大学英语精读3课文(第三版)-中英文对照

1、精选Text Book 3Unit 1TextA young man finds that strolling along the streets without an obvious purpose can lead to trouble with thelaw. One misunderstanding leads to another until eventually he must appear in court for trial一个青年发现，在大街上毫无明显目的地游逛会招致警方的责罚。 误会一个接一个发生， 最终他只得出庭受审A Brush with the Law与警察的一场小冲

2、突I have only once been in trouble with the law.我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。The whole process of being arrested and taken to court was a rather unpleasant experience at the time, but itmakes a good story now.被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的 事，但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances bot

3、h of my arrest and my subsequent fate incourt.这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而 出现的种种武断专横的情况。It happened in February about twelve years ago.事情发生在大约12年前，其时正是2月。I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go to university until the following October.几个月前我中学毕业了，但上大学要等到10月。I was still

4、 living at home at the time.当时我还在家中居住。One morning I was in Richmond, a suburb of London near where I lived.一天早晨，我来到里士 满。这里是伦敦的一个郊区，离我住的地方不远。I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go travelling.我在寻找 一份临时工作，以便积些钱去旅游。As it was a fine day and I was in no hurry, I was tak

5、ing my time, looking in shop windows, strolling in the park,and sometimes just stopping and looking around me.由于天气晴朗， 当时又无急事， 我便慢悠悠看看橱窗，逛逛公园。有时干脆停下脚步，四处张望。It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall.现在看来， 一定是这种明显 的毫无目的的游逛，使我倒了霉。It was about half past eleven when it happened.事情

6、发生在11点半钟光景。I was just walking out of the local library, having unsuccessfully sought employment there, when I saw a manwalking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me.我在当地图书馆 谋职未成，刚刚走出来，便看到一个人穿越马路，显然是要来跟我说话。I thought he was going to ask me the time. Instead, he said he was a poli

7、ce officer and he was arresting me.我以为他要问我时间，不料他说他是警官，要逮捕我。At first I thought it was some kind of joke. But then another policeman appeared, this time in uniform, and I wasleft in no doubt.起先我还以为这是在开玩笑， 但又一个警察出现在我的面 前，这次是位身着警服的，这一下使我确信无疑了。But what for? I asked.“为什么要抓我?”我问道。Wandering with intent to c

8、ommit an arrestable offence, he said.“到处游荡， 企图作案， ”他说。Whatoffence? I asked.“作什么案?”我又问。精选Theft, he said.“偷窃， ”他说。Theft of what? I asked.“偷什么?”我追问。Milk bottles, he said, and with a perfectly straight face too!“牛奶瓶， ”他板着面孔说道。Oh, I said.“噢， ”我说。It turned out there had been a lot of petty thefts in the a

9、rea, particularly that of stealing milk bottles fromdoorsteps.事情原来是这样的， 在这一地区多次发生小的扒窃案， 特别是从门前 台阶上偷走牛奶瓶。Then I made my big mistake.接着，我犯了一个大错误。At the time I was nineteen, had long untidy hair, and regarded myself as part of the sixties youthcountercultrue.其时我年方19，留一头蓬乱的长发，自认为是60年代 “青年反主流文化 ”的 一员。As

10、a result, I want to appear cool and unconcerned with the incident, so I said, How long have you beenfollowing me? in the most casual and conversational tone I could manage.所以我想装出一副冷漠的、对这一事件满不在乎的样子。于是我尽量用一种漫不经心的极其随便的腔 调说，“你们跟踪我多久啦?”I thus appeared to them to be quite familiar with this sort of situat

11、ion, and it confirmed them in their belief thatI was a thoroughly disreputable character.这样一来， 在他们眼里， 我就像是非 常熟悉这一套的了，也使他们更加确信我是一个地地道道的坏蛋。A few minutes later a police car arrived.几分钟后，开来了一辆警车。Get in the back, they said. Put your hands on the back of the front seat and dont move them.“坐到后面去， ”他们说。 “把手

12、放到前排座位的靠背上，不准挪动。 ”They got in on either side of me. It wasnt funny any more.他们分别坐在我的两边。这可再也不是闹着玩的了。At the police station they questioned me for several hours.在警察局，他们审讯了我好几个小 时。I continued to try to look worldly and au fait with the situation.我继续装成老于世故、 对这种事习以为常。When they asked me what I had been doi

