成人函授学士学位英语复习资料

1、（一）Fire Prevention on Campus1.         前段时间校园火灾频发，造成生命和财产损失2.         分析火灾发生的原因3.         作为学生，如何预防校园火灾发生审题概述这是一篇分析火灾原因和如何预防火灾为中心的文章，撰写的重点即在于此。开篇综述校园火灾频发情形及造成的生命和财产损失，然后说明火灾原因，最后提出

2、可能的火灾预防措施。第一段，主要概述；第二段，说明原因；第三段，详细论述措施。【范文】l       Fire Prevention on CampusPeople are alarmed by the succession of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, heavy casualties were reportedhouses were burned down, students lost their lives, and properties

3、 were damaged. Faced with such a chilling fact, people keep asking, “What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?”A brief survey of them reveals that human factors still prove to be the leading causes. For example, three of these fires were caused by the students use of electric water-heaters.

4、 As students often leave the heaters unattended, the risks are rather high. In other cases, fires were also caused by stoves, candles, cigarette butts, etc.Since most of these disasters could have been prevented if proper precautions had been taken, students should be better educated on the importan

5、ce and measures of fire control. The following three reminders are of particular importance for us students: First, learn how to use a fire extinguisher. Second, double-check candles, heaters, stoves and other electric appliances, and make sure there are no open flames before leaving rooms. Lastly,

6、do not smoke in the dorm. 第一段思路点评： 概述并引入下文语言点提示：（1）此句What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?常可作为过渡句，引出下文（2）注意描述有关火灾客观事实，多使用被动语态，如are alarmed by，were reported，were burned down，were damaged，Faced with。第二段思路点评：论述火灾的主要原因是使用热得快烧水，还有造成火灾的次要原因是实用电炉、蜡烛和乱扔烟蒂。语言点提示：electric water-heaters电热水器第三段思路点评

7、：详述预防火灾的三点措施，注意使用连接词语first, second, lastly。语言点提示：take precautions采取预防措施fire extinguisher灭火器（二）Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts1.         校园盗窃案件时有发生2.         物品被盗的原因3.      &

8、#160;  学生如何加强防盗意识审题概述这是一篇论述校园物品被盗和加强防盗意识的文章。第一段，主要陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况。第二段，主要分析校园物品被盗的原因。第三段，主要阐述学生怎样增强防盗意识。【范文】l       Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts “If you dont want to wake up and find you have no pants to wear, youd better put them on in sleep,” goe

9、s a popular joke among students. Obviously, campus thefts have become increasingly annoying as they occur far more often than before. And it seems that the thieves are less choosy these days, with their targets ranging widely from bikes, cell phones, purses, pre-paid IC cards to sunglasses, bags, an

10、d even underwear. In short, anything that worth a dime is likely to be stolen.What makes students the easy targets? The reasons are not hard to find. But I believe of all these reasons, the lack of anti-theft alertness is the most important one. For lack of alertness, the students tend to leave the

11、doors and windows wide open during sleep at noon or at night in summer. For the same reason, theyll also leave their bikes unlocked outside a store or by a road, or forget to take away their personal stuff before they go out of the classroom to make a phone call. These acts undoubtedly have increase

12、d their exposure to the light-fingered monsters.In order to minimize possible losses, the students must stay on guard in the first place, as awareness of the thefts around often makes a big difference. To be more specific, the students should not hide any tempting amount of cash in the dorm. Put it

13、in the bank instead. Besides, do not leave any valuable items unattended. Take them wherever you go. In addition, its advisable to develop a neighbourhood watch programme with other students in the dorm and neighbouring dorms. 第一段思路点评：陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况语言点提示：it seems that此句型表示一种可能性第二段思路点评：说明被盗原因语言点提示：（1）

14、What makes students the easy targets?此句引出下文（2）anti-theft alertness防盗意识（3）lack of alertness缺乏警惕（4）light-fingered小偷小摸的、惯行扒窃的第三段思路点评：阐述如何加强防盗意识语言点提示：注意关联词语in the first place，besides，In addition的使用可使行文更富逻辑性。学位英语作文预测题（三）英语作文 2009-09-21 21:38:46 阅读7896 评论0   字号：大中小 订阅 （三）How Will Our Life G

15、o on without Internet?1.   网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活2. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行3.         你对网络依赖症的看法     审题概述本文是一篇论述你对网络与人们生活关系的文章。第一段，侧重简述网络给人们生活带来了多彩、便利。第二段，详述网络与人们生活的紧密度。第三段，论述对网络依赖的观点。【范文】1： l       

