2008医学考博英语统考真题

1、页眉内容2008 年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷s wound.Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%) Section A1. A. It was called off unexpectedly.B. It raised more money than expected.C. It received fewer people than expected.D. It disappointed the woman for the man2. A. A thoracic case.C. A stomach problem.3. A. In th

2、e housing office on campus.C. At a rental agency.4. A. Trilled.B. Refreshed5. A. To travel with his parents.C. To cruise, even without his friends.6. A. He s got a revert.C. He s got diarrhea.7. A. To suture the man s wound.C. To disinfect the maninjureds .8. A. Mr. Lindley had got injured.C. Mr. Li

3、ndley had fallen off his chair.9. A. She will apply to Duke University.nce. s abseB. A nervous disorder.D. A psychiatric condition.B. In the downtown hotel.D. In the nursing home.C. Exhausted.D. DepressedB. To organize a picnic in the country.D. To take a flight to the Maldives.B. He s got nausea.D.

4、 He s got a runny nose.B. To remove the bits of glass.D. To take a close look at the manB. Mr. Lindley had fallen asleep.D. Mr. Lindley had lost consciousness.B. She will probably attend the University of Texas.C. She made up her mind to give up school for work.D. She chose Duke University over the

5、University of Texas.10. A. Her boyfriend broke up with her.B. She was almost run over by a truck.C. One of her friends was emotionally hurt.D. She dumped her boyfriend s truck in the river.11. A. The patient will not accept the doctor s recommendation.B. The doctor lost control of the allergic react

6、ion.C. The doctor finds it hard to decide what to do.D. The medicine is not available to the patient.12. A. It was more expensive than the original price.C. It was the last article on sale.13. A. excited.B. Impatient.14. A. She regrets buying the car.C. She will certainly not buy the car.15. A. He i

7、s seriously ill.C. The weather is lousy this week.Section BPassage One16. A. He has got bowel cancer.C. He has got bone cancer.17. A. To have a colonoscopy.C. To be nut on chemotherapy.18. A. A pretty minor surgery.C. A miracle in his coming years.19. A. Thankful.B. Admiring.B. It was given to the w

8、oman as a gift.D. It was a good bargain.C. Indifferent.D. ConcernedB. The car just arrived yesterday.D. This is the car she has been wanting.B. His work is a mess.D. He has been working under pressure.B. He has got heart disease.D. He has got heartburn.B. To seek a second opinion.D. To have his bowe

9、l removed.B. A normal life ahead of him.D. A life without any inconveniences.C. Resentful.D. Respectful.20. A. It was based on the symptoms that man had described.B. It was prescribed considering possible complications.C. I was given according to the man s actual condition.D. It was effective becaus

10、e of a proper intervention.Passage Two21. A. Smoking and Lung Cancer.B. Lung Cancer and the sexes.C. How to quit smoking.D. How to prevent lung cancer.22. A. Current smokers exclusively.B. Second-hand smokers.C. With a lung problems.D. At age 40 or over.23. A. 156B.269C.7498D.942724. A. Smoking is t

11、he culprit in causing lung cancer.B. Women are more vulnerable in lung cancer than men.C. Women are found to be more addicted to smoking than men.D. When struck by lung cancer, men seem to live longer than men.25. A. Lung cancer can be early detected.B. Lung cancer is deadly but preventable.C. Lung

12、cancer is fatal and unpredictable.D. Smoking affects the lungs of men and women differently.Passage Three26. A. A hobbyB. The whole worldC. learning experience.D. A career to earn a living27. A. Her legs were brokenB. Her arms were brokenC. Her shoulders were severely injuredB. She learned to make f

13、riends.D. She learned a living skills.D. Her cervical vertebrate were seriously injured.28. A. She learned a foreign languageC. She learned to be a teacher.29. A. She worked as a skiing coach.B. She was a college instructor.C. She was a social worker in a clinic.D. She worked as elementary school te

14、acher.30. A. Optimistic and hard-bitten.B. Pessimistic and cynical.C. Humorous and funny.D. Kind and reliable.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section Acondition.A. account forB. call forC. look for31. I ' nafraid that you' lhave to the deterioration n.恶化；退化；堕落 of the的原因；导致；（比例）占对-负有责任；对做出解释；说明 要求；需要

