2018年浙江省宁波市中考英语试卷(含答案与解析)

1、绝密启用前浙江省宁波市2018年初中学业水平考试英语（满分为95分，考试时间为90分钟。）-完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。9. A. changeB. remainC. leaveD. arrive10. A. energyB. dutyC. wealthD. spirit11. A. withB. forC. asD. to12. A. wantedB. startedC. promisedD. lived13. A. ranB. jumpedC. stoodD. stepped14. A. small

2、B. largeC. uglyD. round15. A. managedB. helpedC. failedD. continuedIt does not always come easy to discover oneself. From a young age, I had a strong senseof who I was to become, 1 an accident made me redefine（重审） myself.To me, skating was above all. There was 2 in this world that filled my heart wi

3、th such joy. I spent twenty-four hours a week practicing my 3 Having no social life or interests but skating, my devotion （挚爱）brought me first place medals in nearly every _ 4 .Unfortunately, in one show, I fell down and hurt myself 5 After several X-rays and 二 上 MRI （磁共振）scans, the 6（told） Tie that

4、 I couldn't return to my sport any more. The一pain in my back was hard to bear and even the 7 daily tasks became difficult.二 卷号生_考二As my passion （激情） was 8, I had little sense of who I was to become. After eightmonths of suffering, something had to 9. Instead of wasting my days sitting around- -i

5、nfully, I began to put my 10 into local community service projects. By volunteering11 a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant for kids, I got an idea of who I12 to become. After a few months, I devoted time to my interest in the arts. Little byLittle, I 13 out of the shadow （阴影）and rebuilt m

6、y confidence.Sometimes, some _14 rocks block （阻碍）our way. We can choose to stay behind or 题 try to climb over. My accident was a rock that 15 to stop me from reaching success.Today I m a very confident and optimistic person.1. A. and2. A. everythingB. butB. somethingC. orC. nothingD. soD. anything无3

7、. A. skillsB. behaviorsC. thoughtsD. habits4. A. meetingB. partyC. concertD. competition5. A. quicklyB. softlyC. badlyD. slowly6. A. waiterB. doctorC. teacherD. policeman-A. usefulB. basicC. properD. busy双8. A. found outB. brought backC. waken upD. taken away、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）阅读下面材料，从每题所给的 A

8、、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAs long as everyone contributes a little, the world will become a much better place.Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a helping hand. Now let's share some memorable moments.Linda : Once, when I was on my way back to my hometown, I lost my purse without even knowing

9、 it. I was told over the train'my purse was at the railway station's lost and found office. But the train had already started. Seeing my helplessness, a kind hostess offered to lend me some money. I went back to the railway station and got my purse. I am still thankful to the railway staff a

10、nd the person who found my purse.Scott: When I was a little boy, there was a time when I went to fish with my elder sister. All of a sudden, I slipped into the river. The next thing I remember is my father holding me in the hospital. Today I still don t know who got me out of that river. I have been

11、 trying to help other people whenever I can all these years.； Is loudspeaker thatTina : One of my neighbors is an old man who cannot speak. He makes money by recycling waste. Our other neighbors don't like his behavior. But in my opinion, it's his way to support his family. Once, after clean

12、ing my house, I placed some cardboard boxes in his garden and left my rubbish beside my door. However, when I was about to go out, I found nothing outside my door but a note: "I have thrown away your rubbish. You are a nice girl. Thanks a lot!"16. According to the passage above, we know th

13、at.A. the hostess found Linda's purseB. Linda knew where she lost her purse英语试卷第1页（共24页）英语试卷第3页（共24页）B. look for dates onlineD. volunteer for an organizationB. Volunteering in a New City.D. Making Friends in a New City.C. Scott still doesn't know who got him out of the riverD. some cardboard

14、 boxes were stolen by Tina's neighbor17. The writer is trying to tell us the value of.A. healthB. kindnessC. moneyD. safety18. The passage above is probably a.A. reportB. diaryC. novelD. letterBI graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was re

15、ally easy to meet new people. But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard. I live in a big city, and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want. I was feeling so discouraged （沮丧的）and I didn't know what to do, so I called my sister fo

16、r some advice.My sister is five years older than I am, so she's been through all this already. She's been helping me with my problems all my life. When I explained my problem, she understood completely. She said, "Why don't you try meeting people online?""Online? Are you k

