英语It句型归纳

1、It is some time + since/before/when句型1. It is some time(一段时间) + since引导的时间状语从句= It has been some time(一段时间) + since引导的时间状语从句该固定句型意思是“自从.以来已经多久时间了”。2. 其中要求since引导的从句必须采用一般过去时，而主句是一般现在时或现在完成时。3. 补充：该从句的谓语动词是瞬间性动词时，从句正常翻译；而如果该从句的谓语动词是延续性动词作，从句必须作否定翻译。如：It is two hours since he left the classroom.自从他离开教

2、室以来，已经两个小时了。It is three years since he worked there.自从他不在那儿工作以来，已经三年了。it is +time+since在英语教学过程中，很多学生对英语中的有些句式常用汉语的习惯理解，结果却不知不觉地犯一些错误。比如It is +time +since 句式，从句若用延续性动词，学生还是按照原词的意思去理解，而实际上，其汉语意思正好相反，要译为其相对短暂性动词的含义。于是，我便根据自己的理解体会下面几点，写出来请同仁们商榷：1. It is + time +since 句式的翻译：如果since从句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词， 我们可以直译，

3、而如果since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词，我们则需译为其相应的短暂性动词。eg. (1). Its ten years since I left my hometown。 译为：我离开家乡已十年了。而 (2). Its almost ten years since I lived there. 则译为 ：我不在那儿住已近十年了。同学们对第(2)句的译法感到不可理解,为什么不能直接译为： 我在那儿住了已近十年了。我是这样理解的：延续性动词可直接与 for 短语连用表示持续的动作，即： I have lived there for almost ten years.或 I have been

4、living there for almost ten years.而没必要用 It is + time + since 句式，这一句式是为那些短暂性动词用来表示延续性行为的一种方法。再比如： (1).他哥哥入伍三年了。译为：It is three years since his brother joined the army. (2).他哥哥退伍三年了。译为：It is three years since his brother left the army. It is three years since his brother was in the army. 2. It is + tim

5、e before 从句： eg. It wont be long before a new factory is built in our hometown. 此句如果按照字词原意译为： 在一座新工厂在我们家乡建造之前时间不会太长。此种翻译虽然遵照原意，但汉语却很难理解，所以，此句常被译为：不久我们家乡就会建立一座新工厂。看起来好像before 被译为它的反义词after之意。eg. The fire lasted four hours before it was put out. 译为：四个小时之后大火才被扑Put down the notes before you forget them.

6、译为：趁你还没忘记把这些内容记录下来。 上面这两个句子中before也不是按它的原意翻译的，但是，译文的主从句顺序是颠倒的。也就是说，直译时，从句在前，主句在后；意译时，主先从后。before而也因此译成了after。 3. It is + time + before 句式与 It is + time + since 之间用法上的区别： (1).从主、从句的时态来区分：It is + time + since 句式,主句的时态常用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句的时态常用一般过去时；如果主句使用一般过去时，那么，从句应用过去完成时。而 It is + time + before 句式， 主、从句的

7、时态则按一般的时间状语从句的情况来处理，即：如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；如果从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时或者用一般过去时。eg. It will be three years before we meet again. 译为：三年以后我们才能再次相见。It had been an hour before he finished his work. 译为：一个小时以后他才完成了工作。It is an hour since he finished his work. 译为： 他完成工作（到现在）已经一个小时了。It was about ten minutes since he h

8、ad come here. 译为： 他在这儿待了约有十分钟（与现在没有任何关系）。(2).从连词的实际意义上来区分：since 译为：从到现在，自从； before 译为：在之前eg. It wont be long before we get ready for the travel. 译为：不久之后我们就能做好旅行的准备工作了。 It is (has been) twenty minutes since he got here. 译为： 他到这儿已经二十分钟了。虽然英汉是两种不同的语言，在学习的过程中同学生们只要善于对比和总结，不难找到解决问题的方法。it is +时间 + since (

9、before, when)It is + 时间段 + since 的意思是“自从以来有一段时间了”。It is + 时间点 + when 的意思是“当的时候时间是”。It is + 时间段 + before 的意思是“在之前有一段时间”。请看以下用例：Its ten years since they got married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。It was past one oclock when he came in. 他回来时已经一点多了。It wont be long before they understand each other. 过不了多久他们就会互相了解的。有时翻译可以

10、比较灵活：Its a long time since I met you last. 好久不见了。(直译：自上次见到你以来有很长一段时间了。)Its about three years since I last played basketball. 我差不多有三年没有打篮球了。(直译：自从我上次打篮球以来已差不多有三年了。)请看有关高考题(答案为DDBCDC)：1. That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. (安徽卷)A. when B. that C. before D. since2.

