2018高考真题英语全国一卷Word版附含答案解析

1、年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）英语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （ 共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, .Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with bea

2、utiful flowers ofWashington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view

3、some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monumentsand memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includesbike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, .Duration:3 hoursMorning or Aftern

4、oon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interestingstories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth t

5、our route( 路线) makecycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, . Get up close to themonuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol H

6、ill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for phototaking as your guide offers unique facts and history.BGood Morning Britain s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa everymorning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nut

7、ritious meals on atight budget.InSave Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes forunder 5Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders areand safety lights.do you nee

8、d to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, .Bicycle Tour.will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.C. Visit well-known museums.of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.lightsrefl

9、ective vestsB.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. D.Washington Capital Sites at NightB. Go to a national park.D. Enjoy interesting stories.C. MealsD. Safetyper family a day. And theGood Morning Britainpresenter says she s been able to put a lot of what she s leant intopracti ce in her own hom

10、e, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, andJack, 11.We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from mylocal Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains. I pay 5for a portion（ 份）,but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway

11、 food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. The eight-part series（ 系列节自 ）,Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps ofITVsSave Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products onthe market.With food ou

12、r biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a differentfamily each week. In tonight s Easter special they co deliciousinspiration on a budget. The team transforms with less expensivebut still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?Languages have been coming and

13、 going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less comingand a lotmore going. When the the world was still populated byhunter-gatherers,small, tightlyknit （ 联系 ）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent ofeach language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when t

14、he world had just five to ten million people, they spokeperhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too becamemore settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of

15、the nation-state and thespread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,allhave caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English Spanish and Chinese areincreasingly taking over.At present, the world has abou

16、t 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. Thegeneral rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones havelots, often spoken by small has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia

17、and thePacific perhaps 3,200, of which PapuaNew Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number （中位数）of speakers is a mere ,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction（消亡）, w

18、ithonly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon （eightremainingspeakers） ,Chiapaneco in Mexico （150） . Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia（one,with a question-mark）: none of these seems to have much chance of survival.me tothe aidof aA.She

19、gramme.C. Shedislikesworking earlyin themorninB.She has started a newD. She has had a light budgetB. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families forB.Providesomeadvice fortheD.Introduce anewtopicforB. Balancing Our Daily DietD. Cooking Well for LessC28.

20、What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times? developed very fast. B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2B. Advanced.30. How many languages are spoken by less than

21、6, 000 people at present? 6 800 3 400 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.We may think were a culture that gets rid of our w

22、orn technology at the first sight ofsomething shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（装置 ） wellafter they go out of style.That s bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdateddevices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

23、To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues atthe Rochester Institute of Technology in NewYork tracked the environmental costs for each product from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. Thismethod provided a readout for how home en

24、ergy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped bygeneration Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVsdefined1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2

25、007.As we accumulated more devices, however,we didnt throw out our old ones. The living-roomtelevision is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of thehouse, said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per househ

26、old in 1992 to 13 in2007. Were not just keeping these old devices wecontinue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode raytubes are the worstdevices with their energy consumption and contributionto greenhouse gas emissions（排放） more than do

27、ubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored whatwould happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as atablet for word processing and TV viewing. Th

28、ey found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead ofTVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of s

29、tyle quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. Th

30、e tablet. C. The LCD TV. D. The desktopcomputer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart. C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.第二节 （ 共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。throughout its lifeColor is fun dame nt

31、al in home desig n-someth ing you II always have in every room. A graspof how to man age color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creati ng rooms you ll loveto live in. Do you want a room that s full of life? Professi on al? Or are you just look ing fora place to relax after a long day? 36

32、, color is the key to making a room feel the way you wan t it to feel.Over the years, there have been a numberof different techniquesto help designers approachthis important point. 37 _, they can get a little complex .But good news is that there rereally only three kinds of decisi ons you n eed to m

33、ake about color in your home: the small on es, the medium on es, andthe large on es.38. They re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets thatmost of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying acolorful sofa

34、 ,small color choices bring with them the significant ben efit of being easily cha ngeable .Medium color choices are gen erally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves 39 . They requirea bigger commitme nt tha n smaller on es, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeli ng