15、；提倡；邀请；为 叫喊 寻找D. make for 导致；有助于；走向32. Twelve hours a week seemed a generousadj.慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的 of your time to the nursing home.A. afflictionn.苦难；苦恼；折磨B. alternative adj.供选择的；选择性的；交替的 n.二中择一；供替代的选择C. allocation n.分配，配置；安置 （location n.位置（形容词locational ）；地点；外景 拍摄场地）D. alliance n.联盟，联合；联姻33. Every

16、product is tested before being put into market.A. expensivelyB. exceptionally adv.异常地；特殊地；例外地C. exhaustively adv.耗尽一切地D. exclusively adv.唯一地；专有地；排外地34. Having clean hands is one of the rules when preparing food.A. potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的B. conditional adj.有条件的；假定的n.条件句；条件语C. inseparable adj.数不

17、可分割的；不能分离的n.不可分离的事物；形影不离的朋友D. cardinal n.红衣主教；枢机主教；鲜红色；【鸟类】（北美）主红雀adj.主要的，基本的；深红色的35. The educators should try hard to develop the abilities of children.A. cohesive adj.有结合力的；紧密结合的；有粘着力的B. cognitive adj.认知的，认识的C. collectiveadj.集体的；共同的；集合的；集体主义的 n.集团；集合体；集合名词D. comic adj.喜剧的；滑稽的；有趣的 n.连环漫画；喜剧演员；滑稽人物3

18、6. Mortgage vt.抵押 n.抵押房屋抵押贷款 had risen in the last year because the number of low-income families was on the increase.A. defectsn.缺点，缺陷；不足之处 vi.变节；叛变B. deficitsn.赤字；不足额C. defaults vi.拖欠；不履行；不到场 n.违约；缺席；缺乏；系统默认值vt.不履行；不参加（比赛等）；对 处以缺席裁判（fault n.故障；地质断层；错误；缺点；毛病；（网球等）发球失误vi.弄错；产生断层）D. deceptions n.欺骗，欺

19、诈；骗术37. The symptoms n.临床症状；症候；病徵 may be by certain drugs.A. exaggerated adj.夸张的，言过其实的v.夸张，夸大B. exacerbated vt.使加剧；使恶化；激怒 =aggravateC. exceeded adj.非常的；过度的；溢出的 v.超过（exceed的过去分词）；越出D. exhibited adj.展出的v.展出；表现出（exhibit的过去分词）38. Her story was a complete adj.完整的；完全的；彻底的 vt.完成 from start to finish,so nob

20、ody believed in her.A. facility n.设施；设备；容易；灵巧B. fascination n.魅力；魔力；入迷 （adj. fascinating 迷人的:吸引人的；使人神魂 颠倒的fascinated着迷的;被深深吸引的）C.fabrication n.制造，建造；装配；伪造物（n.fabric织物:布；组织；构造； fabricator 制 作者；杜撰者 v.fabricated 制造，组装；伪造，捏造（fabricate的过去分词） vt.fabricate制造:伪造；装配）D. faculty n.科，系；能力；全体教员39. The police inv

21、estigating the traffic accident have not ruled out 排除；取消；戈U去；反对；阻止A. salvagen.打捞；海上救助；抢救财货；救难的奖金 vt.抢救；海上救助B. safeguard n.安全保护；保卫；保护措施 vt.安全保护，护卫C. sabotage vt.妨害；对采取破坏行动vi.从事破坏活动n.破坏；破坏活动；怠工D. sacrifice n.牺牲；祭品；供奉vt.牺牲；献祭；亏本出售 vi.献祭；奉献40. The government always on the background n.背景；隐蔽的位置 vt.作 的背景

22、adj.背景的；发布背景材料的 of employees who are hired for sensitive military projects.A. takes up拿起；开始从事；占据（时间，地方）C. works out解决；算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；弄懂；锻炼D. looks into 调查；观察；窥视；浏览；看Section B41. The 19th century physiology n.生理学；生理机能 was dominated vt.控制；支配；占优势；在B. checks up 检查；核对（check out检验；结账离开；通过考核；盖章 ，结账后离开，结帐后 离

23、开，办理退房、出院手续）中占主要地位 vi.body mass 体重 A. boosted B. governed C. clarified D. pioneered占优势；处于支配地位 by the study of the transformations of food energy into and activity.adj.升高的；升压的；加力的 v.提高，推进；宣传（boost的过去式）v.管理（govern的过去式和过去分词）；统治；支配adj.澄清的；透明的v.阐明（clarify 的过去分词形式）；澄清v.倡导；作先驱（pioneer的过去式）42. Surely, it wo