16、60; How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?If asked whether the Internet is the greatest discovery of the 20th century, my answer would be yes. The Internet has drawn the world closer together, realized countless incredible dreams, and provided modern people with a great many conveniences and a br

17、illiant life.Today, many people simply feel they cannot live without the Internet. Governments publish their latest policies and decisions online for worldwide recognition. Political campaigns are often done online to gain wider public support. Companies and enterprises resort to the Internet for mo

18、re business opportunities and potential customers home and abroad. Universities and researchers turn to the Internet if theyd seek international cooperation or funding. Common folks like us also rely on the cyber world in various ways, for communication, entertainment, banking and shopping.The power

19、 of the Internet is all pervasive, yet its many negative effects are already visible. For example, Internet addicts tend to withdraw to their own fantasy world rather than communicate with a real person. Children are exposed to online pornography and violence. Internet frauds are an everyday occurre

20、nce. In view of all this, you are advised to use the Internet with wisdom. Keep it at a safe distance and never lose yourself.第一段思路点评：综述网络给人们生活带来的多彩和便捷。两个长句足矣。第一句用if引导的条件句引出“网络”话题，第二句概述网络带来的多彩和便捷的生活。语言点提示：has drawn, realized, and provided此为谓语连动式的运用。第二段思路点评：详述网络与人们生活的紧密关系，先总述，后分述。语言点提示：resort to借助、诉诸

21、、求助于第三段思路点评：先陈述人们对网络的依赖，再谈对此的看法。语言点提示：（1）negative effects副作用、反面作用（2）addicts成瘾者、依恋者（3）fantasy world虚拟世界、虚幻世界（4）pornography色情表演、色情作品（5）fraud欺骗、诈骗 【范文】2：As a primary source of information as well as an efficient means of communication, the Internet offers people a colourful and convenient life. Ju

22、st by clicking the mouse, we can enjoy a brilliant and easy life that could not be achieved ever before: shopping, making friends, contacting relatives, looking for jobs, downloading music and movies, conducting business deals, and freely airing our opinions.For its convenience, the Internet has att

23、racted people like magnets and some people even claim that it is indispensable. To them, life cant go on without it. Every day millions of people spend hours on end surfing the Internet. They are obsessed with it so much that they forget many other important matters. As for me, I dont approve of unr

24、estrained Internet reliance. Although the Internet is a gift of the technological revolution and a blessing of this information age, we should never let it control our life. The Internet absolutely doesnt mean the whole world to us. Instead, we should guard against its negative effects. To those Int

25、ernet addicts, I would add: Self-control can make or break your life. With proper use, the Internet serves you; otherwise, it kills you.（四）Craze for Civil Service Examinations1.  现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员2.  引起此现象的原因3.   你的看法     审题概述本文是一篇论述大学生报考公务员人数增

26、多的原因和对此的看法。第一段，主要综述大学生报考公务员增多的现象。第二段，侧重分析引起此现象的原因。第三段，重点谈自己对此的观点。【范文】l       Craze for Civil Service ExaminationsEvery year hundreds of thousands of people in China take civil service exams conducted at various levels in the hope of becoming government employees. Among

27、them, college graduates are a fast-growing force that cant be ignored. The craze for being a civil servant is not limited to liberal arts majors, as its also gaining popularity among science and engineering students. In the final analysis, this growing trend among the youngsters is mainly attributab

28、le to two factors ambitions and comforts. On one hand, many ambitious college graduates view these exams as a springboard to a higher social status, greater power and prestige, on which many of their other wishes rest. On the other, as being a civil servant generally means a stable income, enviable

29、healthcare and pension programmes, as well as other comforts of life, its quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish world economy.Personally, the desire to be a government official is beyond reproach, as the nation and the people do need an injection of new

30、blood into the civil service sectors. The fresh-faced college graduates, armed with lofty ideals, new vision, and strong drive, are undoubtedly among the best candidates. 第一段思路点评：第一句总述人们蜂拥参加公务员招考，第二句点明大学生是其中的主力军，第三句再述热衷于公务员报考的大学生不仅有文科的，还有理工科的。语言点提示：liberal arts majors文科专业学生第二段思路点评：先总述引起大学生热衷报考公务员的两点

31、因素，再详细分述。语言点提示：（1）On one handOn the other起到衔接上下文作用（2）is attributable to归因于（3）sluggish world economy衰退的世界经济第三段思路点评：重点谈对大学生热衷报考公务员的观点。语言点提示：beyond reproach无可厚非词汇1. The telegram was based on information from a _ source.      A. recent B. reliable C. rare D. private2. Mr. Wilson said