11、 It was some time _we realized the truth. (山东卷)A. when B. until C. since D. before3. Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _he arrived home. (福建卷)A. before B. when C. that D. until4. Scientists say it may be five or six years _it is possible to test this medicine on hu

12、man patients. (福建卷)A. since B. after C. before D. when5. It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester. (天津卷)A. that B. until C. since D. before6. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. (上海春)A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be; know D. is; know【全真模拟训练】 1.

13、 It was about midnight _ we found the lost child, crying under a tree.A. that B. until C. when D. where2. Its some time _ I have spoken to you about this matter. A. that B. unless C. since D. until3. It was ten _ he stood at aunts door and rang the bell. A. when B. until C. since D. that4. I think i

14、t wont be long _ they understand each other.A. when B. until C. since D. before5. How pleased I am tonight! Its years _ we had so great a time together. A. when B. that C. before D. since6. It was some time _ we realized how important the matter is. A. when B. until C. since D. before7. Did you come

15、 home very late last night?No. It was just half past seven _ I appeared before my parents.A. that B. when C. until D. since8. How time files! It seems like years _ I last saw you. A. when B. that C. since D. before9. Its more than half a century _ the Peoples Republic of China was liberated.A. when

16、B. that C. since D. after答案：15 CCADD 69 DBCCIt is + 时间段 + since 的意思是“自从以来有一段时间了”。It is + 时间点 + when 的意思是“当的时候时间是”。It is + 时间段 + before 的意思是“在之前有一段时间”。It was past one oclock when he came in. 他回来时已经一点多了。It wont be long before they understand each other. 过不了多久他们就会互相了解的。It was long before she came back.

17、 没过很久她才回来了。It will be long before we meet again. 很久以后我们才会再见面。It will be five years before he meets you again. 五年之后他就会再见你的。It is / has been four days since I caught a cold. 我感冒已四天了。It is / has been two weeks since we met last. 自从我们上次见面以来已过了两周。It is/ has been three years since his brother joined the a

18、rmy. 他哥哥入伍三年了。It is/ has been three years since his brother left the army. 他哥哥退伍三年了。It is/ has been twenty minutes since he got here. 他到这儿已经二十分钟了。It is/ has been ten years since they got married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。It wont be long before we get ready for the travel.不久后我们就能做好旅行的准备工作了。It will be three years

19、 before we meet again. 三年以后我们才能再次相见。It had been an hour before he finished his work. 一个小时以后他才完成了工作。It is an hour since he finished his work. 他完成工作（到现在）已经一个小时了。It was about ten minutes since he had come here. 他在这儿待了约有十分钟。Its been a while since the family had an outing together. 家人好久没一同出游了.It wont be

20、long before a new factory is built in our hometown.很快一座新工厂要在我们家乡建造。It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.不久，一架直升飞机到达机场.1. It was about midnight _ we found the lost child, crying under a tree.A. that B. until C. when D. where2. It wassix d

21、ays ago _ I spoke to you about this matter.A. that B. unless C. since D. until3. It was ten _ he stood at aunts door and rang the bell.A. when B. until C. since D. that4. I think it wont be long _ they understand each other.A. when B. until C. since D. before5. How pleased I am tonight! Its years _

22、we had so great a time together.A. when B. that C. before D. since6. It was some time _ we realized how important the matter is.A. when B. until C. since D. before7. -Did you come home very late last night?-No. It was just half past seven _ I appeared before my parents.A. that B. when C. until D. si

