大学英语四级强化训练VocabularyandStructure(附答案解析与详解)

1、大学英语四级强化训练Vocabulary and Structure 答案Directions: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through th

2、e centre.1. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to enterprises.A)movable B)changing C)flexible D)varyingThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选c. flexible adj .“灵活的易弯曲的，柔韧的" movable adj . “活 动的，可移动的；时间不固定的"。hanging adj .“变化中的varying adj .“不同程度 的”2. My mo

3、ther cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it enoughto eat.A)light B)render C)slight D)mildThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. Tender adj ."嫩的;温柔的；疼痛的，一触即痛的”(如Themeat is tender ； Her skin is very tender , like a baby's ; The leaves In spring are green and tender ) light ad

4、j . “轻的，少量的;淡色的，浅色的" slight adj . “轻 微的，微小的；纤细的，瘦弱的"mild adj .”温和的；和缓的；温暖的，暖和的”3. If I had more time, I should take golf as a hobby.A)toB)onC)overD)upThe correct answer: d Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选D)。take up意为“开始(某种爱好)，从事(某项活动): 符合句意。take to ”喜欢，养成(某种爱好)take on ”承担(任务)呈现，接受”； take over "

5、接受，接收”均不符合句意。4. If a person helps a criminal, he is also considered of the crime.A)consciousB)aware C)knowledgeableD)guiltyThe correct answer: D Your answer:()讲评：本题应选d. guilty (of) adj. "有罪的;内疚的”(如The jury found himguilty of arson ； Who is guilty of taking the last piece of cake ? feel guilty f

6、or/about sth/at-ing ； have a guilty conscience ) conscious of “意 识到的，知道的" aware of "意识到的，知道的'knowledgeable (about) adj. “在行 的，对有丰富知识的”5. Don't this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.A)releaseB)relieve C)relateD)inform,The correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评：本题应选a. re

7、lease vt.公布，发布，公开，发表，发行；释放，解放；放开，松开relieve vt. “减轻，解除，缓解；救济，援救" relate v. "与有关联(to);使相互关联；叙述，讲述" inform (sb of) vt. “告诉，通知”6. The island lies to south of Kwantung.A)the B)a C)/ D)anThe correct answer: a Your answer:()讲评:本题应选A）。表示地理位置、方向的名词前通常要加上定冠词7. When I was very young, I was terri

8、bly frightened of school, but I soonit.A）got off B）got acrossC）got over D）got awayThe correct answer: C Your answer:（）讲评：本题应选c.get over ”从（疾病、失望、震惊、畏惧等）中恢复过来；克服（困难），解决（问题）" get off "飞车、船、飞机）；逃脱惩罚" get across“他讲话）被了解，把讲清楚（让人听明白）" get away ”走开离开；（携） 逃脱（with） ”8. I asked him where m

9、y sister was, and he the store across thestreet.A)indicatedB)displayedC)pointed D)showedThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评：本题应选a. indicate vt.(用手指或目光)标示，表示，指向；表明，显示 (如 indicate the direction by pointing with a finger ； Fever indicates illness /that a person is 川.)display vt. “陈歹U, 展览； 显不出"p

10、oint (at/to) vi. ”指, 指向；表明" show vt. “显示，出示；表明，证明”9. Fortunately, the patient was out of.A)hazard B)peril C)danger D)riskThe correct answer: c Your answer:()讲评：本题应选C)。out of danger是固定词组，意为“脱离危险：符合句意。10. A number of cars in front of the restaurant.A)is parkingB)are parkingC)has parkedD)is topark

11、The correct answer: b Your answer:()讲评：本题应选B)。a number of (许多)作主语时，其谓语动词均用复数；但the number of (的数目)后的谓语动词均用单数。11. Important people don't often have much free time as their work all their time.A)takes awayB)takes over C)takes up D)takes inThe correct answer: c Your answer:()讲评：本题应选C) o take up意为“占用

12、”符合题意，为正确答案，take away,take over, take in分别作“拿走”“接收、接管,”“领会、接受”解。12. What's the distance you've ever walked?A)minimumB)maximumC)finite D)vastThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选b. maximum adj. /n. “最大的，最高的；最大限度，最 大量”(如 He smokes a maximum of 10 cigarettes a day; The sound has reached