32、 that he did not want to _ any further responsibilities.    A. take on B. bring on C. get on D. carry on3. We were _ for half an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.    A. held up B. put back C. broken down D. taken down4. We develop trade with that company for o

33、ur shared _.    A. honour B. reward C. benefit D. prize5. It is a very popular play, and it would be wise to _ seats well in advance.    A. engage B. book C. isolate D. occupy6. Apples are _ in summer and cost a lot.    A. rare B. scarce C. common D. unus

34、ual7. I took the medicine, but it didnt have any _ on me.    A. effect B. relation C. touch D. affect8. Rapid reading means reading something fast just to _ the general idea.  A.master B. seize C. grasp D. imagine9. They build strong walls round the town as a _ against the e

35、nemy.    A.defense B. defend C. defeat D. depend10. Who _ the workers to take up the struggle?     A. called for B. called in C. called on D. called off 练习答案：1-10 BAACB AACAC1情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起组成谓语。只有ought后面接to do。情态动词后接完成时的用法:情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、必须、劝告

36、、意愿等概念或态度。2must现在完成时结构：这一结构表示对过去一个动作比较有把握的猜测。例：I believe he _ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had答案为D。3should (ought to )have done用来表示本来应该做却没有做的事情。例：Im sorry I couldnt get in touch with him before he left, I _

37、him earlier. A. had a telephone B. have phoned C. should have phoned D. should be phoned答案是C。中文意思是“我很抱歉我没能在他走之前和他联系上，我本应早点儿给他打电话的。”4could现在完成时，表示本来能做的事情而没有做。例：Mary _ that coat, but she chose to lend the money to a needy neighbour. A. could have bought B. must have bought C. can buy D. could buy答案为A。

38、玛丽本来可以买那件大衣的，但是她把钱借给一个更急需的邻居了。虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。虚拟语气是英语语法的难点，考生必须熟练掌握。以下从五个方面介绍。1虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would（或could, should, might）加原形动词。与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would（或could, should, might）+have done结构。与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用sh

39、ould (或were to)加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。1）If a better material _, the strength of the part would have been increased. A. had been used B. had been using C. being used D. using根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。 2）Had the weather been good, the children _ out for a walk. A. had gone B. could have gone C. would go D. went答案为B

40、。与过去的事实相反。当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if可以省略，主谓倒装。2某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用这些动词或名词包括：suggest(suggestion),propose(proposal),advise (advice),demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等表示建议、命令或要求的词。在这些从句中，谓语形式为should加动词原形，should可以省略。例：The generals command was t

41、hat the soldiers _ their fort and carry out more important task. A. would leave B. leave C. left D. have left 答案为B。3在It is desired(或desirable), It is important等结构后面的主语从句中，动词用原形或should+原形动词。这些结构有： It is suggested, It is requested, It was ordered, It is necessary, It is essential. It is vital, It is u

42、rgent, It is impossible, It is preferable, It is advisable, It was proposed等。例：Its desired that she _ to teach us at least twice a week, A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come答案为C。4在would rather, as if/though以及wish后边that从句中虚拟语气的运用。1）I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _ next month

43、 for a dinner. A. come B. would come C. came D. have come答案为C。would rather后面的从句中，动词形式用过去式。2）He talks as if he _ everything in the world. A. knows B. knew C. had known D. would have know正确答案为B。在as if/though后边的方式状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时。本句表示对现在的情况有所怀疑。3）You look as if y

44、ou had seen a ghost.此句中as if 后边是说话人想象中的过去的动作，所以用过去完成时。4）I wish I knew his address.在wish后边的从句中，如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式。这句话告诉我们说话人并不知道他的地址。5）Peter wishes that he _ law instead of literature when he was in college. Acould study B. studied C. had studied D. would study答案为C。在wish后边的从句中，如果表示过去没有实现的愿望，动词用过去完成时。

45、5在It is (high) time后边的that从句中，动词用过去式，表示该做某事了。例：Dont you think it is time you _ smoking? A. give up B. gave up C. would give up D. should give up 答案为B。虚拟语气专项练习：1. We desire that the tour leader _ us immediately of any change in plans.A. inform          B.

