英语写作宾语专项

1、宾语概念：宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。位置：一般位于及物动词和介词之后。可以作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句。一、一般用法：1、名词作宾语Show your passport, please.请出示护照。2、 代词作宾语She did n't say an ythi ng.她什么也没说。3、 数词作宾语How many do you want? I want two.你想要几个 我想要两个。4、名词化的形容词 作宾语They sent the injured to hospital.他们把伤员送到医院。5、 不定式作宾语They asked

2、 to see my passport他们要求看我的护照。6动名词形式作宾语I enjoy working with you.我和你们一道工作很愉快。7、从句作宾语Did you write down what he said?你把他的话写下了没有二、复合宾语（宾语+宾补）概念:在英语中有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作这种宾语+宾语补足语”结构称为复合宾语。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、 介词短语和从句充当。We call him Jack .我们叫他杰克。这里him是宾语，Jack是宾语补足语。自我

3、检测：They appo in ted him chairma n.他们任命他为主席。是宾语,宾语补足语。They must keep their hands beh ind their backs. 宾语， 宾补。You must n'force him to lend his money to you.We will make our school more beautifulI saw her en teri ng a office.三、双宾语（主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）此结构若要先说直接宾语（事物）后说直接宾语（人），则需要借助to或for常跟双宾语的

4、动词有(需借助 to 的)bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show,teach, write, tell, ask.(需借助 for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save,spare.概念：双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语 a watch是直接宾语.自我检

5、测1. Please lend me your dicti on ary.2. Would you please tell me your address ?3. He wrote carefully some letters to his frie nds.4.She showed us her many of her pictures.翻译练习1. Joh nso n先生去年教我们德语。2. 玛丽把钱包交给校长了。3. 新机器将会为你节省许多劳力。4.1 want to knowA. what is his name B. what ' s his name C. that his

6、 name is D. what his name is5.-Could you tell meshe is look ing for?-Her cous in, Susa n.A. that B. whose C .who D. which宾语从句：即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。一、宾语从句的种类：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正 式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wan ted to stay at home.She doesn ' t know (that) she is seriously

7、ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接畐U词 when, where, why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are wait ing for?He asked whose han dwrit ing was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don ' t know why the train

8、 is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是 是否”例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为 陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isn' t easy.I thi nk (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please te

9、ll me when we' ll have the meeting.(三)宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。女口：I don ' t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。例如：He asked what time it was.He told m

10、e that he was prepari ng for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是 客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如:Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scie ntists have proved that the earth turns around the sun自我检测1. Your T-shir

11、t is so cool. Could you tell me?2. A. where you buy itB. where do you buy it3. C. where you bought itD. where did you buy it4. 2.Excuse me .Could you tell meI can get to the Space Museum?5. -Of course. You can take bus No.1.6. A. WhereB. howC. ifD. Why3. Tommy, do you know if Frankto the zoo this Su

12、n day if it?Sorry, I have no idea.A.will go; is fineB. goes; is fineC. will go; is going to be fineD. goes; will be fine4. Our teacher told us the sunin the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. Rises范例如何用英文写劝说信在具体写作中要注意下列几点：1 话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；2 正反对比论据要正确，条理要清楚，语言应准确、精炼;3 作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；4. 议论文的主体时态多用一般现

13、在时；5尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构以使表 达多样化。积累1常用句式 I am writi ng to express my views concernin g. I don't think it is a very good way to.For example, .Worst of all， . In my opinion，it is wrong to. As far as I am concerned we should. The main disadvantages of.are as follows.First.;.Second.;Third. ；

14、 Finally. I would very much like to advise you to.万能2写作模板Dear，rm writing to 写信目的.I don't think it is 自己观点.To beg in with，they will 分析危害 / 缺点,.In addition， .worse still， .Therefore, I strongly hope that建议内容,.I具体建议.Looki ng forward to.Yours，XXX演练3实战提升假设你是李萍，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏而不能自拔， 严重影响了 学习和身心健康。请你给他

15、写一封信劝说他戒掉这一不良习惯， 并对他的学习生 活给出自己的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第1步思路一一分析透彻是前提本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手:1. 作者首先要陈述自己的担忧；2. 指出沉迷于电脑游戏的危害；3. 表达作者的希望并提出建议。第2步词汇一一必用词汇是关键1. 迷上/沉迷于2. 首先3. 此外4. 暴力5. 脱离；放弃6开阔某人的眼界7. 对有害【答案】1.be addicted to 2.to begin with/first/first of all3 . in additi on /what's more/besides4

16、.viole nee5.break away from6. expand/broaden/widen one's horizons 7.do harm to/be harmful to第3步句式一一熟练翻译是根本|1. 人们普遍认为电脑游戏有趣而且能激发想象力。computer games are in teresti ng and can in spire our imagi nati on.2. 更糟糕的是，一些游戏充满暴力，这对你的心理健康会造成危害。, some games are full of violenee, will be harmful to your men ta

17、l health.3. 越早越好。The4. 为了有意义的生活，你可以多读些好书，多锻炼或参加一些社会活动来 开阔你的眼界。a meaningful life，you can read more good books，take more exercise to build you up orsomesocial activities to broade nyour horiz ons.【答案】I.It's gen erally believed that 2.Worse stil； which3. earlier，the better 4.ln order to live; parti

18、cipate in第4步成文一一连句成篇是目的【参考范文】Dear Wang Qiangrm writing to express my views about your addicting to computer games.Although it's gen erally believed that computer games are in terest ing and can in spire our imag in ati on，yet if you abuse them, they will be harmful to you in many ways.To beg in wi