13、its maximum; The maximum speed on this roads is 60 miles per hour.) minimum n . /adj. “最低限度，最少量；最低的，最小的"日nite adj . “有 限的" vast adj .”巨大的，广阔的；大量的，很多的”13. I was a small country house, but it was large urban standards.A)at B)for C)by D)formThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评：本题应选c.by - st

14、andards "按照的标准来衡量”(不与其他三个介词搭配）14. This year the farmers were just able to gather in the before thefine weather came to an end.A)collectionB)seed C)yieldD)harvestThe correct answer: DYour answer:()讲评：本题应选d. harvest n.u收获，收割；c收成”(如The slimmerharvest is about to start; There was a large apple harv

15、est this year. ) collection n. “收集，采集；收藏品”(参见注830) seed n. “种，种子”yield n .”产量；收益” 15. It was essential that the application forms back before the deadline.A)must be sentB)would be sentC)be sentD)were sentThe correct answer: c Your answer:()讲评： 在一些以"It is +形容词+that从句”表示愿望、建议、命令等的句型中， that列出的主语从句

16、，其谓语动词须用虚拟语气，即：谓语须用 “should+原形”， should可省略。所以C)为正确答案。16. As we are going to the market, we will call in at your father's office.A)either B)as well C)also D)tooThe correct answer: c Your answer:()讲评：本题应选 C)。四个选项都意为“也”，either只用于否定句中，aswell,also,too用于肯定句。too和as well多用于旬末，also放在动词之前。17. The brutal b

17、ombing of Yugoslavia by the U.S. and its NATO allies, which was claimed to have been made for the protection of human rights, resulted as a matter of fact in hundreds. Of thousands of fleeing to neighbouringcountries.A)exiles B)emigrantsC)refugees D)victimsThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评： 本题应

18、选c. refugee n .“难民”exile n .(因政治或宗教原因)“被流放 者，流亡国外者，背井离乡者” emigrant n .(移居国外的)“移民”victim n . “牺牲 品，受害者”18. He is always giving his wife.A)in to B)in C)up D)offThe correct answer: a Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选A)。give in to意为“向 投降，对 让步”，符合句意。 give in，“让步，妥协;" give up，"放弃，戒掉;" give off，“散发出(光、

19、气味等)； 均不符合句意。19. When a society is polarized, the Left confronts the extremeRight and there's nobody in between.A)fundamentalB)radical C)firm D)completeThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. Radical adj .“激进的激进派的”(如 His opinions are veryradical ; He's fairly radical in his opinions. )

20、 fundamental (to) adj. “根本的， 基 本的为irm adj. “坚定的，坚决的'complete adj .“完全的，完整的”20. Prof. Beidler, who teaches English literature at the California State University, divides his time teaching, writing and lecturing.A)duringB)amongC)intoD)betweenThe correct answer: d Your answer:()讲评：本题应选D)。动词divide可与

21、介词between连用，between之后通常是几个单数名词，表示两两之间的关系。21. I her not to walk on the thin ice but she wouldn't listen to me.A)warnedB)suggestedC)persuadedD)consultedThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选 a. warn vt. “警告，告诫(句型： warn sb of/abut danger ; warn sb against-ing/not t-V/warn sb that) suggest vt.

22、 “建议，提议句型： suggest sth /-ing ； suggest that sb do sth ;不说 suggest sb to-V) persuade vt. “说服，劝服; 使相信”(句型：persuade sb to V/into-ing ； persuade sb not to V/out of-ing ； persuade sb of /that "使相信'"consult vt. "向请教； 查阅(资料)'；vi. "商议，交换意见”(不跟带不定式的复合结构)22. The from hand-made to m

23、achine-made shoes was accomplished very slowly.A)changeoverB)turnover C)takeover D)handoverThe correct answer: a Your answer:()讲评：本题应选A)。changeover意为“改变，转换符合句意。turnover , “倒转，营业额"；takeover ,that the“接收，接管" handover , “移交的”均不符合句意。23. Prices continued to rise while wages remained lowGovernme

24、nt became increasingly unpopular.A)on conditionB)with the resultC)providedD)inorderThe correct answer: b Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选B)°with the result that，"其结果是'符合句意。on condition that. “如果，条件是'"provided that，“只要"in order that "为的是”均不符合题 意24. The project is not a failure.