13、ng, I told them Id been looking for a job.当他们问我在干什么时，我告诉他们在找工作。Aha, I could see them thinking, unemployed.“啊，”我可以想象他们在想，“果然是个失业的 家伙。”Eventually, I was officially charged and told to report to Richmond Magistrates Court the following Monday.Then they let me go.最后，我被正式起诉，并通知我下周一到里士满地方 法庭受审。随后他们让我离开。I

14、wanted to conduct my own defence in court, but as soon as my father found out what had happened, he hireda very good solicitor.我想在法庭上作自我辩护， 但父亲知道这事后， 马上 请了一位高明的律师。We went along that Monday armed with all kinds of witnesses, including my English teacher from school as acharacter witness.我们星期一出庭的时候，带了

15、各种各样的证人，其中包括我中 学的英语老师，做我人品的见证人。But he was never called on to give evidence. My trial didnt get that far.但结果法庭没有叫他作证。我的 “审判 ”没有进行到那一步。The magistrate dismissed the case after fifteen minutes.开庭15分钟， 法官就驳回了对我的指 控。I was free. The poor police had never stood a chance.我无罪获释。可怜的警方一点儿赢的机 会都没有。The solicitor

16、even succeeded in getting costs awarded against the police.我的律师甚至让法庭 责成警方承担了诉讼费用。And so I do not have a criminal record.这样，我的履历上没有留下犯罪的记录。But what was most shocking at the time was the things my release from the charge so clearly depended on.但当时最令人震惊的，是那些显然导致宣布我无罪的证据。精选I had the right accent, respec

17、table middle-class parents in court, reliable witnesses, and I could obviouslyafford a very good solicitor.我讲话的口音 “表明我教养良好 ”，到庭的有体面的中产 阶级的双亲，有可靠的证人，还有，我显然请得起一名很好的律师。Given the obscure nature of the charge, I feel sure that if I had come from a different background, and hadreally been unemployed, ther

18、e is every chance that I would have been found guilty.从对我指控的这种捕风捉影的做法来看， 我肯定， 如果我出身在另一种背景的家庭里， 并且真 的是失了业的话，我完全可能被判有罪。While asking for costs to be awarded, my solicitors case quite obviously revolved around the fact that I had abrilliant academic record.当我的律师要求赔偿诉讼费时，他公然把辩护的证据 建立在我 “学业优异 ”这一事实上。Meanw

19、hile, just outside the courtroom, one of the policemen who had arrested me was gloomily complainingto my mother that another youngster had been turned against the police.与此同时，就在审判室外面， 一位抓我的警察正在沮丧地向我母亲抱怨， 说是又一个小伙子要跟警察作 对了。You could have been a bit more helpful when we arrested you, he said to me repr

20、oachfully.他带着责备的口气对我说， “我们抓你的时候，你本可以稍微帮点忙的。 ”What did he mean?他说这话什么意思?Presumably that I should have looked outraged and said something like, Look here, do you know who youretalking to? I am a highly successful student with a brilliant academic record. How dare you arrest me!大概是说我本该显出愤愤不平的样子，并说， “喂，

21、留神点，你知道你在跟谁 说话?我是学业出众的高材生。你敢抓我!”Then they, presumably, would have apologized, perhaps even taken off their caps, and let me on my way.那样一来，他们或许会向我道歉，说不定还会脱帽致意，让我走开呢。NEW WORDSbrushn. brief fight or encounter小冲突；小接触processn. course; method, esp. one used in manufacture过程；制作法arbitrarya. based on ones o

22、wn opinion only, not on reason任意的；武断的circumstancen. (usu. pl.) conditions, facts, etc. connected with an event or person情况，环境subsequenta. following, later随后的，接下去的faten. what will happen or happened to sb. or sth.命运duea. expected; supposed （to）预期的；约定的；到期的temporarya. lasting only for a limited time暂时的

23、strolla. walk at leisure散步，闲逛obvious精选a. easily seen or understood; clear明显的，显而易见的downfalln. ruin垮台；衰落employmentn. ones regular work or occupation; job职业；工作wandervi. move about without a purpose闲逛；漫游commitvt. do （sth. wrong, bad, or unlawful）干（坏事），犯（错误、罪）arrestablea. deserving to be arrestedoffence

24、（AmE offense）n. crime; the hurting of feelings; something unpleasant罪行；冒犯；不愉快的事straight facea face or expression that shows no emotion, humor, or thought板着的脸pettya. small; unimportant小的；不足道的doorstepn. a step in front of a doorregardvt. con sider in the stated way把. 看作； 把认为（as）counterculturen. a cult