23、nce8. How time files! It seems like years _ I last saw the Smiths.A. when B. that C. since D. before9. As is reported, it is 100 years _ Qinghua University was founded.(2011四川卷)A. when B.beforeC.afterD. since10. The boss told him that their monkey had just died and it would be two months _ they coul

24、d get another one, so they wanted him to take the monkeys place.A. when B. until C. since D. before11. It was two years _ the villagers realized the truth.A. before B. when C. since D. that12. It was two years later _ the villagers realized the truth.A. before B. when C. since D. that13. It was in 1

25、970 _ her grandparents moved to where they are living.A. before B. when C. since D. that14. It has been two years _ Thomas lived in the countryside.A. before B. when C. since D. that15. It was midnight _ my father arrived home.A. before B. when C. since D. that16. It was at midnight _ my father arri

26、ved home.A. before B. when C. since D. that17. It was not until midnight _ my father arrived home.A. before B. when C. since D. that18. That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. (安徽卷)A. when B. that C. before D. since19. It is not until recently _ doctors find out the

27、 causes of lung cancer.A. when B. until C. that D. before20. -Did Jack come back early last night?-Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. (福建卷)A. before B. when C. that D. until21. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (福建卷)

28、A. since B. after C. before D. when22. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. (天津卷)A. that B. until C. since D. before23. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. (上海春)A. will not be; will know B. is; will knowC. will not be; know D. is; know24. How long has it been _

29、you went to movies last?A. before B. when C. that D. since25. Believe it or not, it will not be long _ we turn our hope into reality.A. before B. when C. that D. since26. Mary said it had been more than 2 years _ they had divorced.A. that B. until C. since D. before27. We were very tired-it had been

30、 11 hours _ we set out from the castle.A. since B. that C. before D. when28. It has been nearly a week _ I lost my bike.A. when B. until C. since D. before29. Robert told me that it had been years _ he had heard from his family.A. before B. since C. that D. when30. It was about half past eleven _ th

31、e big fire broke out.A. before B. since C. that D. when31. It wasnt long _ she became a brave solider.A. that B. before C. since D. until32. It has been two months _ he fell ill, so Tracy has taken his place.A. that B. unless C. since D. until33. It will be two weeks _ everything returns to normal.A

32、. before B. when C. since D. that34. Itwasthreeweeks ago_the sports stargave us the speech.A. before B. when C. since D. that35. It is about ten minutes _ the film began.A. before B. when C. since D. that36. It will be four months _ they graduate from college.A. that B. when C. beforeD. since1. CAAD

33、D 6. DBCDD 11. ADDCB 16. DDDCB 21. CDCDA 26. CACBD 31.BCADC 36. Cno less than不亚于，竟达之多 1)The audience was no less than five thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比差，至少 1)Ill stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no

34、more than同样不；仅仅，只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)Its no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no more than ten minutes walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比更，不如；至多 1）He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。（重点在 you are diligent 。他也勤奋，但不如你勤奋。） 2)Ill stay he

35、re not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 no less . than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not less than至少和一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。赞同no less than，not less than， no more than， not more than的区别no less than不亚于，竟达之多 1)The audience was no less than fi

36、ve thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比差，至少 1)Ill stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no more than同样不；仅仅，只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)Its no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no mor

37、e than ten minutes walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比更，不如；至多 1）He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。（重点在 you are diligent 。他也勤奋，但不如你勤奋。） 2)Ill stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。no less . than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not

38、 less than至少和一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。other than ，more than，less than，rather than到底有什么区别other than意为不同于，非，除之外。The actor performed other than perfectly.演员的表演远非尽善尽美。He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.他除了向我要东西之外，从来不和我说话。more than意为极其，超出，超出的。They were more th

39、an pleased to help.他们非常愿意帮忙。Some of the stories were really more than could be believed.有些故事实在不能相信。 more.than意为与其倒不如说。Joan is more diligent than clever.与其说琼聪明，不如说她勤奋。意为比更。Joan is more clever than John.琼比约翰更聪明。 less. than与其说不如说Experience shows that success is due less to ability than to zeal.经验表明，成功与