25、 It is a success in some respects.A)altogether B)neverthelessC)but D)thereforeThe correct answer: a Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选A)。not altogether意为“并非完全是:25. It was unwise of him to the unreliable data in his speech.A)turn to B)refer to C)keep to D)point toThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选b. re

26、fer (to) vi. “参考，查阅；提到，涉及：vt. “让去找“(如 refer to a dictionary ； refer to a history book ; The lady was referring toBill when she spoke of a bright lad ; This rule refers to (适用于')everyone ; Don't refer to the matter again ； This dispute will be referred to an arbitrator. ) turn to (for) “找 (寻求

27、帮助)" keep to "坚持;遵守，信守"point to“指向”26. Anyone who has spent time with children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to situations.A)similar B)alike C)sameD)likely讲评：本题应选a. similar (to) adj.“相似的类似的"alike adj.(只作表语)“同样的，想像的" same adj .“相同的，一样的”(必须与走冠词连用

28、)likely adj .(定 语)“可能的，有希望的”27. The automobile salesman gave us some on the latest models.A)message B)documentC)literature D)paperThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评：本题应选 c. literature (on/about) n. u “文献图书资料”(go throughthe literature on the subject ; an extensive literature dealing with the Firs

29、t World War) message n .“信息，口信,便条，电文；启示,要旨" document n . c(指 正式的)“公文，文件，文献" paper n ."报纸；文件，文章，论文”28. , we didn't go out for a picnic.A)Being a hot dayB)It a hot dayC)The day being hotD)The day to be hotThe correct answer: c Your answer:()讲评：本题应选C)o当分词短语的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，应用分词独立结构作状语。

30、常见的分词独立结构表达如下：“名词(或代词)+分词短语”；with (without)+名词+分词短语”。29. are better than words when people are in need of help.A)BehaviorsB)ConductsC)DeedsD)PerformancesThe correct answer: AYour answer:()讲评： 本题应选c. deed n .。实际)行动，行为；功绩'(如Deeds , not words , are needed ; to support the revolution in deed as well

31、 as in word ) behavior n . c“行为，举止；(机器)运转情况" conduct n. c “举止，行为peformance n. “工作 情况，表现；履行，执行；演出，表演”(参见注736)30. His job at the hospital did not pay much, so he found anotherA)side by side B)hand in hand C)on the side D)on his sideThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选c. on the side "

32、作为兼职作为副业，正事以外”(如She takesin laundry on the side ; He ordered a hamburger with onions and French frieson the side .) side by side “肩并肩，一起" hand in hand “手拉手；同时并进地， 密切关联地" on sb's side "在一边；支持”1. The upright official urged himself to be to any possible bribery.A)alert B)watchful C)c

33、areful D)cautiousThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评：本题应选a. Alert (to/for) adj. “警觉的，警惕的；留神的，注意的”(to be alert to any possible error ； be alert in answering questions ; be alert for any sign of change in the critically ill patient ) watchful (for/of) adj. “注意；注 意寻找；提防" careful (of/about/in) a

34、dj. “小心的仔细的" cautious (of) adj.(由 于恐怕出错而)“十分小心的，谨慎的”2. He is so intelligent that he above all the others in his class.A)topsB)towersC)exceedsD)excelsThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. tower vi.('本义)高耸，屹立；(引中)(原义或比喻)高出，超出(over / above )(如 The mountain towered into the sky； The sky

35、scraper towered above the other buildings ； In ability he towers over the rest of them .) top vt. "居之上，位之首； 高过，超过"(不用 above /over)exceed vt. “超过，胜过；越出(参见注1108) excel vi.(在智慧、技术、能力上)比强”；vi. “突出地好”3. Many species of animals which once lived on the earth are no longer inA)existenceB)survivalC

36、)lifeD)realityThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选 a. existence n. “存在(be in existence “存在"come into existence 开始存在；go out of existence 不复存在)survival n. “幸存，继续生存； 幸存者，残存物" in reality “实际上”4. Myra showed no signs of emotion till she reached home, she broke down completely.A)as B)whe