25、ure, esp. of the young who oppose the traditional standards and customs of their society反主流文化unconcerneda. not worried; untroubled; indifferent无忧虑的；淡漠的casuala. careless; informal漫不经心的，随便的conversationala. of or commonly used in talking会话（用）的confirmvt. make certain; support证实，肯定；确定beliefn. something b

26、elieved; trust相信；信念；信仰thoroughlyad. completely; in every way完全地，彻底地thorough a.disreputablea. having or showing a bad character; having a bad name声名狼籍的worldlya. experienced in the ways of society老于世故的au faita. (F) familiar熟悉的；精通的ahaint. a cry of surprise, satisfaction, etc.啊哈！magistrate精选n. civil off

27、icer acting as a judge in the lowest courts地方法官conductvt. direct the course of; manage处理；主持；引导；指挥defence (AmE defense)n. the act of defending in court the person who has been charged辨护solicitorn. (esp. in Britain) lawyer who advises clients on legal matters and speaks on their behalf in lower courts

28、(初级)律师witnessn. a person who gives evidence in a court of law; sth. serving as evidence or proof证人；证据trialn. the act or fact of examining and deciding a civil or criminal case by a law court审判dismissvt. (of a judge) stop (a court case)驳回，对. 不予受理costn. (pl.) the cost of having a matter settled in a l

29、aw court. esp. that paid to the winning party by the losing party诉讼费awardvt. give by a decision in court of law; give or grant by an official decision判给；授予accentn. way of speaking typical of the natives or residents of a region, or of any other group口音； 腔调respectablea. deserving respect值得尊敬的reliable

30、a. that may be relied or depended upon可靠的，可信赖的givenprep. taking into account; if allowed or provided with考虑到；假定obscurea. not clearly seen or understood模糊的；晦涩的guiltya. having broken a law; showing or feeling that one has done wrong有罪的；内疚的revolvev. (cause to) go round in a circle(使)旋转brillianta. causi

31、ng great admiration or satisfaction; splendid辉煌的；卓越的courtroomn. a room where a law court is held审判室meanwhilead. during the same period of time同时gloomilyad. depressedly, dejectedly忧郁地；沮丧地complainvi. speak in an unhappy, annoyed, dissatisfied way抱怨complaint n.reproachfullyad.责备地presumablyad. probablyo

32、utragevt. arouse an ger or resen tme nt by injury or in suit弓丨起.的气愤successful精选a. having done what one has tried to do; having gained a high position in iife, ones job. etc.成 功的；有成就的apoiogizevi. say one is sorry道歉，谢罪apoiogyn .道歉，歉意PHRASES & EXPRESSIONStake sb. to courtstart an action in iaw against

33、sb.对某人提出诉讼a coupie of(informai) a smaii number of, a few, usuaiiy two少数，几(个) ； 一对save upkeep for future use; put money away in the form of savings储蓄take ones timedo sth. in a ieisureiy manner; not hurry慢慢来，不着急at firstat the beginning起先turn outprove to be结果；证明是caii onask (sb.) to do sth. esp. formaii

34、y要求stand a chancehave an opportunity; be iikeiy to do or get sth.有机会，有希望revoive aroundhave as a center or main subject围绕turn against(cause to) oppose, be hostile toPROPER NAMESRichmond里士满(英国地名)Richmond Magistrates Court里士满地方法院Unit 2TextFruitful Questions获益匪浅的问题The other night at the dinner table, my

35、 three kids-ages 9,6 and 4-took time out from their food fight to teachme about paradigm shifts, and limitations of linear thinking and how to refocus parameters.不久前的一个晚上在餐桌旁，我的三个孩子-年龄分别为 9 岁、6 岁和 4 岁-暂时停止争抢食精选物，腾出时间教我认识什么是范式变换、什么是线性思考的局限以及如何重新看待相关的各种因素。Heres how it happened: We were playing our own

36、 oral version of the Sesame Street game,“What DoesntBelong?,”where kids look at three pictures and choose the one that doesnt fit. Isaid,“OK, what doesnt belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawberry?”事情是这样的：当时我们在 玩自己那套只动嘴的 “哪个不是同一类？ ”的芝麻街游戏。本来玩这游戏时，孩子们要看三张画并挑出那张 不属同一类的画。我说：“来吧，哪个不是同一类，桔子，西红柿，还是草莓？ ”T