17、idding?" I asked. "A friend of mine chatted with a guy online, and when she finally met him face to face, he was nothing like what he said."My sister laughed. "You don't have to look for dates online," she said. "But you can find other people like youpeople who have

18、 just moved to town and want to make some new friends. When I first moved to New York after college, I found a book club and a football team online. I met a lot of people that way.""But you don't even like football!" I said."I know," she replied. "But that didn'

19、t matter. I still bad a lot of fun. You played volleyball in college. Why don't you look for a volleyball team to join? Or an art class?""Yeah! I saw a website about volunteering the other day." I said. "I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could

20、meet a lot of really nice people that way.""Good idea!" my sister answered excitedly. "Hey, you might even meet the perfect guy." "OK, now you're starting to sound like Mom," I said. "Thanks a lot for the advice. I'm going online right now. I'll le

21、t you know what happens. Will you be home tonight?""No, but I'll be here all day t omorrow, so give me a call," my sister replied. "Good luck!" 19. What was the writer's problem?A. She was cheated by her friend online.B. She was refused by a volleyball team.C. She co

22、uldn't meet people in her new city.D. She felt discouraged in her college.20. The writer's sisterA. lives in the same city as the writerB. doesn't have any advice for the writerC. had the same problem when she finished collegeD. She didn't go to college, but understands the writer

23、9;s problem21. The writer is probably going toA. become a member of a football teamC. join a book club like her sister did22. What's the best title for this passage?A. Looking for Fun Online.C. Chatting with Friends Online.CArtificial intelligence （AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program o

24、r a machine to think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with the name "artificial intelligence" in 1955. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same

25、 way as we do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically （逻辑地）.At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech, recognizing（识另1J） human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing in some game syste

26、ms like Chess and Alpha Go （阿尔法狗）.Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if _it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking （霍金）, a well-known British scientist, was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language of AI. If we raise the standard in the learning of math, our s

27、tudents will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future. We not only want bright students, but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary fo

28、r AI designing.Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field. 23. From Paragraph 1, we know that .A. all problems can be solved by AIB. machines with AI can think

29、andlearnC. AI has been around for only 60 years.D. AI works in the same way as humans英语试卷第3页（共24页）英语试卷第4页（共24页）24. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to（指的是） .A. ChessB. Alpha GoC. the dangerD. AI-25-According to the writer and the following school report, which student will mo

30、st probably become a successful AI designer?School ReportSubject/NameMath（100）Art （100）Computer（ 100）二-TTTT.二此fMTTfef609595Peter956590Amy659095Cathy959560二号 卷生二 考二Af-fTTke.B. Peter.C. Amy.D. Cathy.26. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists'about AI.A. wishesB. worriesC. feelingsD. discoverie

31、s_D一 一nrour culture, the ability to make one's own decisions is important. John F. Kennedy's二 上_quote （弓 I语）"Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought."二 二 shows an unpleasant truth.二 二Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by other

32、s, and we often accept名 二-i1s"infoTrhation without spending much time thinking it over for ourselves.姓二答二In today's world, we are being presented with information, ideas and beliefs, but many ofthem are against each other. Psychology（心、理学）tells us that if we hear an idea enough times,二or 心

33、t comes from someone we respect （尊敬）,we will probably believe that idea. In these二fffffffcasesffffe base our opinions on the opinions of others. If each of us does not think about this二information for ourselves and come to our own conclusions , we will become nothing more校than parrots（鹦鹉）quoting the

34、 opinions of others.巫Examples of spreading fake news without thought can be seen on the Internet. Some+ffT-peoplebelieve whatever they read and then share the story without thinking about the facts.All it takes is one quick click （,点击）of the "share" button, and the story travels on its way

35、 toinfluence even more unthinking readers. This can cause serious problems.If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear, and form our own ffT-opTinioinsf-we will be more thoughtful, more independent, and more creative people, but few take that time. Yet we need not lose heart ov

36、er this bad habit. In fact, simply becoming aware（意识至U ） of it is the first step towards correcting it. Once we become aware that we tend （趋 向）to hold opinions and beliefs without thinking them through, we can change that pattern of behavior. Hopefully, we can learn to experience and enjoy the "

37、;discomfort of thought" and form our own opinions.27. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To describe how Internet news spreads.B. To explain why people don't have their own opinions.C. To tell people that they should have their own thoughts.D. To warn people not to believe other peop

