中国保险业的发展历程

1、中国保险业的发展历程、存在的问题及对策的若干思考一、中国保险业的发展历程中国是具有五千年文明史的泱泱大国， 保险思想和救济后备制度有着悠久的历史。早在 2500 年前，孔子就主张老有所终，壮有所用，幼有所长；鳏寡孤独废疾者皆有所养”。荀子提出节用裕民，而善藏其余”、岁虽凶败水旱，使百姓无冻馁之患可谓最古老的社会保险思想。我国古代一直施行各种赈济制度。据记载，周朝已建立各级后备仓储。战国以后，逐步形成一套较完善的仓储制度，魏有御 1T;韩有数仓”，汉代设有备荒赈济的常平仓”，隋朝设义仓”；宋朝和明朝还出现了民间的社仓”，它属于相互保险的形式。宋朝还有专门赡养老幼贫病的广惠仓”，这可以说是原始形态

2、的人身救济后备制度。尽管我国保险思想和后备救济制度产生很早， 但因中央集权的封建制度和重农抑商的传统观念，商品经济发展缓慢。从而保险业赖以产生的经济基础和物质基础都不具备。所以，始终没有产生商业保险。中国资本主义形式的保险业是随着帝国主义对中国通商贸易和经济侵略而来的。在鸦片战争前，外国商人在对华贸易中，为了应付海盗、战争和变幻莫测的海上风险，需要保险的保障。1805 年，英、印商人在广州成立谏当保安行”，亦称为广州保险协会或广州保险社，这是外商在中国开设最早的保险公司。继英国之后，美国、法国、德国、瑞士、日本等国的保险公司也相继来华设立分公司或代理机构，经营保险业SILLlyseonhima

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