现在完成时上课用学习教案

1、现在完成现在完成(wn chng)时上课用时上课用第一页，共53页。一)构成(guchng):have/has+动词(dngc)过去分词第1页/共53页第二页，共53页。三、过去分词的构成(guchng)原形原形过去分词过去分词 原形原形过去分词过去分词travelvisitmovestopstayfinishownshoplearnrepairtravelledmovedstayedownedlearnedvisitedstoppedfinishedshoppedrepairedA 规则(guz)动词的过去分词第2页/共53页第三页，共53页。第3页/共53页第四页，共53页。第4页/共53

2、页第五页，共53页。B 不规则动词(dngc)的过去分词原形原形过去分词过去分词 原形原形过去分词过去分词thinkputcatchcostgivegrowmakehurtwriterunthoughtcaughtgivenmadewrittenputcostgrownhurtrun第5页/共53页第六页，共53页。原形原形过去分词过去分词原形原形过去分词过去分词feelbringfallwearflysinghaveforgetdrinkkeepfeltfallenflownhaddrunkbroughtwornsungforgottenkept第6页/共53页第七页，共53页。不规则动词(

3、dngc)原型-过去式-过去分词形式：1） AAA型(三种都一样(yyng)如：cost cost cost cut cut cut hurt hurt hurt shut shut shut set set set 2）ABB型(过去式与过去分词相同) 如: bring-brought-brought catch caught caught lead led led 第7页/共53页第八页，共53页。3） ABC型(三种都不一样) 如：begin-began-begun grow grew grown ring rang rung break broke broken 4）ABA型(原形(y

4、unxng)与过去分词相同) 如: come-came-come become became become run ran run 第8页/共53页第九页，共53页。I.写出下列动词写出下列动词(dngc)的过去分词形式的过去分词形式.II.wake _ 2. teach _ III.3. sell _4. see _ IV. 5. ride _ 6. pay _V.7. choose _ 8. throw _ VI. 9. think _10. eat _ VII. 11. drive _ 12. catch _VIII.13. bring _ 14. break _IX. 15. give

5、 _16. get _X.17. know _ 18. open _XI. 19. write _ 20. forget _Woken taughtSold seenRidden paid Chosen thrownThought eaten Driven caught Brought brokenGiven gotten Known openedWritten forgotten第9页/共53页第十页，共53页。二) 含义(hny):( 一 ) 表 示 过 去 发 生 的 动 作(dngzu)或事情对现在的影响和产生的结果.它强调的是过去的动作(dngzu)同现在的联系.常用的时间状语有al

6、ready, yet, ever, never, just, before等.第10页/共53页第十一页，共53页。 (定义二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现在,有可能(knng)继续下去的动作或状态.通常和for或since引导的时间状语连用.第11页/共53页第十二页，共53页。S(主语(zhy)）+have/has(助动词）+PP(过去分词)+(其他）。第12页/共53页第十三页，共53页。第13页/共53页第十四页，共53页。S+have/hasnt.第14页/共53页第十五页，共53页。I havent seen him since his wedding day .Have yo

7、u seen him since his wedding day?第15页/共53页第十六页，共53页。 Has he written to you since you have been ill? He hasnt written to me since I have been ill第16页/共53页第十七页，共53页。1. 现在完成(wn chng)时中标志词的用法区别1.Already肯定句: 句中(助后实前)/句末 “己经”一般疑问句: 句末(表示(biosh)惊讶的语气) “难道” Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常见) = Ive had bre

8、akfast already.(表示(biosh)强调) Have you had breakfast already?第17页/共53页第十八页，共53页。注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在(xinzi)完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.第18页/共53页第十九页，共53页。2. yet在现在完成(wn chng)时中的用法 否定句:句末 “还(没)”疑问句: 句末 “己经” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have

9、 you had breakfast yet?第19页/共53页第二十页，共53页。注: 带already的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时,将already要变成yet放在句末. Eg. I have already done my homework.否定句:一般(ybn)疑问句:I havent done my homework yet.Have you done your homework yet?第20页/共53页第二十一页，共53页。 3. ever在现在完成(wn chng)时中的用法 肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经(cngjng)” Eg. Ive ever been to Beij

10、ing. Have you ever been to Beijing? 第21页/共53页第二十二页，共53页。4. never在现在(xinzi)完成时中的用法否 定 句 : 句 中 “ 从 来(cngli)没有”Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.第22页/共53页第二十三页，共53页。注: 带ever的肯定句变否定(fudng)句时, 要将ever变成never; 带ever的一般疑问句作否定(fudng)回答时可用“No, never.”Eg. He has ever made dumplings.否定句:Have they ever travelled by

