小学英语必背词汇及单词高效背诵技巧

1、小学英语必背词汇及单词高效背诵技巧1学习用品（schoolthings）pen/pen/钢笔pencil/"pensl/铅笔pencil-case/"penslkeis/铅笔盒ruler/"ru:l/尺子book/buk/书bag/b氏g/包postcard/pustka:d/明信片newspaper/"nju:z,peip/报纸schoolbag/sku:lb氏g/书包eraser/i"reis/橡皮crayon/"krein/蜡笔sharpener/"Ja:pn/卷笔刀story-book/"sto:ribuk

2、/故事书notebook/"nutbuk/笔记本Chinesebook/"tfai"ni:z/语文书Englishbook/"i号glij/英语书mathsbook/mOs/数学书magazine/,mg"zi:n/杂志newspaper/"nju:z,peip/报纸dictionary/"dikfneri/词典2身体部位（body）foot/fut/脚head/hed/头face/feis/脸hair/he/头发nose/nuz/鼻子mouth/mauO/嘴eye/ai/眼睛ear/i/耳朵arm/a:m/手臂hand/h

3、氏nd/手finger/"figg/手扌旨leg/leg/腿tail/teil/尾巴3颜色（colours）red/red/红blue/blu:/蓝yellow/"jelu/黄green/gri:n/绿white/wait/白black/bl氏k/黑pink/pi号k/粉红purple/"p:pl/紫orange/"o:rind3/橙brown/braun/棕4动物（animals）cat/k氏t/猫dog/dog/狗pig/pig/猪duck/dAk/鸭rabbit/"r氏bit/兔子horse/ho:s/马elephant/"el

4、ifnt/大象ant/氏nt/蚂蚁fish/fiJ7鱼bird/b:d/鸟snake/sneik/蛇mouse/maus/鼠kangaroo/,k克号g"ru:/袋鼠monkey/"mAki/猴子panda/"p氏nd/熊猫bear/be/熊lion/"lain/狮tiger/"taig/老虎fox/foks/狐狸zebra/"zi:br/斑马deer/di/鹿giraffe/d3i"ra:f/长颈鹿goose/gu:s/鹅hen/hen/母鸡turkey/"t:ki/火鸡lamb/l氏m/小羊sheep/fi:p

5、/绵羊goat/gut/山羊cow/kau/奶牛shark/"Ja:k/鲨鱼seal/si:l/海豹5人物（people）friend/frend/朋友boy/boi/男孩girl/g:l/女孩mother/"mAd/母亲father/"fa:3/父亲sister/"sist/姐妹brother/"bra3/兄弟uncle/"a号kl/叔叔man/mn/男人woman/"wumn/女人Mr先生Miss小姐lady/"leidi/女士mom/mom/妈妈dad/d氏d/爸爸parents/"p£r

6、nts/父母aunt/a:nt/阿姨cousin/"kAzn/堂兄妹son/sAn/儿子baby/"beibi/婴儿kid/kid/小孩classmate/"kla:smeit/同学queen/"kwi:n/女visitor/"vizit/参观者neighbour/"neib/邻居principal/"prinspl/校长penpal/penp氏1/笔友tourist/"tu:rist/旅行者people/"pi:pl/人物robot/"rubot/机器人6职业（job）teacher/&quo

7、t;ti:tf/教师student/"stju:dnt/学生doctor/"dokt/医生nurse/n:s/护士driver/"draiv/司机farmer/"fa:m/农民singer/"si号/歌唱家writer/"rait/作家artist/"a:tist/画家actor/"氏kt/男演员actress/"氏ktris/女演员TVreporter/ri"po:t/电视台记者engineer/,endsi"ni/工程师policeman/p"li:smn/（男）警察sa

8、lesperson/"seilz,p:sn/销售员cleaner/"kli:n/清洁工assistant/"sistnt/售货员7食品（foodanddrinkbreakfast/"brekfst/早餐lunch/lAnM中餐dinner/"din/晚餐egg/eg/鸡蛋rice/rais/米饭cake/keik/蛋糕bread/bred/面包jam/d3m/果酱biscuit/"biskit/饼干sausage/"so:sid3/香肠sandwich/"sndwitj/三明治dumplings/"dAm

9、pli号/饺子meat/mi:t/肉chicken/"tjikin/鸡肉mutton/"mAtn/羊肉beef/bi:f/牛肉pork/po:k/猪肉fish/fiJ7鱼hamburger/"h氏mb:g/汉堡hotdog/hotdog/热狗noodles/"nu:dl/面条soup/su:p/汤salad/"s氏1d/沙拉milk/milk/牛奶water/"wo:t/水ice-cream/aiskri:m/冰淇淋cola/"kul/可乐juice/d3u:s/果汁tea/ti:/茶coffee/"kofi/咖啡

10、fruit/fru:t/水果apple/"氏pl/苹果banana/b"na:n/香蕉pear/pe/梨orange/"o:rind3/橙grape/greip/葡萄cherry/"tferi/樱桃lemon/"lemn/柠檬mango/"m克号gu/芒果coconut/"kuknAt/椰子peach/pi：tJ7桃strawberry/"stro:bri/草莓vegetable/"ved3itbl/蔬菜eggplant/"egpla:nt/茄子tomato/t"meitu/西红柿ha