35、 of a space.The large color decisionsin your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors .Whetheryou re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are sig ni fica nt. 40A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you re looking forC. If you re experimenting with

36、a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE. It s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分 语言知识运用（共

37、两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During mysecond year at the city college ，I was told that the education department was offering a freecourse,called Thinking Chess, for three 41 the idea of taking the class because after all ,who does nt want to 4

38、2 a fewdollars?More tha n that, Id always wan ted to lear nchess. An d,eve n if I were nt43 enough about free credits ,n ews about our 44 was appeali ng eno ugh to me. He wasan intern ati onal gran dmaster,which 45 I would be learni ng from one of the games 46 .I could hardly wait to 47 him._Maurice

39、 Ashley was ki nd and smart, a former graduate returni ng to teach, and this 48 was_no game for him: he meant bus in ess. In his in troducti on, he made it 49 that our credits wouldbe hard-ear ned. In order to 50 the class ,am ong other criteria, we had to write a paper onhow we plan to 51 what we w

40、ould learn in class to our future professions and, 52 ,to our lives.I man aged to get an A in that 53 and learned life less ons that have served me well bey ond the 54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putt ing to use what he 55 me:_“Theabsolute most importa nt 56 that you lear n

41、 whe n you play chess is how to make good 57 .Onsituationprocess what your opponent（对手）is doing andThese words still ring true today in my 60as a journ alist.41.A. put forwardB. jumped at42.A. wasteB. earn43.A. excitedB.worried44.A. titleB. competitor45.A. urgedB. demanded46.A. fastestB. easiest.in

42、terviewB.meetC. tried outD. turned dow nC. saveD. payC. movedD. tiredC. textbookD. in structorC. heldD. meantC. bestD. rarestC. challe ngeD. beatevery single move you have to 58 a59 the best move from among all your opti ons.48. A. cha nceB. qualificationC.honorD. job50. A. atte ndB. passC. skipD. o

43、bserve51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD.compare52. A. even tuallyB. n aturallyC. directlyD. no rmally53. A. gameB. prese ntati onC. courseD. experime nt54. A. criteri onB. classroomC. departme ntD. situati on55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questi onedD. promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB.

44、decisi onsC. impressi ons D.comme nts58. A. an alyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. con trol59. A. announceB. sig nalC. blockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior节（共 10 小题； 每小题分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accord ing to a review of evide nee in a medical journ al, runners live th

45、ree years 61 (long)_than non-runn ers. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the ben efit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight andstill reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running regatesalstly cannt make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be)more effective at len gthe ning life 65 wa

46、lking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a studypublished in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and earlydeaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise its probably ru

47、nning.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)yourleg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and its always_ 69(en ergy).If you are time poor, you n eed run for only half the time to get the same ben efits as other sports, so pe

48、rhapswe should all give 70 a try. _第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的次。删除：把多余的用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 l1 处起)不计分。During mylast win

49、 ter holiday, I went to coun trysidewith my father to visitmy gra ndpare nts.I find a cha nge there. The first time I went there, they were livi ng ina small house with dogs,ducks, and ano ther ani mals. Last win ter whe n I went here aga in, they had a big separate house to raise doze ns ofchicke n

50、. They also Iwe nt here aga in ,they had a big separ nte house to raise doze ns of also had a small pon d,whichthey raised fish. My gra ndpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life hadimproved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I pla nned

51、 to retur n for every two years, but he agreed.第二节书面表达(满分 25 分)假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry 将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：1. 到达时间；2. 合适的礼物；2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）英语答案1-5 BCCBA6-10BABCC11-15ABAAC16-20BCBCA21-25ADDBC26-30CDBCB31-35CADBA36-40BADGF41-45BCADD46-50CBDCB51-55CACBA56-60DBADAsee whichrunningDu

52、ring mylastwinter holiday,I went to countrysidewithmy father to visit my grandparentsI a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winterwhen I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small

53、pond they raised fish. Mygrandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I toldmy father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）英语答案1-5 BCCBA 6-10BABCC 11-15ABAAC 16-20BCBCA 21-25ADDBC26-30CDBCB31-35CADBA 36-40BADGF41-45BCADD 46-50CBDCB51-55CACBA56-60DBADA see whichrunningDuring my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. T