38、le's ideas.28. The underlined word "fake" in Paragraph 4 probably means.A. untrueB. unhappy C. unfairD. unusual29. How can we have our own opinions according to the passage?A. By spreading the information we receive.B. By learning more about psychology.C. By quoting others' opinion

39、s like parrots.D. By thinking about what we read and hear.30. We can probably find this passage in a book about.A. historyB. education C. sportsD. languages三、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，每小题l分，共计5分）下面是有关支付宝（Alipay）的英文版使用说明，请根据图片所示步骤，从 AE中选择正确的选项与图片配对。31. 5.A. Fill in the price and the password carefully.B

40、. Use your smartphone to scan the Alipay QR code （二维码）.C. Add a bank card and enter your card information.D. The payment completion page is shown after you click the "pay" button.E. Get the app of Alipay. Sign up with your mobile phone number, then set a password.四、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题l分，共计15分

41、）英语试卷第5页（共24页）英语试卷第6页（共24页）Otirthe Seven而A.根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）。36. April is the（第四）month of the year.37. The（努力）you work, the more progress you'll make.38. There will be a high-speed railway, （在之间 ）Ningbo and Zhoushan.39. The use of new energy cars helps to reduce air（污染）.40. Drink

42、ing too much juice can be （有害的）to people's teeth.41. I met a friend of（她的）in the street yesterday.42. I can't hear you（清楚地）.Please speak a little bit louder.43. - Who is（敲）at the door? - Maybe it's the postman.44. Liu Chuanjian is considered a（英雄）because he safely landed the damaged plan

43、e.45. Mr. Smith（亲吻）his wife and kids before he goes to work every day.B.用方框中所给予词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一尸）。real pleasure pioneer invent dailyPaul: Hey, Jenny, the subject for my school project is "Small inventions that changed the world". Can you help me think of an invention?Jenny: With 46! Let

44、 me think . hmm . I know! The zipper!Paul: The zipper? Is it 47 such a great invention?Jenny: Think about how often it's used in our 48 lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags . almost everywhere! I saw a website last week. The 49 of different inventions were listed there. F

45、or example, it mentioned that the zipper was _ 50 by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn't used widely.Paul: So when did it become popular?Jenny: Around 1917.五、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题l分，共计10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Once upon a time, an eagle（老鹰）was flying in the sky when he

46、suddenly saw a beautiful hen. The eagle came near the hen and said, "My pretty hen, I Love you. Will you be 51_ （I） wife?"The hen was scared for the eagle was so strong. Her husband, the cock had gone out to look for food and her kids had gone away somewhere lo play with other 52（child）. T

47、hehen quickly answered, "I'm willing to be, but let me first grow wings like yours, so I can fly 英语试卷第7页（共24页）53 high as you." The eagle replied, "OK! This ring is for you as a sign of our betrothal （订 婚）.Tie it around your neck till I return."The hen agreed 54 （do） so, and t

48、he eagle flew away.When the cock met the hen the next day, he was very 55（surprise） to see the ringaround her neck. He said, "Where did you get that ring? Throw it away immediately."The hen did this and the cock was cheerful I again. But at the weekend, the eagle came 56.The frightened hen

49、 hid herself behind her door but the eagle soon found her out. Suddenly he cried, "Where 57（be） the ring that I gave you? Why are you not wearing it?"The hen was very scared and said, "Forgive me l I lost it yesterday. I was walking in the garden when I met a large snake. I was 58 fri

50、ghtened that I ran fast. When I got home, I couldn't find it."The eagle looked at the hen 59（ angry） and said, "I don't believe you. You havehurt me. I will punish you. 60 you don't marry me, I will snatch（抓）away all your chickens from you. But I will promise to forgive you onl

51、y if you find my ring. Good-bye!"Ever since, all the hens in the world have been scratching （轻抓）the ground to find the eagle's ring.六、书面表达（本题有1小题，共计20分）今年5月11日，你校组织了一次社会实践活动，部分学生选择去了红星农场（见导图一），其余学生选择去了科技博物馆（见导图二）。请根据你所选择的实践活动写一篇英语日记，记录当天的经历和感受。TffjrupwUttQFi" 0Out Hip tcHongxing Fa mn

