心理学专业英语词汇汇总

1、如文档对你有用，请下载支持！心理现象mentalphenomenon心理过程mentalprocess心理状态mentalstate心理活动mentalactivity意识 consciousness心理维度psychological dimension心理运动psychomotor内部活动internal activity普通心理学general psychology实验心理学experimental psychology行为科学behavioralscience心身关系mind-bodyrelation心理机能定位localization of mental function心理能动性me

2、ntal activism外周论peripheralism先天理论nativistic theory强调遗传素质决定人心理的产生与发展。遗传 heredity目的论 teleology认为生物和人类的活动受一定目的的引导。活动 activity活动理论activity theory认知心理学cognitive psychology认知 cognition相对于情感、意志等心理过程的所有认识过程的总称。包括知觉、注意、表象、学习记忆、问题解决、思维和言语等心理过程。认知过程cognitive process认知结构cognitivestructure元认知metacognition认知失调cog

3、nitivedissonance认知地图cognitivemap认知技能cognitiveskill认知方式cognitivestyle信息 information信息论 information theory信息加工information processing信息加工心理学information processing psychology信息加工理论information processing theory信息加工模型information processing model中央处理器模型central processor model信息储存information storage信息提取info

4、rmation retrieval人工智能artificial intelligence, AI计算机类比computer analogy计算机模拟computer simulation计算机模型computer model唯心主义心理学idealistic psychology意动心理学act psychology唯意志论voluntarism唯灵论spiritualism强调超自然精神作用。心灵学parapsychology心灵决定论psychic determinism心灵致动psychokinesis, PK心理技术学psychotechnics内省 introspection内省法

5、introspective method直觉主义intuitionalism条件反射conditioned reflex, CR非条件反射unconditioned reflex经典性条件作用classical conditioning工具性条件作用instrumental conditioning操作性条件作用operant conditioning操作主义operationalism操作性定义operational definition斯金纳箱Skinner box迷箱puzzle box强化reinforcement二级强化secondary reinforcement强化理论reinf

6、orcement theory反馈feedback生物反馈biofeedback次级控制secondary control皮肤电传导skin conductance皮肤电反应galvanic skin response测谎器 lie detector心理物理学psychophysics心理物理学方法psychophysical method评定量表法rating scale method阈限 threshold, limen刺激阈限stimulus threshold绝对感受性absolute sensitivity绝对阈限absolute threshold差别感受性differential

7、 sensitivity差别阈限differential threshold最小可觉差just noticeable difference,J.N.D极限法 limit method下限 lower limit差别阈限法differential limen method上差别阈upper difference threshold下差别阈lower difference threshold调整法method ofadjustment不确定间距interval of uncertainty恒定刺激法method of constant stimulus次数法frequencymethod等距法me

8、thod ofequal interval最小变化法method of minimal change递增系列ascending series递减系列descending series预期误差anticipation error等级法 ranking method数值评估法methodof magnitude estimation分段法fractionationmethod误差 error平均误差法methodof average error恒定误差constant error偶然误差accidental error主观相等点point of subjective equality, PSE正误

9、法methodofright and wrongcases二分法methodofdichotomic classification双重分离double dissociation消除法methodofelimination阶梯法staircase method对偶比较法method of paired comparison单一刺激法method of single stimulus费希纳定律Fechners law韦伯分数Weber fraction韦伯比例Weber ratio韦伯定律Webers law韦伯 - 费希纳定律Weber-Fechner law幂函数定律power functio

10、n law史蒂文斯定律Stevens law对数定律logarithmic law刺激变量stimulus variable标准刺激standard stimulus近端刺激proximal stimulus等距变量equal interval variable顺序变量ordinal variable反应变量response variable被试变量subject variable反应 response反应偏向response bias自然实验natural experiment开窗实验experiment of open window双盲实验double blind experiment准实

11、验quasi-experiment实验设计experimental design实验组experimental group,EG控制组control group, CG又称“对照组”。控制 control控制变量controlled variable独立组设计independent group design组内设计within-group design组间设计between-group design匹配组设计matched-group design拉丁方设计Latin square design随机组设计random group design混合设计mixed design反应时reactio

