2019届全国人教版英语一轮讲义：必修一Unit4(含答案)

1、必修1Unit4Earthquakes微语境i己单词背吧，轻轻松松就能牢记20个单词！原朮Anearthquakestruckthisdistrictlastweek,shockingtheworld.ltcausedextremedamagetoriverdams,coalminesandrailwaytracks.Numeroushousesweredestroyed,manystreetsbecamecrackedandafewgaspipesburst.Thelocalgovernmentrespondedquicklytothisdisaster.Peopletrappedunder

2、theruinswererescuedandtheinjuredweresincerelycaredfor.Shelter,foodandfreshwaterwereofferedtothesurvivors.Thiseventattractedworldwideattention,thusreducingthelosstoaminimum.单词与短语知识自主排查1=默写识记爆裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发废墟；毁灭毁灭；使破产损害；伤害破坏；毁坏；消灭（使）震惊；震动休克；打击；震惊使陷入困境陷阱；困境埋葬；掩埋；隐藏损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬援救；营救裁判员；法官默写单词1. burstvi.n.2.

3、 ruinn.vt.3.injurevt.4. destroyvt.5. shockv.n.6. trapvt.n.7. buryvt.8. damagen.&vt.9. frightenvt.10. rescuen.&vt.11. judgen.断定；判断；判决地震极度的事件；大事民族；国家；国民祝贺；復数）贺词轨道；足迹；痕迹电；电流；电学掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处灾难；灾祸真诚地；真挚地表示；表达快车；速递要点；大纲；轮廓结束；终结严重受损；破败不堪掘出；发现许多；大量的三分之二的立刻；马上联想拓展使惊吓；吓唬力口强；强调加长；延长加宽；拓展肖U尖；使锐利；变锋利Uvt.记住词

4、义1. earthquaken.2. extremeadj.3. eventn.4. nationn.5. congratulationn.6. trackn.7. electricityn.8. sheltern.9. disastern.10. sincerelyadv.11. expressvt.n.12.outlinen.写出短语l. atanend2.inruins3. digout4. a(great)numberof5. twothirdsof6. rightaway动词后缀-en1. frighten2. strengthen3.lengthen4. broaden5. sha

5、rpen短语串记1.bytheendof到结束时2.intheend最后；终于etoanend结束4.putanendtosth.结束；终结5.bringsth.toanend结束6.be/lieinruins沦为废墟；破败etoruin毁灭；落空8.fallintoruin衰败；败落9.bringsth.toruin使毁灭10.burstout突然爆发11.burstinto闯入；突然开始12.burstin突然闯入13.burstforth迸发；喷发14.beburiedin埋头于；专心于15.betrappedin受困于；陷入16.becaughtin遇上；遭受17.belostin迷失

6、于；沉浸于18.agreat/largenumberof大量的19.agreat/largeamountof大量的20.alargequantityof大量的21.agreat/gooddealof很多22.onethirdof三分之一的23.twofifthsof五分之一的24.threequartersof四分之三的经典例句 Theincidenthassharpenedpublicawarenessoftheeconomiccrisis.这件事提高了公众对经济危机的认识。 Thislatestdevelopmentshavefurtherstrengthenedmydeterminati

7、ontoleave.最新的发展事态更增强了我离开的决心。 Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。 Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeuslyingawakeallnight地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。 Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin.门突然打开，闯进了一群孩子。 Hewastrappedinthetrafficjamandfelthelpless.他陷入交通堵塞中，感到很无

8、助。 Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.除了网络相机，还有许多其他的高新技术手段正在变得越来越流行。独创新语境核心考点精解词汇异空间派生词汇原词词义派生词词义extremeadj.极度的extremelyadv.1极度地judgevt.断定；判断；判决judgementn.2意见；判断力；审判injurevt.损害；伤害injuryn.3伤害；损害destroyvt.毁坏；摧毁destructionn.4毁坏；毁灭congratulatev.祝贺congratul

9、ationn.5祝贺expressvt.表示；表达expressionn.6表达；表情原创语境填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）Duetothe1destruction(destroy)oftheirnaturalhabitat，wildanimalsinthisareaarebeingendangered.Toavoidanyserious2.njuries(injure)towildlife，anaturereservewasbuiltlastmonth.Ourlocalgovernmentreceivedmanylettersof3congratulation(congratulate)fr