11、t/h氏t/有边帽cap/k氏p/无边帽tie/tai/领带scarf/ska:f/围巾gloves/glAvz/手套9交通工具(vehicles)bike/baik/自行车bus/bAs/公共汽车train/trein/火车boat/but/小船ship/fip/轮船yacht/jot/快艇car/ka:/小汽车taxi/"t氏ksi/出租车jeep/dsi:p/吉普车van/v氏n/小货车plane/plein/飞机subway/"sAbwei/地铁10杂物(otherthings)window/"windu/窗户door/do:/门potato/p"

12、;teitu/土豆cucumber/"kju:kmb/黄瓜onion/"Anjn/洋葱pea/pi:/豌豆carrot/"k氏rt/胡萝卜cabbage/"k氏bids/卷心菜pumpkin/"pAmpkin/南瓜8衣服(clothes)jacket/'也氏kit/夹克衫shirt/f:t/衬衫T-shirtT恤衫skirt/sk:t/短裙子dress/dres/连衣裙jeans/dsi:nz/牛仔裤socks/soks/袜子shoes/fu:z/鞋子sweater/"swet/毛衣coat/kut/外套raincoat/&q

13、uot;reinkut/雨衣shorts/fo:ts/短裤sandals/"s氏ndl/凉鞋boots/bu:ts/靴子desk/desk/课桌chair/蛙/椅子bed/bed/床computer/km"pju:t/计算机board/bo:d/写字板fan/f氏n/风扇light/lait/灯mirror/"mir/镜子picture/"piktf/图画photo/"futu/照片wall/wo:l/墙壁floor/flo:/地板football/"futbo:l/足球walkman/"wo:kmn/随身听lamp/lmp

14、/台灯phone/fun/电话sofa/"suf/沙发shelf/elf/书架fridge/frid/冰箱table/"teibl/桌子key/ki:/钥匙lock/lok/锁plate/pleit/盘子knife/naif/刀fork/fo:k/叉spoon/spu:n/勺子chopsticks/"t/opstiks/筷子pot/pot/锅toy/toi/玩具doll/dol/洋娃娃ball/bo:l/球balloon/b"lu:n/气球kite/kait/风筝box/boks/盒子umbrella/Am"brel/伞zipper/"

15、;zip/拉链violin/,vai"lin/小提琴nest/nest/鸟窝hole/hul/洞menu/"menju:/菜单e-card/ka:d/电子卡片e-mail/meil/电子邮件money/"mAni/钱medicine/"medisin/药11地点（location）home/hum/家room/ru:m/房间bedroom/"bedrum/卧室bathroom/"bOrum/卫生间kitchen/"kitfin/厨房classroom/"kla:srum/教室school/sku:l/学校park/

16、pa:k/公园library/"laibrri/图书馆hospital/"hospitl/医院cinema/"sinim/电影院bookstore/"buksto:/书店farm/fa:m/农场zoo/zu:/动物园garden/"ga:dn/花园playground/"pleigraund/操场canteen/k氏n"ti:n/餐厅gym/dim/体育馆washroom/"wofrum/盥洗室artroom/a:tru:m/美术室TVroom电视房flat/flt/公寓company/"kAmpni/公

17、司factory/"f氏ktri/工厂petshop/petfop/宠物店bank/b克号k/银行country/"kAntri/乡村village/"vilid3/村庄city/"siti/城市12气象（weather）cold/kuld/冷的hot/hot/热的warm/wo:m/温暖的cool/ku:l/凉爽的snowy/snui/下雪的sunny/"sAni/晴朗的rainy/"reini/下雨windy/"windi/刮风的cloudy/"klaudi/多云的weatherreport/"wed

18、ri"po:t/天气预报13景物（nature）river/"riv/河流lake/leik/湖泊stream/stri:m/小溪forest/"forist/森林path/pa：e/小路road/rud/马路house/rud/房子bridge/brid/桥building/"bildi号/建筑物rain/rein/雨cloud/klaud/云sun/sAn/太卩日mountain/"mauntin/大山sky/skai/天空rainbow/"reinbu/彩虹wind/waind/风air/£/空气14植物（plants

19、）flower/"flau/花grass/gra:s/草tree/tri:/树seed/si:d/种子leaf/li:f/树叶plant/pla:nt/植物rose/ruz/玫瑰15星期（week）Monday/"mAndei/星期一Tuesday/"tju:zdi/星期二Wednesday/wenzdi/星期三Thursday/"©:zdi/星期四Friday/"fraidi/星期五Saturday/、氏tdi/星期六Sunday/"sAndi/星期天weekend/"wi:k"end/周末16月份（m

20、onths）January/"ds氏njueri/月February/"februri/二月March/ma:tj/三月April/"eiprl/四月May/mei/五月June/dsu:n/六月July/dsu:"lai/七月August/o:"gAst/八月September/sep"temb/九月October/ok"tub/十月November/nu"vemb/十一月December/di"semb/十二月17季节（seasons）spring/sprig/春summer/"sAm/夏f