46、informs         C. informed             D. has informed2. It was proposed that the matter _ discussed at the next meeting.A. will be          B. was &

47、#160;          C. could be              D. be3. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _ on the way.A. goes wrong       B. should go wrong

48、60;    C. went wrong       D. would go wrong4. It is essential that these application forms _ back before the deadline.A. must be sent      B. will be sent          C. are sent 

49、60;        D. be sent5. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _?A. we are going home               B. we go homeC. we went home        &#

50、160;          D. we can go home6. Id rather you _ make any comment on the issue for the time being.A. didnt         B. wouldnt            C. dont  

51、60;      D. shouldnt7. That tree looked as if it _ for a long time.A. hasnt been watered          B. didnt waterC. hadnt been watered          D. wasnt watered8. She didnt go to the par

52、ty, but she does wish she _ there.A. has been          B. had been         C. would have been       D. would be9. _ the whole situation, I wouldnt have said it.A. If I should know 

53、             B. Had I knownC. If I knew                    D. Were to know10. The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I _ here 30 minutes sooner. A

54、. could have been      B. would be         C. should be            D. had been练习答案：1-10      ADBDC       ACBBA动词非谓语形式包括不定式，动名

55、词和分词，它们在句子中不能充当谓语，可以分别充当主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。虽然非谓语形式不能充当谓语，但它们仍然保留了动词的某些特征，比如说它们可以有自己的宾语，补足语或状语以及自己的逻辑主语，能成为句子的独立成分。动词非谓语形式有一般时、进行时和完成时三种形式以及相应的主动与被动形式。在解答有关动词非谓语形式的试题时，应特别注意以下几点：1英语中有些动词后跟不定式作宾语，有些动词后面则接动名词作宾语，还有一些动词的后边既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，有时意义不变，但有时却在意义上大不相同，所以必须牢记有关非谓语形式的基本知识。1）We shall appreciate _ from yo

56、u soon. A. being heard B. hearing C. to hear D. having been heard答案是B。appreciate 这个词后面只能接动名词，且应该是其一般式。2）The man in the corner confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company. A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told短语动词confess to中的to是介词，不是动词不定式符号，因此选项A和B可以排除。选项C是动名词的被动式，而动名词后边已经有了宾语a

57、lie ,因此动名词不能是被动式，因此正确答案是D。用完成形式的动名词表示这个动作在主要动词之前已经发生。3）We all feel sorry for _ for so long after your arrival. A. keep you waiting B. having kept you waiting C. waiting for you D. keep you wait答案为B。2非谓语动词作宾语补充语时，要弄清哪些动词后面可以跟不定式作宾补，哪些动词后面可以跟分词作宾补。1）Mr. and Mrs. Smith didnt expect the house _ so well.

58、 A. to be decorated B. to decorate C. be decorated D. decoratingdecorate是及物动词，因此可以排除B和D，C项缺了不定式的符号to，因此正确答案为A。2）There was so much noise that the speaker couldnt make himself _. A. hearing B. being heard C. to hear D. heardhear 在本句中是及物动词，据此可以排除A和C，B项选择形式不对，因此D是正确答案。3）The manager has his employees _ a

59、 business report every week. A. to write B. written C. writing D. write答案为D。have和get后面接宾补时，要用过去分词或无to不定式。4）we are going to have our office _ to make room for a new engineer. A. to rearrange B. rearrange C. rearranged D. rearranging答案为C。3非谓语动词作状语时，尤其是分词作状语时，要注意分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。例：Arriving at the bus

60、stop, _ waiting there. A. he found a lot of people B. a lot of people were C. he found a lot of peoples D. people were found根据上面所述，可以首先排除B和D，C项中的peoples结构不对，正确答案只能是A。4掌握好非谓语动词形式时态和语态的正确使用。如果非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时，用一般式，如果非谓语动词表示的动作在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用完成式。非谓语动词的逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是接受者决定了应当用主动式还是被动式。例：

61、The famous novel is said _ into Chinese. A. to have translated B. to be translate C. to have been translated D. to translate答案为C。非谓语动词练习1. It is no good _ to come now. He is busy.A. if you ask him      B. to ask him      C. asking him  

62、0;    D. that you ask him2. He was lucky to escape _ to prison.A. sending            B. being sent       C. to be sent        D. sent3. The bedroom needs _.A. clean&

63、#160;             B. to clean         C. cleaned          D. cleaning4. His parents _ last week, the child has no one to look after him.A. having died 

64、;       B. died             C. dead            D. having dead5. _ a teacher in the university, it is necessary to have at least masters degree.A. Become           B. To become       C. One becomes      D. Becoming6. There is a man at the