37、he oldest didnt take more than a second to deliver his smug answer:“Tomato because the other two arefruits.”I agreed that this was the right answer despite the fact that some purists insist a tomato is a fruit. Tothose of us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomatoes will always be vegetables.老大

38、很快就说出了自以为非常得意的答案： “西红柿，因为其他两种是水果。 ”我承认这是 正确答案，尽管有些纯粹主义者坚决认为西红柿是一种水果。对我们这些从小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西红 柿的人来说，西红柿永远是蔬菜。I was about to think up another set of three when my 4-year-old said,“The right answer is strawberrybecause the other two are round and a strawberry isnt.”How could I argue with that?我正准备再出一道三种东西为一

39、组的题目时，我 4 岁的孩子说： “正确答案是草莓，因为另外两种是圆的， 草莓却不圆。 ”我怎么能驳斥这种论点呢？Then my 6-year-old said,“Itsthe orange because the other two are red.”Not to be outdone by his youngersiblings, the 9-year-old said,“It could also be the orange because the other two grow on vines.”接着，我 6岁的孩子说：不属同一类的是桔子，因为另外两种是红色的。”9岁的孩子不想让弟妹占

40、上风，说道： “不是同一类的也可以是桔子，因为其他两种长在藤上。 ”The middle one took this as a direct challenge.“It could be the strawberry because itsthe onlyone you put on ice cream.”老二把这看作对他发出的挑战。 “可以是草莓，因为只有草莓会放在冰淇淋 上。 ”Something was definitely happening here.毫无疑问，这里正发生着什么事儿。It was messier than a food fight and much more impo

41、rtant than whether a tomato is a fruit or vegetable.这事儿比争抢食物还乱，比西红柿是水果还是蔬菜重要得多。My kids were doing what Copernicus did when he placed the sun at the center of the universe, readjusting thecenturies-old paradigm of an Earth-centered system.哥白尼把太阳视为宇宙中心， 重新调整了地心说这一长达数世纪的范式，我的孩子们正做着哥白尼当年做的事。They were do

42、ing what Reuben Mattus did when he renamed his Bronx ice cream H?agen-Dazs and raised theprice without changing the product.鲁宾 马修斯把他的布朗克斯冰淇淋改名为哈根达 斯，在不改变产品的情况下提高了价格，我的孩子们正做着鲁宾马修斯做过的事。They were doing what Edward Jenner did when he discovered a vaccination for smallpox by abandoning hisquest for a cur

43、e.爱德华 詹纳放弃了寻找治疗天花的特效药，从而发现了能预防这一疾病的疫苗，我的孩子们正做着爱德华詹纳做过的事。Instead of studying people who were sick with smallpox, he began to study people who were exposed to it butnever got sick. He found that theydall contracted a similar but milder disease,cow pox, which vaccinated them against the deadly smallpox

44、.他不去研究得了天花的患者， 而去研究 接触天花却从未染上此病的人。他发现他们都患了一种类似天花但比较轻微的疾病：牛痘；牛痘使他们得 以防止染上致命的天花。They were refocusing the parameters. They were redefining the problems.他们在重新看待相关的 各种因素。他们在重新认识他们的问题。They were reframing the questions.他们在重新表述他们的问题。In short, they were doing what every scientist whos ever made an important

45、discovery throughout historyhas done, according to Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: They were shiftingold paradigms.总之，据托马斯库恩在他的科学革命的结构一书中 所言，他们正做着历史上有过重大发现的科学家都曾精选做过的事：他们在改变旧的范式。But if this had been a workbook exercise in school, every kid who didntcircle tomato wo

46、uld have beenmarked wrong.但假若我们的游戏是学校里做在作业本上的练习， 那么没有把西红柿圈出来的孩子 全都会被批为答错。Every kid who framed the question differently than“Which is not a fruit?”would have been wrong.凡是没有把问题解读为 “哪个不是水果 ”的孩子都是错的。Maybe that explains why so many of the worlds most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in s

47、chool,the most notable being Albert Einstein, who was perhaps this centurysmost potent paradigm-shifter.也许这种情形说明了为什么世界上最杰出的科学家和发明家中有那么多的人读 书时是不及格的学生。其中最引人注目的是阿尔贝特爱因斯坦，他也许是本世纪最有影响的范式改变者。This is not meant to be a critique of schools. Lord knows, thatseasy enough to do.这样说，并不是 想对学校评头品足。天知道，发一通议论太容易了。Th