40、其说是由于能力，不如说是由于热情。rather thanrather than与would, had等词连用，表主观愿望，意为宁愿而不愿，后面接不带to的动词不定式。He had rather go than stay to be interviewed.他宁愿走，也不愿留下来接受采访。Rather than travel by air, Id prefer a week on a big liner.我宁愿乘一周的巨型班轮，也不愿坐飞机。rather than也可以连接与谓语动词时态一致的动词形式，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望，解释为是而不是。He stayed rather than we

41、nt.他留下来没走。rather than还可以表示两种说法的正确程度，与其说不如说。He is an artist rather than a philosopher.与其说他是哲学家，倒不如说是艺术家。【引用】高中英语复习 选修8 Unit 5Unit 5, Book 8词语辨析1. used to / wouldwould与used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。would只能表示反复发生的动作。如果表示过去经常性的状态，就不能用would，只能用used to。used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，但现在已经结束。would则表示有可能再发生。【练习】用used

42、 to或would填空。1). When we were boys we _ go swimming every summer. 2). He _ be very poor. 3). People _ believe that the earth was flat. 4). He _ go to the park as soon as he was free. Keys: 1). used to / would 2). used to 3). used to 4). would (现在有可能再去) 2. interrupt / disturb / bother interrupt意为“打断，中

43、断”，尤指中断某活动的连续性。disturb意为“因焦虑、失望、困惑等情感因素而使人心绪收到明显干扰”。bother意为“扰乱某人心绪而使人不能专心或专一”。【练习】选择interrupt，disturb，bother的正确形式填空。1). She was _ to hear of your illness. 2). I m sorry to _ the meeting, but there is an urgent long-distance call for Mr. Zhou.3). Don t _ yourself too much about me. 4). We _ in the m

44、iddle of our conversation.Keys: 1). disturbed 2). interrupt 3). bother 4). were interrupted3. assume / suppose / presumeassume“假定，设想”，用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。suppose意为“根据一定证据作出的见解”，最不正式。presume意为“某人以过去的经验作为依据，对某事作出合乎逻辑的推测”。【练习】选择assume，suppose，presume的正确形式填空。1). I _ that he has gone for a walk. 2

45、). We _ the situation will improve.3). From the available data it may be _ that the writer was very famous in the 4th century. Keys: 1). assume 2). suppose 3). presumed词性变化1. alternative n.c替换物 adj.选择性的，二中择一的alternatively adv. 作为选择，二者择一2. accuracy n.u精确性，正确 accurate adj. 正确的，精确的inaccurate adj.不准确acc

46、urately adv.正确地，精确地inaccurately adv. 不准确地3. assume vt.假定；设想；采用；承担assumption n. 假定，设想，假装，就职assumed adj. 假定的，假装的，装的4. analysis n.c分析，分解analyse(analyze) vt.分析，分解analytical adj.分析的，解析的5. significance n. 意义，含义；重要性，重大significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的significantly adv. 意义深远地，重大地6. division n.分(开，配，担；歧，裂)；除(法)；部

47、门divide vt.分(开)；vi.分开 7. skill n.c,u技能，技巧，熟练，巧妙skillful adj. 灵巧的，熟练的，制作精巧的skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技术好地【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式或介词填空。1). The way was blocked, so we went by an _ (alternatively) road. 2). The design is slightly _ (accurate), so we must make some changes. 3). The boss is worried about the _ (accur

48、ate) of the statistics. 4). It s impossible to predict the weather _ (accurate). 5). A lot of people make the _ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.6). The _ (analyse) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police the address. 7). Students need to posses

49、s certain basic _ (skillful) by the time they finish schoo1. 8). He was valued for his skill _ (介词) raising money for the company. 9). The discovery of the new drug is of great _ (significant) to people suffering from heart problems.10). Sometimes there is no simple _ (divide) between good and evil.

50、Keys: 1). alternative 2). inaccurate 3). accuracy4). accurately 5). assumption6). analysis 7). skills 8). in 9). significance 10). division重点词汇1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴 interruption n. 中断，打断重点用法 interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打断（某人）讲话；打岔；打扰练习 用interrupt的正确形式填空。1). Electricity _ (interrupt) in the course of work. 2). Let