2)Phrase: managed to escape: succeeded in running away despite difficulties 终于设法成功逃跑了eg. Ill manage to finish this

25、 task, though its late at night. Although it was raining heavily, he managed to come to work on time.III. Text Studyw It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.w 想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。逍遥流窜，真令人担心。 “It” is the form subj

26、ect; the infinitive phrase “to think that” is the real subject. Inside the infinitive phrase “that” introduces an objective clause after verb “think”. “It”是形式主语，不定式短语“to think that”才是真正的主语，不定式短语中“that”引导一个宾语从句做动词“think”的宾语。w at large 未被捕的;自由的,不受约束的;逍遥法外的;随便地,任意地;详细地,详尽地;充分地,全面地;整体上,一般地; e.g. The stu

27、dents are now being held on immigration charges. 8 others remain at large.这几名学生现在因非法移民指控而被扣押，其余8人仍逍遥法外。杀人凶手仍逍遥法外。 The murderer is still at large. 我们自由自在地在校园里溜达。We wandered at large on the campus. He talked at large about his plan of writing a play for children. 他详细地谈了他要写一本儿童剧的计划。她详尽谈论了她的计划。 She talk

28、ed at large about her plans.The people at large support the policy of the open door. 一般老百姓都拥护开放政策。When we talk about the world, we mean the world at large. 当我们说到世界, 是指整个世界。IV. Drills & Exercisesw Read the text after the tape. Pay attention to the stress and intonation and where to stop.w Look fo

29、r the answers in the text individually first, then try to answer the questions without looking at the text. (P15 Summary writing)Summary writingwKey point:wPuma spotted 45 miles south of LondonwSimilar in naturewWoman picking blackberries saw it first.wPuma moves from place to placewLeft trail of de

30、ad deer small animalswPaw print puma fur found as wellwCat-like noises heard at nightwAnimal seen up a tree.1.Now experts convinced really was pumaSummary writingw The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted 45 miles south of London were similar in nature. A woman picking blackbe

31、rries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place, leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals. Paw print and puma fur were found as well. Cat-like noises were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now expert were convinced that the animal really was a puma. (79 words)Keys to

32、 Vocabularyw spotted: seenw accumulated: piled up, gatheredw obliged to: bound tow claimed: statedw extraordinarily similar: surprisingly alikew immediately: at oncew convinced: sure, made to believeLetter WritingAddress: _, _, _, _.Date:Beginning of letter(Dear,)IntroductionPurposeConclusionEnding(

33、Yours,)SignaturePostscript(PS,)Letter WritingThe English Training Centre,The Continuing Education College,Guang Dong University of Foreign Studies,Guang Dong Province,the P.R.C.Sept. 13th, 2009Dear Mary,IntroductionPurposeConclusionYours, DanaPS: Could you send me your recent photo, please?Extra exe

34、rcises for Key Structuresw Try to judge whether the following sentences are simple, compound, or complex statements. (1) It is sunny today.(2) I finished breakfast, then went to the classroom.(3) If I had enough money for the tickets, I would have been to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games.(4) Both

35、my sister and I came to the show.(5) Yao Ming not only likes basketball, but plays it very well.(6) You could have told me earlier, but you didnt.(7) Do you know the girl who is in red?(8) I can not lend you this dictionary, for I am using it now.Special DifficultieswPrep. + Wh-. / Wh-. + prep.I. used in special questions: 介词在后可用主格提问介词在后可用主格提问wFrom where had it come? wWhere had it come from?(2) About whom are you talking?Whom / who are you talking about?II. used in attributive clauses:介词在后可省略引导词介词在后可省略引导词(3) That is