1ThePartsofSpeech(词类)

1、In troducti on1 The Parts of Sp eech （词 类）Mary is talk ing to her new n eighbour.KI dry, 1 heard some highSorry,my baby boy.pitched cries last night.BONDAKES. CHILDRENEXCELLENTIt often a night玛莉和她的邻居在对话中都使用了 于不同的词性。'crieS这字词,邻居的'cries 是名词，玛莉的 属crie则是动词，它们是Grammar P oi nta.英文词类传统上可分为八大类:名词 no

2、uns, 代词 pronouns, 动词verbs，形容词adjectives,副词 adverbs, 介词 prepositions ,连诃conjunctions?和感叹诃 interjectionso 有学者另外再加一项词类：限定词 determiners01.名诃 nouns表达人物、物件或地方的词类，例如:yapple, boy, tree, Mary, Hong Kong 寺。E. g. Mary has bought some food at sup ermarket.A boy is sitt ing un der a tree.2.代词pronouns代替名诃的诃类，例如：

3、I： he, she, one, who, which等。 E. g. He went to school last Saturday.She has bought a dress. I a beautiful one.The man who called yesterday wants to buy the house.3 .动词 verbs表达动作、状况或感觉的词类，例如:eat, run, feel, is, have '茅。E. g. I swim every day.David has bought a sport car.She feels very tired.It is

4、 hot today.4 .形容词 adjectives修饰名词noun的词类，例如： hot, cold, beautiful, heavy, fat '等。E. g I feel very thirsty. I n eed some cold water.This is a beautiful dress.It is hot today. I am sweat ing.5.副词adverbsquickly, slowly,beautifully, carefully 寺 o修饰动词verb和形容词adjective的词类,例如:E. g. The old man walks slo

5、wly.He sp eaks to her gen tly.She studies quietly at library.They left the burning buildi ng quickly.6.介词prepositions表达名词noun或代名词pronoun的位置、时间、方向等的词类,例如:ih, on, at, with, of, into, between, behind'等。E. g. I swim in a po ol.Please put the book on my desk.She studies quietly at library.The frog ju

6、mped into the pond.7.连词 conjunctions连接字、片语或句子的词类，例如:E. g. He failed the test because he did n study.I like apple and orange.She is p retty but mean.Oh, Hurrah, Alas, Ouch 寺 o邦傀.it我子更tt务8 .感叹词 interjections表达句子感情的词类，例如:E.g. Hurrah!” they shouted as the team scored again.Alas! Her only son was killed

7、in the war.Ouch! That hurt me.oh, my dear!9 .限定词 determiners7用于名词前面，用来限定名词，例如:a, an, the, each, every, all, both 守。E. g. The cat has just caught a mouse.Each boy has a hat.He enjoyed every minute of his holiday.All the people you in vited are coming.B.同一个字词word,可以属于不同的词类，甚至可以有不同的意思，这要视这个字词在句子sentenc

8、e的位置。E. g. She has got on a bus. (bus: noun)He is sta nding at a bus stop, (bus: adjective)She carries a book, (book: noun)He books two tickets, (book: verb)He fini shed the race in ten sec on ds. (sec ond: noun)He lives on the sec ond floor, (sec ond: adjective)c. 一些字词属于不同的词类，但有共同的字根。E. g.字本艮：easeI

9、t is easy to do this sum. (easy: adjective)She did the sum easily, (easily: adverb)The injecti on eased her pain, (ease: verb)The injecti on brought her immediate ease, (ease: noun)Com mon ErrorsXVHe sings bad.He sings badly.She has a softly voice.She has a soft voice.PI ease clea niy the floor.Plea

10、se clea n the floor.BOND MAKES. CHILDREN RYPPT T RMT 邦傀.it我子更tt务My uncle lives in Chin ese.My un cle lives in Ch ina.He is an in terest person.He is an in teresti ng person.They swim very good.They swim very well.The doctor adviced her to take a compi ete rest.The doctor advised her to take a compi

11、ete rest.The law is no Ion ger effect.The law is no Ion ger effective.I like swim.I like swimmi ng.She han ged the picture on the wall.She hung the picture on the wall.ExerciseLevel 1 Exercise 1. 1Find out the parts of sp eech of the follow ing words.E. g. tram:noun1. happy:2. they:3. Oh:5. at:7. Pl

12、ay:9. hungry:11. slept:4. him:6. but:8. quietly:10. guitar:12. teacher:Exercise 1.2Circle the correct words in the brackets.1. Would you (show / as / watch) me your stude nt ID, p lease?2. It is very (accide nt / unhappy / lucky) for you to find back your wallet.3. (Since / Before / Then) you are si

13、ck, stay in bed and have a rest.4. My grandpa is a (slowly / of / healthy) old man.5. I have lived in Hong Kong (since / for / get) 20 years.6. my brother goes to (the / swim / of) every Sun day morni ng.7. I go to school 9and / walk / on) foot almost every day.Please be (care / careful / carefully)

14、 whe n you write dow n your personal in format! on on any kinds of forms.9. Do you know the (man / happy / doing) standing right there?Exercise 1.3Give the p arts of sp eech of the words in italics. Fill in the brackets with correct letters.A:nounB: verbC: adjective1. Use a big hammer for those n ai

15、ls.2. Hammer the nails in the wall and nail the picture on the wall.3. Bath the baby in the small bath, and dry it with the bath towel.4. Joey mother is using an iron to iron her clothes.5. I am not a German but I work in a German firm.6. This plant n eedswater. You must plant it with care and water

16、 it every day.7. The weather is dry and the well has compi etely dried up.She loves to sit by the spring and watch spring flowers.9. I can an swer this questi on. PI ease tell me the an swer.10. This gold watch is made of gold that came from China.Exercise 1.4Allocate the follow ing wordsto suitable

17、category below.withHurrayandduri ngdrivebutclockweathermilkeffectp ushPlayholdmi neenjoytheirjumptallskyFridaygoodheathcale ndarhappyhappilysleepaffectquietquickly1. Xou ns:邦苑itaat子更优务BONDMAKES CHILORENEXCELLENT10142 Verbs:3. Adjectives:4. Prepo siti ons:5. Conjunctions:6. Pronouns:7. Adverbs:In ter

18、ject ions:Level 2 Exercise 1. 5Circle the mistakes in the sentences and put the correct an swers in the bla nks.1. How old is you?2. He p lays piano very good.3. The child is eat ing an ice-cream happy.4. Do not eat too little sn acks.5. The principal in this school is nicey.6. Mary ran very fastly in the comp etiti on.PI ease come to hall too time. BO怦 D MAKES. CHILDRENEXCELLENT邦傀，itSt子Jt优务7.*期a或冒8. P eter is very laz in ess.Exercise 1. 6Classify the parts of sp eech of all the un derl ined words in t