10、omallwalksoflife.Manypeopledonatedmoneyasan.expression(express)ofappreciationandsupport.Accordingtoa5.judgement(judge)madebysomeexperts,thisreservewouldhavean6.extremely(extreme)positiveeffectonthelocaleco-system.【导学号：11470012】词法新图谱核心词汇灵活多变的动词词汇词性意义现在分词过去分词burstvi.爆裂；爆发burstingburstruinvt.毁灭；使破产ruin

11、ingruinedinjurevt.损害；伤害injuringinjureddestroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭destroyingdestroyedshockvt.&vi.（使）震惊；震动shockingshockedrescuen.&vt.援救；营救rescuingrescuedtrapvt.使陷入困境trappingtrappedburyvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏buryingburieddamagen.&vt.损失；损害damagingdamagedjudgevt.断定；判断；判决judgingjudgedI原创语境填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）TyphoonMor

12、akotcausedTaiwan'sworstdestructioninhalfacentury，killing15peopleand1injuring(injure)numerous.Riverbanks2.burst(burst)duetotheheavyrain.Avillage3.wasburied(bury)byalandslidethoughthevillagershadbeenwarnedthattheirvillagewouldbeatriskof4.beingruined(ruin).Helicoptersweresenttothe5,destroyed(destro

13、y)areasbecausemanypeople6.trapped(trap)undertheroofsneeded7.toberescued(rescue).II.原创语境改错LastnighttwomenwereburstintoMr.Black'shouse，ruinedalmosteverything.Theytookallthevaluablesaway.TheBlacksandtheirchildrenwerealmostfrighteningtodeath.Theyoungestkidcried，buriedhisfaceinMrs.Black'sarms.Luc

14、kily，noneofthemgotinjure.Policeimmediatelycamewhentheygottheshockednews.JudgefromMr.Black'sdescription，theyquicklyfoundandarrestedthesuspects.【答案】ruinedLastnighttwomenw<ereburstintoMr.Blackshouse,ruiningalmosteverything.Theytookallthevaluablesaway.TheBlacksandtheirchildrenwerefrighteningburie

15、dalmostfrightenedtodeath.Theyoungestkidcried,buryinghisfaceinMrs.Blacksinjurearms.Luckily,noneofthemgotinjured.PoliceimmediatelycamewhentheygottheshockedJudgeshockingnews.JudgingfromMr.Blacksdescription,theyquicklyfoundandarrestedthesuspects.学霸笔记归纳反思1 killing15peopleandinjuringnumerous是现在分词短语作结果状语，意

16、为“导致15人死亡，无数人受伤”。burstoutcrying/laughing/burstintotears/laughter“突然哭起来/笑起来” burst当“爆裂；爆发"解时是不及物动词，不可用被动语态。但burstinto相当于及物动词，可用被动语态。 beatriskofbeingruined“有被毁掉的危险"，atriskof是介词短语，后面可接动名词。 betrappedin“被困在中；陷在中"；betrappedunder“被埋在下”。 buryone'sfaceinsb.'sarms“把头埋在某人怀里”。 judgingby/f

17、rom“从上看；根据判断”，此短语一般在句中用作状语，表示看问题的角度。相依为命的词搭配搭配例释、联想、拓展动judge.by/from.根据来judgingby/from.根据；根据介判断betrappedin被困在buryoneselfin/beburiedin埋头于；专心于thinklittle/nothingof不重视；不考虑来判断judgesb./sth.tobe.判断是Don'tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.不要以貌取人。动副digout掘出；发现figureout算出，理解；leaveout省略，删掉；pickout选出；turnout结果是，生

18、产，培养名介a(great)numberof许多；大量的ashockto.一件让人吃惊的事情congratulationstosb.onsth.祝贺某人某事agreat/largenumberof+可数名词复数+复数谓语thenumberof+可数名词复数+单数谓语congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.因某事向某人祝贺介名atanend结束；终结attheendof在结束时；在结尾/末端inruins严重受损；破败不堪MyholidayisatanendandImustgobacktowork.我的假期结束了，我得回去上班了。Theplanwasinruinsjustbeca

19、usepeoplewereunwillingtocooperate.该计划泡汤了，就是因为人们不愿合作。形介beproudof以而自豪takepridein为感到自豪.原创语境填空Thelandslideleftthewholevillage1inruins,whichwasagreatshock2.tous.Severalpeoplediedandmanymoreweretrappedincollapsedhouses.Allfoodsupplieswere3.atanend.Thisdisastercouldhavebeenavoided,butthevillagersthoughtlit