52、a gMi”:I ccUfiQS.依K dhtfctacra；.注意：（1）日记必须包括你所选择导图的所有要点，并适当发挥；（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；（3）词数：80100。日记格式及首句己给出，不计入总词数。Friday, May 11th Today I had a school trip.英语试卷第8页（共24页）浙江省宁波市2018 年初中学业水平考试英语答案解析一、完形填空1 .【答案】B【解析】句意为：在我很小的时候，我对自己要成为什么样的人有很强烈的意识，但是这次事故让我重新审视了自己。根据句意可知，空格前后句之间存在转折关系。故选B 。【考点】考查连词辨析。2 .【答

53、案】C【解析】句意为：对我来说滑冰是最重要的。在这个世界上没有什么事情能给我带来这样的欢乐。 nothing 意为“没有什么”，符合语境。故选C。【考点】考查不定代词辨析。3 .【答案】A【解析】句意为：我一周要花24 个小时来练习滑冰技巧。skill 意为“技巧”； behavior 意为“行为” ； thought 意为“想法”； habit 意为“习惯”。故选 A。【考点】考查名词辨析。4 .【答案】D【解析】meeting 意为“会议”； party 意为“聚会”； concert 意为“音乐会”； competition 意为“比赛”。根据空格前的first place medals

54、 可知此处指滑冰比赛。故选D。【考点】考查名词辨析。5 .【答案】C【解析】quickly意为"迅速地"；softly意为“柔软地"；badly意为"严重地"；slowly意为“缓慢地”。根据下文医生说作者以后不能再滑冰了可知，作者受伤严重。故选C。【考点】考查副词辨析。6 .【答案】B【解析】根据语境可知，作者做了X 光及核磁共振的检查之后.医生告诉他以后不能再滑冰了。故选B 。【考点】考查名词辨析。7 .【答案】B【解析】useful意为"有用的"；basic意为"基本的"；proper意为"

55、;适当的"；busy意为“忙英语试卷第 10 页（共 24 页）碌的“。根据空格前的"even"和空格后的"daily tasks”可知，作者不仅背部疼痛难忍，连基本的日常活动都变得很困难。故选B。【考点】考查形容词辨析。8 .【答案】D【解析】find out 意为 “查明” ； bring back 意为 “带回来， 恢复” ； wake up 意为 “唤醒” ； takeaway 意为“带走”。根据空格后的“I had little sense of who I was to become ”可知，作者对滑冰的激情消失了。故选D。【考点】考查动词短

56、语辨析。9 .【答案】A【解析】change意为"改变"；remain意为"保留"；leave意为"离开"；arrive意为“到达"。根据下文内容可知，作者决定做出改变。故选A。【考点】考查动词辨析。10 .【答案】A【解析】energy 意为“精力”； duty 意为“职责”； wealth 意为“财富”； spirit 意为“精神”。根据下文描述的作者做游泳老师和阅读助教可知，此处指作者把精力投入到当地的社区服务项目中。故选A。【考点】考查名词辨析。11 .【答案】C【解析】句意为：通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童阅读助教a

57、s意为“当作，作为"，符合语境。故选C。【考点】考查介词辨析。12 .【答案】A【解析】want意为“想要"；start意为“开始"；promise意为“许诺"；live意为“居住，生活” 。 句意为： 通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童阅读助教，我有了想成为什么样的人的想法。故选 A。【考点】考查动词辨析。13 .【答案】D【解析】run 意为“跑”； jump 意为“跳”； stand 意为“站立”； step 意为“走”。根据空格后的 “ rebuilt my confidence ” 可知作者逐渐从阴影中走出来，并重新树立了自信。Step out of

58、是固定短语，意为“从走出去”，符合语境。故选 Do【考点】考查动词辨析。英语试卷第 12 页（共 24 页）14 .【答案】B【解析】small 意为“小的”； large 意为“大的”； ugly 意为“丑陋的”； round 意为“圆的”。根据下句中的“ try to climb over ” 可知， 此处指有时候一些巨石阻碍了我们的道路。故选B。【考点】考查形容词辨析。15 .【答案】C【解析】manage 意为“设法”； help 意为“帮助”， fail 意为“失败，未做”； continue 意为“继续” 。根据最后一段最后一句“Today I'm a very confident and optimistic person ”可知，事故没有阻止作者走向成功。故选C。【考点】考查动词辨析。二、阅读理解A16 .【答案】C【解析】根据表格第一栏中第句中的“I lost my purse without even knowing it