24、uld be sensible adj.明智的 合乎情理的 通情达理的 意识到的，能感觉到的 to get a second opinion before taking any further action. 采取进一步行动，进一步的行动人;A. realisticB. sensitive有灵异能力的人C. reasonableD. sensationaladj.现实的；现实主义的；逼真的；实在论的adj.敏感的；感觉的；仪灵敏的；感光的；易受伤害的；易受影响的 n.敏感的adj.合理的，公道的；通情达理的adj.轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的(economic sanction 经

25、济制裁)43.(Ancestor venerationA. recognitionB. sincerityC. heritageThe Chinese people hold the ancestors n.祖先；被继承人 in great veneration.n.尊敬；崇拜祖先崇拜）n.识别；承认，认出；重视；赞誉；公认n.真实，诚挚n.遗产；传统；继承物；继承权D. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；勋章 vt.尊敬；金融承兑；承兑远期票据44. I worked to develop the requisite skill 必要技能（requisite adj.必备的，必不可少的；需要的

26、n.必需品）for managerial adj.管理管理的；经理的 post.n.岗位；邮件；标杆 vt.张贴；公布；邮递；布置vi.快速行进A. perfectadj.完美的；最好的；精通的 vt.使完美；使熟练 n.完成式B. exquisite adj.精致的；细腻的；优美的，高雅的；异常的； n.服饰过于讲究的男子C. uniqueadj.独特的，稀罕的；数唯一的，独一无二的n.独一无二的人或物D. necessary adj.必要的；必需的；必然的 n.必需品45. If exercise is a bodily maintenance activity维修活动 and an in

27、dex n.指标；指数；索弓I；指针vi.做索引 vt.指出；编入索引中 of physiological age 生理年龄,the lack of sufficient exercise may either cause or hasten aging二者择一的；要么 要么A. instance n.实例；情况；建议 vt.举.为例B. indicator n.指示器；试剂指示剂；计指示符；压力计C. appearance n.外貌，外观；出现，露面D. option n.计选项；选择权；买卖的特权 （potent adj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说46. The doctor adv

28、ised Ken to avoid strenuous exercise 剧烈运动.（strenuous adj. 紧张的；费力 的；奋发的；艰苦的；热烈的 ）A. arduousadj.努力的；费力的；险峻的B. demanding adj.苛求的；要求高的；吃力的 v.要求；查问（demand的ing形式）C. potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的D. continuous adj.连续的，持续的；继续的；连绵不断的47. The hospital should be held accountable for 负责，对 应付责任 the quality of care

29、 护理质量 it delivers.A. practicable adj.可用的；行得通的；可实行的B. reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 n.可靠的人C. flexibleadj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的D. responsible adj.负责的，可靠的；有责任的48. Greenpeace n.绿色和平组织（保护动物不遭捕猎等）has been invite to appraise vt.评价，鉴定；估价 the environment costs of such an operation.A. esteem vt.尊敬；认为；考虑；估价 n.尊重；尊敬B. appreciat

30、e vt.欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别 vi.增值；涨价C. evaluate vt.评价；估价；求 的值vi.评价；估价D. approve vt.批准；赞成；为 提供证据vi.批准；赞成；满意49. The company still hopes to find a buyer, but the future looks bleak. adj.阴冷的；荒凉的，无遮 蔽的；黯淡的，无希望的；冷酷的；单调的A. chilly adj.寒冷的；怕冷的B. dismal adj.凄凉的，忧郁的；阴沉的，沉闷的 n.低落的情绪C. promising adj.有希望的，有前途的 v.许诺，答应（promi

31、se的现在分词形式）D. fanatic n.狂热入迷者；盲信者；盲信 adj.狂热的；盲信的50. These were vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的；有活力的decisions n.决定，决心；决议 thatbore upon （bear upon ）有关；瞄准；对施力口压力 the happiness of everybody.A. ensured vt.保证，确保；使安全B. ruined n.废墟；毁坏；灭亡 vt.毁灭；使破产 vi.破产；堕落；被毁灭C. achieved vt.取得；获得；实现；成功 vi.达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果，如愿以偿D. influe