37、n C)after D)becauseThe correct answer: b Your answer:()讲评：本题应选B)。句中when相当于and then ,意为“那时;"前面用逗号隔开。5. The headmaster had a very manner when he spoke to the whole school.A)strictB)sincereC)sternD)solemnThe correct answer: D Your answer:()讲评：本题应选d. solemn adj .“严肃的;庄严的，隆重的”(a stiff solemn look/ex

38、pression /manner/ceremony ； solemn music ； make a solemn decision ) strict adj.严格的，严厉的；严谨的，精确的；完全的，不折不扣的 sincere adj. “诚挚的，真诚的，诚恳的"(参见注580) stern adj. “严厉的，严格 的，严峻的；坚定的”6. Any government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must be prepared to accept the.A)results B)outcomeC)consequence

39、sD)endingsThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评：本题应选c. consequence n . c(多数情况下指不好的)“结果，后果'(女口 Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous consequences ； Nobody can tell what the consequences may be.) result n . c('事 情发展的)结果；成果，成绩" outcome (= result) n. “结果ending n . “结尾，结 局”7. Seei

40、ng the commander in the very frontline the fighting spirit ofthe soldiers.A)inspiredB)hoisted C)boosted D)magnifiedThe correct answer: C Your answer:()讲评：本题应选c. boost vt.“推动，激励；提高，使增长；宣扬"(boost themorale < 士气 > of the fighters; boost the spring cultivation ) inspire vt. “鼓舞,激起；给以灵感”（注：以人作

41、宾语，如inspire sb to-V; inspire sb to greater efforts ) hoist vt. “举起；升起；(用吊车)吊起" magnify vt. “扩大，放大；夸大, 夸张”8. People were surprised to find that Mr. Johnson had the ability to everything he was involved in.A)prevail B)dominate C)preside D)instructThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. domi

42、nate vt. “支配，统治，控制；在中居首要地位；(高山、高大建筑物)耸立于，俯视(周围较低的同类)”(如The strong usually dominate over the weak ; A great man can dominate over others by force of character ； The skyscraper dominates the city.) prevail (over) vi. 右上风；盛行，风行preside vi.主持，主管"instruct vt. “教育，指导；指不，命令， 通知”9. Clouds are gathering;

43、 I think we'd better the Zoo in case it startsto rain.A)go for B)look for C)search for D)head forThe correct answer: D Your answer:()讲评：本题应选d. head/be headed for "朝行进定向如They headedfor the mountains for their vacation ； Where are you heading /headed for ?) (head for还可用于贬义，表示将会碰到不好的结果， 如If yo

44、u go on with him , you're heading for disaster .)go for "设法得到;袭击；适用于”(如 Ken's going for the tennis championship this year ； He went for him with a knife ; These remarks go for all of you. ) look for “寻找Search for “寻，寻找”10. Our journey was very slow because the train stopped at different

45、villages.A)continuallyB)continuouslyC)graduallyD)unceasinglyThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选a. continually ady .“不断地，频频地continuously adv . “连 续不间断地”(注：continually可表示“不间断地”或者虽有间断但是老是频频发生 地；continuously表示中间没有间断地，一直持续发生地)gradually adv .“渐渐地，逐步地" unceasingly adv . (= continuously ) “不停地

46、”11. She was resolved to show herself her good fortune.A)worthy B)worthy of C)worth of D)worthwhileThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. Worthy (of) adj.值得的，配得上的，应得到(相当于 deserving )；有价值的，可尊敬的女口 He is a teacher worthy of great respect ; His behavior is worthy of praise; He has lived a worthy

47、life; She helps the worthy poor ； He is a worthy winner ； He is worthy to take his place .)(注：worthy 可作表语或定语，作表语后面多跟of,也可以跟不定式，但不能跟-in) worthadj. “值钱;值得(做)的”(即做了会得到好处的)(如The toy is worth $10;It is worth the price ; His suggestion is worth consideration/considering; The book is worth publishing/publi

48、cation.)(注：worth 一般作表语，表示值多少钱或某事值得做，后面直接跟名词或动名词， 动名词实际表示的是被动的意思， 如The book is worth reading. Reading在这里表面看来是主动态，但实际是被动意思，等于being read ,但worth后面又不能用现在分词被动态being read）worthwhile adj .（表语或定语）“值得（做）的，有价值的"（如a worthwhile job /cause ; The visit/The effort was worthwhile ； It isn't worthwhile to a