48、is is, instead, a reminder that there are real limits to the value of information.这样说，不过是想 提醒大家信息的价值实在是有限的。I bring this up because we seem to be at a point in the evolution of our society where everyone is clamoring formore technology, for instant access to ever-growing bodies of information.我提出 这一点

49、，是因为我们的社会似乎发展到了这样一个阶段，人人都大声要求得到更多的技术，大声要求即刻 享用不断增多的信息。Students must be online. Your home must be digitally connected to the World Wide Web.学生们 必须联机。你们家必须用数码与环球信息网连通。Businesses must be able to download volumes of data instantaneously. But unless we shift our paradigmsand refocus our parameters, the s

50、uper information highway will lead us nowhere.企业 必须能即时下载大量资料。但是，除非我们改变范式、重新看待相关的各种因素，否则，信息高速公路就 不会给我们带来什么结果。We are not now, nor have we recently been suffering from a lack of information. Think how much moreinformation we have than Copernicus had four centuries ago.无论是现在还是最近， 我们都不 缺信息。试想我们拥有的信息比四百年前

51、的哥白尼多了多少。And he didntdo anything less Earth-shattering (pun intended) than completely change the way the universewas viewed.但他作出了足以震撼地球的 (权作双关语) 惊人之举， 完全改变了人们对宇宙 的看法。He didntdo it by uncovering more information-he did it by looking differently at information everyone elsealready had looked at.他作出此举不

52、是靠发现更多的信息，而是靠用不同的眼光来看大 家都看到过的信息。Edward Jenner didnt invent preventive medicine by accumulating information; he did it by reframing thequestion.爱德华 詹纳不是靠积累信息发明预防药物，而是靠重新表述问题。What we need as we begin to downshift onto the information highway is not more information but new ways oflooking at it.当我们开始驶入

53、信息高速公路时， 我们所需要的不是更多的信息， 而是看 信息的新方法。We need to discover, as my kids did, that there is more than one right answer, there is more than one rightquestion and there is more than one way to look at a body of information.我们应该像 我的孩子所做的那样，去发现有一个以上的正确答案、有一个以上正确的问题、有一个以上看一堆信息的 方法。We need to remember that when

54、 you have only a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail.我们应该记住：当你只有一把锤子时，你往往把每个问题都看作钉子。Unit 3TextEvery teacher probably asks himself time and again: What are the reasons for choosing teachingas a career?也许每位教师都一再问过自己：为什么选择教书作为自己的职业？Do the rewards teaching outweigh the trying comments? Answe

55、ring these questions is not a simple task. Lets精选see what the author says.教书得到的回报是否使老师的烦恼显得不值得多 谈？回答这些问题并非易事。让我们看看本文的作者说了些什么。Why I Teach我为什么当教师Peter G. BeidlerWhy do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didnt want to be considered for anadministrative position.你为什么要教书呢?当我告诉

56、一位朋友我不想谋求 行政职务时，他便向我提出这一问题。He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a step up toward what all Americans are taught towant when they grow up: money and power.所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应 该追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不要明明是朝这个目标 “迈进 ”的工作，他为之大惑不解。Certainly I dont teach because teaching is easy for me.当然， 我之所以教书不是因为我觉

57、得教 书轻松。Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter,writer.我做过各种各样的工作，籍以谋生：机修工、木工、作家，教书是其中最 难的一行。For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession.对我来说，教书是个会 令人熬红眼睛、手掌出汗、精神沮丧的职业。Red-eye, because I never feel ready to

58、teach no matter how late I stay up preparing.说熬红眼睛， 这是因为我晚上无论备课备到多晚，总觉得备得还不充分。Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for thefool that I am.说手掌出汗，这是因为我跨进教室之前总是非常紧张，自认为学生 一定会发觉原来我是个傻瓜蛋。Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour la

59、ter convinced that I was even more boring thanusual.说精神沮丧， 这是因为我1小时后走出教室时， 确信这堂课上得比平常还 要平淡无味。Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.我之所以教书， 也不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题， 或者因为我有满腹学问， 觉得 非与别人分享不可。Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take not

60、es on what I say in class!有时我感到 很惊异，学生竟真的把我课上讲的东西做了笔记!Why, then, do I teach?这样说来，我为什么还要教书呢?I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. June, July, and August offer an opportunity forreflection, research and writing.我教书，是因为我喜爱校历的步调。6月、7月和8月提供了一个供思考、研究和创作的机会。I teach because teaching is a