山东胶州高考英语文章阅读类训练

1、胶州市2014高考英语文章阅读类训练（8）及答案或解析时文阅读Theworldeconomyhasrunintoabrickwall.Despitecountlesswarningsinrecentyearsabouttheneedtoaddressalooming（逼近）hungercrisisinpoorcountriesandaloomingenergycrisisworldwide,worldleadersfailedtothinkahead.Theresultisaglobalfoodcrisis.Wheat,cornandricepricesincreasescombinedwit

2、hsoaringenergycostswillslowifnotstopeconomicgrowthinmanypartsoftheworldandwillevenundermine（破坏）politicalstability,asevidencedbytheprotestriotsthathaveeruptedinplaceslikeHaiti,BangladeshandBurkinaFaso.Practicalsolutionstothesegrowingwoesdoexist,butwe'llhavetostartthinkingaheadandactingglobally.So

3、,whatshouldbedone?Herearethreestepstoeasethecurrentcrisisandavert（防止，避免）thepotentialforaglobaldisaster.Thefirstistoscale-up（按比例增加，扩大）thedramaticsuccessofMalawi,afamine-prone（遭遇饥荒）countryinsouthernAfrica,whichthreeyearsagoaspecialHand工farmerszttferH：忆红心d女工卜712d二harves：dcutledafter_iusron?yearAniirema

4、tionalfundbasedonrhehicde：式口口"cos:amereS10perpjrscnannua二yint:itrich-vcrLd;仇SIC口:n己二Second,theU.S.andEuropeshouldabandontheirpoliciesof岂止宅口加空（给补助金）theconAersionoffoodintobiofuel（生物燃料）.T:nrd:lit餐匚丁tc'atherprccf（庾防风雨）thev/orld'cropsassoonand储effective?.-asposaible.Ferapoorfaringsometiiiie

5、s藁皿伫土:空as芸力p上?"afarmpond':cliraimvater:obeusedfor三工er三巴icyirrigationinadryspeZ-canmaketh?differencebetweenacropandafam过，Lif'orldhasalreadyccm:mt:edtche-hingaAdaptionFund工helppearregionsclimateproofvitaleconomicactr-：jessuch”foodpreduct:onand加也:thcaret口:hasnetyetacteduponprofuse.Th?focdc

6、risisprodfsnoto:lvawarningburalsocpporNuityV/etoinvestvastlymoreniiustainatled.lcpmen:mordertoach:ev?trueglobalsecurityai;ccnctn:1 V.hichufisrhrbes:A. HowtoendtheglobalfoodshortageB. HowtoendtheglobaldisasterC. HowtohelpthefarmersinthepoorcountriesD. Howtosubsidizethefarmerstoincreasefoodproducts2.

7、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheglobalfoodshortage?A. peopleintheworldcandonothingB. Theglobalfoodcrisiswillcontinue.C. Thefoodcrisisprovidesnotonlyawarningbutalsoanopportunity.D. Wedon'know.3. Whatmeasuresshouldbetakentoeasethecurrentcrisisandavertthepotentialforaglobaldisaster?A. toscale-upthedrama

8、ticsuccessofMalawiB. theU.S.andEuropeshouldabandontheirpoliciesofsubsidizingtheconversionoffoodintobiofuelsC. topreventtheworld'scropsfrombeingdestroyedbyweatherassoonandaseffectivelyaspossible.D. Allabove.答案与简析：1 .A.析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲如何结束全球食物短缺，A能概括文章中的主要内容。B、CD都是文章中的一部分。2 .C.析：作者态度题目，文中最后一段可知。3 .D.

9、析：事实细节题，从文章中第二、三及四自然段的句首可知。*4±击第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2130各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MariskaHargitay,whoplaysatoughbutbeautifuldetectiveonNBCsLaw&Order,recently21herchildhoodfriendAnnetteCondonTaubertobreastcancer."Itwas22 .AnndefinedsomuchofwhoIam."sayst

10、he23.“Shewasmychampionandthemost24friend.”Annwasdiagnosed（诊断）in2003,whenshewas38,shortlyafterthebirthofherfourthdaughter.However,shenevertoldthemshewas25,hopingforamiracleandnotwantingtoburdenherfriends.“Iunderstandhernotwantingto26,”Hargitaysays."Andtomymind,shedid27thediseasetosomeextent.&quo

11、t;Bylate2005,thecancerhad28toAnn'sliverinagolf-ball-sizemass.ShepassedawayinMay2007.In29ofAnn,Hargitaysignedaprogrammethatraisesmoneyforbreastcancerresearch.ParticipatingworkplacesletemployeeswearjeansonOctober5fora$5donation."It'sarealwayforeveryonetofeellikethey'remakinga30saysthe

12、Emmy-winningactress.21.A.metB.recognizedC.accompaniedD.lost23.A.actorB.actressC.directorD.heroine24.A.dishonestB.horribleC.sincereD.pretty25.A.wellB.sadC.afraidD.sick26.A.shareB.dieC.sufferD.withdraw27.A.loseB.winC.beatD.fight28.A.ledB.spreadC.contributedD.29.A.caseB.chargeC.controlD.memory30.A.diff

13、erenceB.decisionC.friendD.profit22.A.comfortingC.interestingB.movingD.shockingdevoted参考答案21.D22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A结束*ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASAandPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentire

14、nation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreak-up,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris（有毒的残骸）overawidear

15、eaofTexasandneighboringstates.Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle'sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails（痕迹）streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.Take-offandre-entryinto

16、Earth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpil

17、otCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120-mile-longcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant（推进器）."Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,"NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesai

18、dtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers."TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors,Theirmissionwasalmostcompleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome.America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,"saidagrim-facedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolences（同情）tothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.6. Thewordadescen

19、t"inthepassagemeans.A.takingoffB.landingC.orbiting（绕轨运行）D.walkingdown7. WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?A. HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.B. HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.C. Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.D. HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadis

20、aster.8. TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat.A.thereweresevenastronautskilledonboardB. boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheytookoffC. BoththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheywereabouttolandD. nohumanremainswerefound9. Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothenews?A. TheU.S.A.willgiveupthesp

21、aceprogrambecauseoftheaccident.B. NASAhasn'tfoundthecauseoftheColumbiadisaster.C. BeforetheColumbiadisaster,noshuttleshadexplodedinthecourseoflanding.D. Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.参考答案BAAA*4±击1. (2011山东卷)AArthurMiller(1915-2005)isuniv

22、ersallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustriaHungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearlyl930s.Millers'smostfamousplay,

23、DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth.InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewithhisworth.Willyis“burntout"andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment:ifhec

24、an'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatlossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBes

25、tPlay,theNewYorkDramaCritics'CircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizeforDrama.Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthreeofthesemajorawards.MillerdiedofheartfailureathishomeinRoxbury,Connecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSalesmanonBroadway.56.WhydidArthurMiller'

26、;sfathermovetotheUSA?A. Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.B. Hewasattractedbythe"GreatAmericanDream.C. Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.D. Hisfamilybusinessfailed.57. TheplayDeathofaSalesmanA. exposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworldB. discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacompanyC. talksabo

27、utthebusinesscareerofArthurMillerD. focusesontheskillsindoingbusiness58. WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLoman?A. Hetreatshisemployerbadly.B. HerunstheWagnerCompany.C. HeisavictimoftheAmericansystem.D. Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.59. Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesmanA. achievedhugesuccessB. wont

28、hefirstTonyAwardC. waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmenD. wasseverelyattackedbydramatists60. Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A. ArthurMillerandhisfamily.B. TheawardsArthurMillerwon.C. ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienced.D. ArthurMillerandhisbest-knownplay.【解析】：56-60:BACAD【语篇解读】本文是讲述了阿瑟.密勒的生平经历及他的代表作DeathofaSalesman的

29、内容及评价。36. Bo细节题。从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国，是和许多其他人一样受“伟大的美国梦”的驱使。37. Ao细节推断题。从第二段第一句话可知米勒写推销员之死的目的是对美国制度的攻击，因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示。A指出了，暴露了美国商业世界的残酷。下文也提到了，inthecruelworldofbusiness。38. C.推理判断题。从上文介绍情节中得知WillyLoman是戏剧中一个角色，而这个角色最终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡，因此推断他是美国制度的受害者。39. A.细节推断题。从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项，因此

30、获得巨大成功。40. D。主旨大意题。A没有提及，BC都是片面的。*4士击话题探究地球是人类惟一的家园，在茫茫的宇宙中.除了地球之外，目前尚*发现其仲运合大举上存的星球.地球是我们人类赖以生存的惟一家园，是我们居住的最佳环境.进八S：年代以来,随着经济的发展，具有全球性影响的环境问题日益突出.不仅发生了区域性的汇成污染和大规模的生态破坏，而且出现了温室效应、臭氧层破坏、全球气候变优、酸雨、物种灭绝±地沙漠化、森林锐减、越境污染、海洋污染、野生物种减少、热带雨呼源少、土屋住四等大范围的和全球性环境危机,严重械胁看全人类的生存和发展,多年的实践证叫；夫改造自然、发展生产，必须同时注意自然

31、界的一报复，我国是发展中的社会主司家，如果不让率环境保护工作，甚至造成了环境的严重污染和退化，自然资源的破坏.有的要几十年、上百年才能恢复，有的则难以逆转口由于人类活动作用于周围环境所引起的环境底里变化，以及这种变侬寸人类的生产，生活和健康都造成了影响.近年来，我们的高考试题和模拟试题对于我们的环境保护问题给与了很大的重视和体现，题目出现的比例盘来约稿或观几年的高考试题和模拟试题，这类题目有以下特点：1 .我们居住的地球的环境特点以及很多自然灾害的现象。2 .由于人类的破坏，地球变化带来的一些事件。3 .一些提倡保护我们居住的环境，提高环保意识的各种环保行为和活动。4 .介绍一些环保的产品，及

32、其带来的好处。5 .保持环境的自然、进行有效再循环的话题。链接高考链接1.（2012山东卷）ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequenceothercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfrom

33、westerncivilization,thefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFeamin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship,HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelements

34、destroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru'srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸盐）ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfer

35、tilizerforfanning.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoilThenutakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroysdieland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneo

36、ftherichestcountriesintheworld.EveryyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphateUnfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizeddialtheyhadaterribleproblemtheirphosphatewasrun

37、ningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56. Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A. ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems.B. Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C. Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D. Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.57. WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Richandpowerful.B.Modemandopen.C.Peacefulandattractive.D.