11、train?No, never.He has never made dumplings.第23页/共53页第二十四页，共53页。5. just在现在完成(wn chng)时中的用法用于句中, 表示(biosh)“刚刚”Eg. Ive just had breakfast. W h a t h a v e they just done?第24页/共53页第二十五页，共53页。6. before在现在完成时中(sh zhn)的用法用于句末, 表示(biosh)“以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?第25页/共53页第二

12、十六页，共53页。 (定义二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现在,有可能继续下去的动作或状态.通常和for或since引导(yndo)的时间状语连用.第26页/共53页第二十七页，共53页。1.for +Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years.一段时间第27页/共53页第二十八页，共53页。2. since +从句(一般(ybn)过去时) 词组(cz) (表示过去(guq)某一时间的)时间点Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5

13、 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.第28页/共53页第二十九页，共53页。注2): 对for或since引导的时间状语(zhungy)提问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?第29页/共53页第三十页，共53页。注3): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引

14、导(yndo)的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于how long引导(yndo)的问句中. Eg.(误)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 第30页/共53页第三十一页，共53页。 短 暂 性 动 词(dngc)与延续动词(dngc)间的转换第31页/共53页第三十二页，共53页。5.短暂动词(dngc)和延续动词(dngc)转换短暂短暂性动词性动词延续性动词延续性动词becomefinishreturngo/leaveopen/closebegin/startenddiecatch a co

15、ldbecome interested inget married瞬间(shn jin)动词 vs延续动词第32页/共53页第三十三页，共53页。瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reach第33页/共53页第三十四页，共53页。He has been at the station for half an hour .or He arrived at the station half an hour agoHe _the League since two years ago Joined B. has jo

16、ined C. has been in翻译：这个翻译：这个(zh ge)电影已经放映十五分钟了电影已经放映十五分钟了-The film has been on for fifteen minutes.第34页/共53页第三十五页，共53页。 have /has been to，have / has gone to， have / has been in的用法(yn f)区别 1 “ Have /has been to+地名 ”表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经(y jing)回到说话地点，常与once 、twice、ever、never 等时间连用。2 “ have / has gone to +地

17、名 ”表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点。3 “ have / has been in +地名 ”表示“在某地”。指一种存在状态巧记 ： been to ，gone to been in 意不同，三者用法要记清； have / has been to + 地名，曾经到过某地行； have / has gone to + 地点，到某地去了已走远。 have / has been in +地名， 已经(y jing)在某地了。第35页/共53页第三十六页，共53页。have been to haventhas gone to第36页/共53页第三十七页，共53页。四)It is +一段时间

18、 +since+句子(一般(ybn)过去时) =一段时间+has passed +since + 句子(一般(ybn)过去时) Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.第37页/共53页第三十八页，共53页。It is just two days since I came hereTwo days has passed since I came here lIt_ (be) ten years since I _(finish) middle scho

19、ol. ishas been finished第38页/共53页第三十九页，共53页。（一）现在(xinzi)完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语(zhungy)连用；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语(zhungy)连用。第39页/共53页第四十页，共53页。He has lived in Beijing since 1999.自1999年以来他一直住在北京(bi jn)。（说明他现在仍然在北京(bi jn)。）He lived in Beji

20、ng in 1999.在1999年的时候他在北京(bi jn)住过。（现在是否住在北京(bi jn)不知道）第40页/共53页第四十一页，共53页。He went to Beijing yesterday. （现在是否住在北京(bi jn)不知道）He has been in Beijing for two days. （说明他现在仍然(rngrn)在北京。）第41页/共53页第四十二页，共53页。 Have mended have did mend mended havent seen joined has been第42页/共53页第四十三页，共53页。 has given smoking

21、 smoke havent come went havent visited第43页/共53页第四十四页，共53页。 for just ever since yet第44页/共53页第四十五页，共53页。II. 将下列将下列(xili)句子中的动词改为现在完成时句子中的动词改为现在完成时.John is drawing a picture. I write my name on the4 card. Tom blows out the light. The cat drinks its milk. The tree falls across the road. My parents give

22、me a present.John has drawn a picture.I have written my name on the card.Tom has blown out the light.The cat has drunk its milk.The tree has fallen across the road.My parents have given me a present.第45页/共53页第四十六页，共53页。单项选择单项选择(xunz)He _ working.A. have just started B. has just startedC. Has just st

23、ars 2. _ you _ your suitcase yet?Do, pack B. did, pack C. Have, packD. Have , packed3. I _ my room already.have tidied B. had tidied C. will tidy第46页/共53页第四十七页，共53页。4. I _ my plane ticket, but I cant find it.A. will buy B. would buy C. have boughtD. have buyed5. -What has Denis done? -He _ over a vase.A.