49、sk him to join the club .）（本题主要是区分这三个形容词的意义和用法） 12. He can't afford to meat every day.A）feed his childrenB）feed his children onC）provide his childrenD）supply his childrenThe correct answer: b Your answer:（） 讲评：本题应选B）。feed sb. on sth.是固定说法,意为“给吃13. being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very

50、useful skill.A）Except for B）Aside fromC）But for D）Rather thanThe correct answer: B Your answer:（）讲评：本题应选b.aside from （在肯定句中）“除外（尚有）？（在否定句中）”除外另无“（如 Aside from this general consideration had severalobjections to the plan ； Aside from his meager savings, he has no resources to fall back on. ） except f

51、or "除外'（注：该短语所排除的与所谈的内容不属于同一类）（参见注824） but for “倘没有，要不是" rather than "而不是；（宁）而不（做）”14. The offence which he is going to be charged carries a heavy penalty.A)atB)withC)ofD)onThe correct answer: b Your answer:()讲评：本题应选B), charge sb. with，“指控某人犯有某罪；在本句中，介词with移至关系代词前。15. He has very

52、eyes; he catches sight of things quickly.A)positive B)sharp C)eager D)sensibleThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选b. sharp adj .“敏锐的，机警的；锋利的，锐利的；轮廓分 明的“(a sharp knife/eyes/nose/sense of smell/mind/outline ) positive adj. “确实的，明确的；积极的，肯定的"(of/about/that)eager adj .“亲切的, 渴望的"(eage fo

53、r sth/to-V /for sb to-V ) sensible adj. “明智的，合情理的；(以 人作主语)能察觉到的(of);可以觉察出的”16. My golf is not very good just now. I've been busy and I'm out of.A)conditionB)'place C)fashion D)practiceThe correct answer: D Your answer:()讲评： 本题应选d . be out of practice “久不练习(技术已荒疏)”(如The basketball team go

54、t out of practice during the Christmas holidays ; He was out of practice at batting .)(反义短语：be in practice ) be out of condition “身体状况不好be out of place(本义)不在应该在的位置上；(引中) (话语)不合适，不恰当八人与环境)不协调，不相称，格格不入" be out of fashion “过时的，不时兴”17. He his sorrow beneath a cheerful appearance.A)concealedB)retain

55、edC)keptD)shieldedThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评：本题应选a.conceal vt . “隐瞒隐藏"retain vt . “保持保留" keep vt. “保 持，保有"shield vt . “保护,防护(from)”18. The government had them permission to leave the country.A)grantedB)provided B)suppliedD)presentedThe correct answer: A Your answer:()讲评： 本

56、题应选a. Grant vt. “同意，准予，授予”(如 The firm granted him a pension ； He requested that the Prime Minister grant him an interview ; The government will grant land to anyone willing to farm it .) provide vt. “供给，提供'p provide sb with sth ； provide sth for sb) supply vt. “供给供应't supply sb with sth; sup

57、ply sth to sb ) present vt. “贝曾送), 呈献；提出，呈交(present sb with sth; present sth to sb )(参见注 859/525) 19. In addition to rice, we need to our diet with fish, meat and vegetable.A)replace B)supplementC)replenishD)mixThe correct answer: B Your answer:()讲评：本题应选b. supplement vt.增补，补充replace vt . “替换取代；把放回原处

58、" replenish vt . "重新充实，补充(消耗掉的东西)"mix v.('使)混合” 20. Many crops suffered damage in the rainstorm.A)few B)many C)substantialD)sufficientThe correct answer: CYour answer:()讲评：本题应选c. substantial adj .“可观的，大量的；牢固的，结实的；实 质的"(a substantial crop of tobacco ； a substantial supply of f

59、ood ； a substantial house； substantial changes ； in substantial agreement ) few adj.(修饰可数名词复数)“很少的，几乎没有的" many adj.很多的sufficient adj. “足够的，充分 的”21. The medical record shows that it was the drug, not the disease,killedhim several years ago.A)the effects of whichB)the effects of itC)finally D)thatThe correct answer: d Your answer:()讲评：此句是强调句型，在强调句中，被强调的主语部分the dru