20、tle4.oftherisk.Now,ledbythegovernment,thevillagersarecarryingoutself-helprecovery,5.digging(dig)outtheirbelongings6.buried(bury)inthemudandgettingbackthelostanimals.Thevillageisreturningtonormal.【导学号：11470013】II.原创语境改错Williamscameupwithaninventionafterburyinginhisresearchforyears.Thisinventionwasash

21、ockingtotheworld.Itwasthoughthighlybyfamousscientists.Judgedfromrecentsurveys，hisinventionwouldgreatlybenefitdisabledpeople.Manypeoplewrotehimlettersconveyingcongratulationsforhissuccess.Healsoreceivedthenumberofinvitationstointernationalconferences.Hisfamilyandfriendsveryproudofhim.【答案】Williamscame

22、upwithaninventionafterburyinghimselfinhisresearchforshocking人years.Thisinventionwasashocktotheworld.ItwasthoughthighlyofbyJudgedfamousscientists.Judgingfromrecentsurveys,hisinventionwouldgreatlybenefitfordisabledpeople.Manypeoplewrotehimlettersconveyingcongratulationsonhisthesuccess.Healsoreceivedan

23、umberofinvitationstointernationalconferences.Hisfamilyandfriendsw/eYeveryproudofhim.句法新天地重点句型教材原句Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！as讦从句中使用虚拟语气的三种情况：与现在事实相反：过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反：过去完成时(haddone)；与将来事实相反：过去将来时(would/could/mightdo)。ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?是约

24、翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifitwerebroken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。如果as讦所引导的从句表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。Hurryup!Itlooksasfthetrainisgoingtomove.快点！火车看起来要开了。|句式2|部分否定all.not.(=notall)教材原句Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.=notall.,意为“并非所有的都”。It&

25、#39;simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenotallofthemarefitforthem.=It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becauseallofthemaren'tfitforthem.并非所有的求职者都能找到工作,因为并非所有人都胜任这些工作。(1) 英语中all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,completely,always,whole,entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词n

26、ot连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2) 英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。即时演练I原创语境填空Somestudents,mostofl.whomaregirls,becometoostressed2.tosleep(sleep)wellthenightbeforeanimportantexam.However,3.notallteachersareskilledathelpingt

27、hemstaycalmandrelaxed.Someteachersevencompletelyignorethisfactasifitneverexisted(exist).Experiencedteacherswillsaysomethinglike“Youcandoit!”“You'rethebest”5.everywheretheyencounteranervousstudent.Theseencouragingwordsdohelpbuilduptheirconfidence.II.原创语境改错Thequizquestionswerenottoodifficulttobean

28、swer.However，allthepupildidn'tgetanAinthetest.SomeevengotaD，thatmadetheteacherreallyupset.Thereasonisthatthepupils，eachofthemhasamobilephone，aren'tdevotedtotheirlessons.Everywhereiftheygo，they'reconstantlystaringattheirphones.Itseemseveniftheycouldnotlivewithoutthem.【答案】pupilThequizquest

29、ionswerenottoodifficulttobeanswer.However,allthepUpilsthatdidn'tgetanAinthetest.SomeevengotaD,whichmadetheteacherreallythemupset.Thereasonisthatthepupils,eachofwhomhasamobilephone,aren'tdevotedtotheirlessons.Everywherebiftheygo,theyreconstantlystaringattheirphones.Itevenseemsasiftheycouldnot

30、livewithoutthem.【导学号：11470014】冷知识详单查缺补漏I 单句填空1. Therewereabout50foreignstudentsinourschool,mostofwhomwerefromGermany.2. “Youcan'tcatchme!"Janetshouted,running(run)away.【导学号：11470015】3. Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.4. Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse

31、whoseroofisunderrepair.II 单句改错1. Itiswrongofyoutoleavethemachineworkalldaylong.workworking2. PerhapsIhavenotexpressedmeverywell.memyself3. IwaswalkingalongthestreetthenIheardmynamecalled.thenwhenlll.原创语境改错Twobusescrashedinthecitycentre，causedthreedeathsandmanyinjuries.Thedeadwasthetwodriversandoneol

32、dman.Inonebus，itsfrontpartwascompletelydestroyed，sat20passengers，mostofthemwereteenagers.Anarrowescapeleftthemshookwithterror.Soonambulancesarrivedandtookinjuredtothenearesthospital.Investigationsintothereasonofthecrasharestillunderway.【答案】causedTwobusescrashedinthecitycentre,causingthreedeathsandmanywasitsinjuries.Thedeadwere