12、n time, RT简单反应时simplereactiontime选择反应时choicereactiontime选择时间selectiontime辨别反应时discriminativereactiontime迫选法forced-choice method口头报告verbal report自我观察self-observation观察法observational method模拟法simulation method印象法impression method传记法biographical method访谈法interview method问卷法questionnaire表情法method of exp

13、ression有无法yes-no method提示法anticipation method抽象分析法method of abstract analysis信号检测理论signal detection theory信号检测signal detection信号噪声分配signal-to-noise distribution似然比likelihood ratio内部噪声internal noise正确否定correctrejection击中 hit肯定判断affirmative judgement虚报 false alarm接受者操作特征曲线receiver operating characteri

14、stic curve, ROC curve等感受性曲线isosensitivity curve感觉 sensation感觉道 sense modality跨通道匹配cross-modality matching感觉运动sensorimotor感觉适应sensory adaptation感觉剥夺sensory deprivation感觉阈限sensory limen感觉属性attribute of sensation感觉器官相互作用interaction of sense organs感官特殊能量说law of specific sense energy特殊神经能量specific nerve

15、energy特异说theory of idiosyncrasy视觉vision瞳孔pupil人工瞳孔artificial pupil视网膜retina物体大小object size网象大小retinal size视网膜对称点corresponding retinal points两个视网膜重叠起来彼此重合的点。注视点 fixation point视角visual angle视野visual field视野计perimeter中央视觉central vision中央窝视觉foveal vision用眼睛中央窝的视网膜区注视物体所产生的视觉。周边视觉peripheral vision盲点 blin

16、d spot中心盲central scotoma可见光visible light强度intensity照度illuminance视网膜照度retinal illuminance明度brightness明度对比brightness contrast亮度luminance视见函数luminosity function又称“光亮度函数”。亮度对比luminance contrast亮暗比 light-dark ratio视觉阈限visual threshold能见度visibility能见度曲线visibility curve等能光谱equal energy spectrum光谱光效率曲线spect

17、ral luminous efficiency curve明视觉photopic vision暗视觉scotopic vision视觉适应visual adaptation明适应bright adaptation暗适应dark adaptation暗适应曲线dark adaptation curve马赫带 Mach band对比contrast同时对比simultaneous contrast浦肯野现象Purkinje phenomenon颜色视觉color vision颜色color彩色chromatic color非彩色achromatic color光谱色spectral color基色

18、fundamental color补色complementary color原色primary color三原色 three primary colors三色视觉trichromatism表面色surface color立体色bulky color又称“膨胀色”。容量色volume color饱和度saturation颜色饱和度color saturation色度chromaticity色度图chromaticity diagram色区color zone色温color temperature色误差chromatic error显色指数color-rendering index单色仪monoc

19、hromator产生单一颜色光的仪器。色环color circle色轮color wheel色表系 color appearance system颜色方程color equation颜色立体color solid芒塞尔颜色立体Munsell color solid颜色四方形color square颜色三角color triangle颜色爱好color preference颜色宽容度color tolerance颜色适应chromatic adaptation颜色匹配color matching同色异谱匹配metameric matching颜色对比color contrast颜色混合color

20、 mixture双眼混色binocular color mixture加色混合additive color mixture减色混合subtractive color mixture颜色混合律law of color mixture补色律law of complementary color中间色律law of intermediary color代替律law of substitution色诱导color induction诱导色induced color二色视觉dichromatic vision斯特鲁普效应Stroop effect亥姆霍茨视觉说Helmholtzs theory of vision黑林视觉说Herings theory of vision视觉双重说duplicity theory of vision又称“双视觉理论”。阶段说stage theory发生说genetic theory色弱color weakness红色弱red weakness色盲color blindness红色盲red blindness绿色盲deuteranopia又称“乙型色盲”。红绿色盲red-green blindness, protanopia又称“甲型色盲”。全色盲monochromatism又称“单色视觉”。蓝色盲trit