32、nced n.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事vt.影响；改变Part III Cloze （10%）Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence _n.智力；情报工作；情 报机关；理解力 developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely 51, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent 在一定程度上；在某种程度上 our intelligence is g

33、iven us at birth 生下来时 （innate adj. 先天的；固有的；与生俱来的 ），and no amount of 即使再 大（或再多）的（也不）special education can make a genius n.天才，天赋；精神 52 a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand 另一方面,a child who lives in boring adj.无期p 的；令人厌烦的 environment will develop his intelligence less than the one who

34、lives in rich and varied surrounding. Thus the 53 of a person igence ares fixtedl at birth, but whether ornot he reaches those limits will depend on his 54. This view, not held by most experts canbe supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent在一定程度上；在某种程度上 55

35、weare born with. The closer the blood relationship 血统；血缘关系 between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people 56, it is likelythat their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins 遗同卵双

36、胞胎；妇产单卵性双胎 they will likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have 57 intelligence andthis clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.58 now that we take identical twins and put them in different environments. We mightsend on

37、e, for example to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates vt. 表明；指出；预示；象 征 that environment 59 birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the60 that people who live in close contact

38、with each other. But who are not related at all, arelikely to have similar degrees of intelligence.53. A. amounts n.数量，总额（amount的复数）v.总和（amount的第三人称单数形式）B. qualities统计品质C. limits n.限制；限度；界线 vt.限制；限定D. scores n.分数；二十；配乐；刻痕 vt.获得；评价；划线，亥U划；把 记下vi.得分；记分; 刻痕54. A. dispositionB. perceptionC. endowmentn.处

39、置;心理性情；军部署；倾向56. A. in advance B. for effect C. at random D. under way57. A. similarB. variousC. appropriateD. inborn adj.n.知觉；生理感觉；看法；洞察力；获取n.捐赠；捐助；捐款；天资adv.预先，提前为了给人良好的印象；为了得到效果胡乱地；随便地；任意地进行中；航行中；在行进adj.相似的n.类似物adj.各种各样的；多方面的adj.适当的；恰当的；合适的 vt.占用，拨出天生的；先天的Part IV Reading Comprehension（30%）Passage

40、One1 .Fourteen-year-old Sean MeCallum lay in a hospital bed waiting for a new heart. Without it, Sean would di e. Sean ' s case is not unusual. Everyday many people die because there just aren enough human organs to go around.四处走动;供应；（消息）流传2 .Now scientists say they can alter the genetic make-up

41、 基因组成，遗传构成 of certain animals so that their organs may be acceptable to 使.可接受 humans. With this gene-altering technique to overcome vt. 克服；胜过 vi.克服；得胜 （come over 过来；顺便来访；抓住 ）our immune rejection 免疫排斥 to foreign organs, scientists hope to use pig heart for transplants vt.移 植；迁移；使移居n.移植；移植器官；被移植物；移居者

42、vi.移植；迁移；移居 by the year 2008.3 .That prospect n.前途；预期；景色 vi.勘探，找矿 vt.勘探，勘察，however, has stirred up 激 起；煽动；搅拌；唤起 strong opposition n.反对；反对派；在野党；敌对 among animal fight activities. They protest vi.抗议；断言 vt.抗议；断言n.抗议adj.表示抗议的；抗议性的that thewhole idea of using animal organs is cruel adj.残酷的，残忍的；使人痛苦的，让人受难的；

43、无情 的,严酷的 and unjust. adj. 不公平的，不 公正的；非 正义的.Some scientists also fear such transplants may transmit vt.传输；传播；发射；传达；遗传 unknown diseases to humans.4 .Others believe transplanting animal organs into humans is unnecessary. Millions of dollars spent on breeding pigs for their organs could be better spent

44、on health education programs. They believe seventy-five percent of the heart disease cases that lead to a need for organ transplant are preventableadj.可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的.The key is to convince people to eat healthily, andnot to smoke or drink alcohol. Scientists could also use research funds to improve

45、artificial_ adj. 人 造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的 organs.5 .Still others believe that though new inventions and prevention programs may help, spending money to encourage more people to donate their organs is an even better idea. If enough people were educated about organ donations, everyone who needed an orga

46、n could be taken off 起飞；脱 下；离开 the waiting list in a year.61. What is the problem the passage begins with?A. High mortality rate of immune rejection.B. A malpractice n.玩忽职守；不法行为；治疗不当in heart transplantation.C. An unusual case of organ transplant.D. A shortage of human organs.62. Not only is the gene