21、all/autumn/fo:l"o:tmJ秋winter/"wint/冬18方位（directions）south/sauB/南north/no：e/北east/i:st/东west/west/西left/left/左right/rait/右19患病（illness）haveafever/"fi:v/发高烧hurt/h:t/疼痛haveacold/kuld/伤风haveatoothache/"tu:0ei/牙疼haveaheadache/"hedeik/头疼haveasorethroat/so:Orut/喉咙疼haveastomachache/

22、"stAmkeik/胃痛20数词（number）one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十hundred/"hAndrd/一百first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五sixth第六seventh第

23、七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十eleventh第十一twelfth第十二21形容词（adj.）big/big/大的small/smo:/小的long/lo号/长的tall/to:l/高的short/fo:t/短的young/ja号/年轻的old/uld/老的strong/stro号/强壮的thin/Oin/瘦的active/"氏ktiv/积极的quiet/"kwait/安静的nice/nais/好的kind/kaind/善良的strict/strikt/严格的smart/sma:t/聪明的funny/"fAni/滑稽的sweet/swi:t/甜的s

24、alty/"so:lti/咸的sour/"sau/酸的fresh/freJZ新鲜favourite/"feivrit/最喜欢的clean/kli:n/干净的tired/"taid/累的excited/ik"saitid/兴奋的angry/"克号gri/生气的hungry/"ha号gri/饿的happy/"h氏pi/高兴的cute/kju:t/可爱的bored/bo:d/无聊的little/"litl/小的sad/s氏d/难过的lovely/"lAvli/可爱的taller更高的beautiful

25、/"bju:tf1/漂亮的shorter更短的colourful/"kAlful/五颜八色的stronger更强壮的pretty/"priti/漂亮的older更老的cheap/tji:p/便宜的younger更年轻的expensive/iks"pensiv/贵的bigger更大的juicy/"dsu:si/有汁的heavier更重的healthy/"helBi/健康的longer更长的helpful/"helpfl/有帮助的thinner更瘦的high/hai/高的smaller更小的easy/"i:zi/简单的

26、good好的proud/praud/骄傲的better更好的22higher更高的介词（prep.）fine/fain/好的in在里面great/greit/棒的on在上面heavy/"hevi/重的under/"and/在下面new/nju:/新的near/ni/在附近fat/f氏t/胖的behind/bi"haind/在后面right/rait/对的nextto在旁边over/"uv/悬在上面howtall多高infrontof/frAnt/在.前面howheavy多重23howlong多长疑问词howbig多大what什么howlarge/haul

27、a:ds/面积多whatcolour什么颜色who/hu:/谁whattime几点when/hwen/什么时候whatday星期几whose/hu:z/谁的how怎样where/hw£/在哪里howold年龄多大、几岁why/hwai/为什么howmany多少which/hwitj/哪一个howmuch多少钱I三1=1字母组合变化记忆法英语单词中以某个单词为基础，加、减、换、调一个字母就成了另一个新单词。具体方法如下：前面加字母例如：is-his（他的）ear（耳朵）-near（近）/hear（听）read（读）-bread（面包）后面加字母例如：hear（听到）-heart（心脏）

28、you（你）-your（你的）plane（飞机）-planet（行星）中间加字母例如：though（尽管）-through（通过）tree（树）-three（三）减字母例如：She（她）-he（他）close（关闭）-lose（丢失）start（开始）-star（星星）换字母例如：book（书）-look（看）/cook（做饭）cake（蛋糕）-lake（湖）/wake（醒来）/make（制作）/take（带走）调字母（改变字母顺序）例如：blow（吹）-bowl（碗）sing（唱歌）-sign（签名）from（来自）-form（形成）比较记忆法这里介绍的是，相似而又不同的单词进行对比分析，弄

29、清它们的不同之处和相同之处，以进行记忆的方法。例如：改变一个元音的词就能变换出不同的词ball（球），bell（铃声），bill（帐单）改变一个辅音的词就能变换出不同的词fight（打架），light（灯），might（可能），night（晚上），right（正确的）音形相同而意义不同light（光）和light（轻）形相近want（想要）wait（等待）,read（读）ready（准备好的）。意义相同study/learn（学习），big/large/great（大的），look/see/watch（看）等；意义相反big（大）small（小），dear（昂贵）cheap（便宜），hot（热）cold（冷）等。联想记忆法使所要记忆的英语单词生动、形象和系统化，使新词和旧词之间建立一种荒诞夸张、稀奇古怪、难合情理的联系，令人终生难忘，从而达到以旧带新、快速记忆之目的。例如：打球时联想到bal（l球），（play）basketbal（l打篮球），（play）footbal（l踢足球），playground（操场）等；吃饭时联想到dining-room（餐厅），（have）breakfast（吃早餐），（have）lunch（吃午餐）等。这样日积月累、持之以恒，就可以积少成多，从而做到薄积而厚发。分类记忆法英语词汇极其