47、-altering technique a technical issue 技术问题,according to the passage but also it.A. introduces an issue of inhumanity n.不人道，无人性；残暴B. raises the issue of justice n.司法，法律制裁；正义；法官，审判员 in medicineC. presents a significant adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的；彳！得注意的；意味深长的n.象征；有意义的事向threat to human nature人性；人类本性D. pushes the

48、practice of organ transplant to the limits63. Doubtful of the necessity of using animal organs, some scientists.A. are to narrow adj.狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的；度量小的n.海峡；狭窄部分，隘路 vt.使变狭窄the scope n.范围；余地；视野；眼界；导弹射程vt.审视of organ transplantsB. switch to v.切换至U；转至U；转变成 the development of artificial organsC. come up

49、 with 提出；想出；赶上 alternatives to the current problemD. set out to打算，着手,开始purchase n.购买;紧握；起重装置 vt.购买；赢得vi.购买东西better ways of treating heart disease64. It can be inferred from 推断 the concluding paragraph of the passage thatA. the gene-altering technique will help those waiting for organ transplantsB. t

50、he present supply of human organs still has potential n.潜能；可能性；电电势 adj.潜在 的；可能的；势的 （potent adj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的）to be explored vt.探索；探测；探险C. people prefer the use of animal organs for medical purposes n.目的；用途；意志 vt.决心； 企图；打算D. the gene-altering technique leaves much to believed65. The information

51、 the passage carries is.A. enlightening adj.使人领悟的；有启发作用的 v.启蒙；通知（enlighten的ing形式）B. unbelievable adj.难以置信的；不可信的C. imaginative adj.虚构的；富于想象的；有创造力的（imaginable可能的:可想像的）D. factual adj.事实的Passage TwoE. There is a great irony n.讽刺；反语；具有讽刺意味的事adj.铁的；似铁的 of 21st centuryglobal health: While many hundreds of

52、millions of 数以亿计 people lack adequate adj.充足的；适 当的；胜任的 food as a result of economic inequities n.不公平，不公正 ,political corruption 政治腐 败（corruption n.贪污，腐败；堕落 ）,or warfare n. 战争；冲突,many hundreds of millions more are overweight to the point of 达至U 的程度 increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obe

53、sity n.肥大，肥胖 is a worldwide phenomenons 现象；奇迹；杰出的人才 ，affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert vt.转移；使 欢娱；使 转向 scarce resources稀有资源（scarce adj.缺乏的，不足的；稀有的 adv.仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有） away from food security 粮食安全；食品安全；食物保障 to take care of people with preventable ad

54、j. 可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的heart disease and diabetesn.糖尿病；多凉症F. To reverse n.背面；相反；倒退；失败 vt.颠倒；倒转 adj.反面的；颠倒的；反身的 the obesity epidemic adj.流行的；传染性的 n.传染病；流行病；风尚等的流行 ，we must address vt.演 说；从事；忙于；写姓名地址；向致辞；与说话；提出；处理 n.地址；演讲；致辞；说话的技巧；称呼 the fundamental cause 根本原因.Overweight comes from consuming more food energ

55、y than is expended vt.花费；消耗；用光；耗尽 in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less physically active. Market economies encourage this. They make people with expendable adj. 可消费的；排出的；不重复使用 的；可牺牲的 n.消耗品 income into consumers

56、of aggressively adv.侵略地；攻击地；有闯劲地 （侵略=aggress; aggression; invade; invasion ） （ exaggerated adj. 夸张的，言过其实的v.夸张，夸大 aggravate vt.力口重；使恶化；激怒 ）marketed foods that are high in energy but low in nutritional value 营养价值,and of cars, television set, and computers that promote sedentary adj.久坐的；坐惯的；定栖的；静坐的 beh

57、aviour. Gaining weight are good business. Food is particularly business because everyone eats.G. Moreoveradv.而且；止匕夕卜，food is so overproduced vt.过度生产 that many countries, especially the rich ones, have far more than 远远超过，多得多的 they need - another irony. In the United States, to take an extreme adj.极端的；极度的；偏激的；尽头的 n.极端；末端；最大程度； 极端的事物 example, most adults of all ages, incomes, educational levels, and census vt.实施统计调 查 n.人口普查，人口调查 categories n.种类，