facility_n等词语大辨析解析

1、facility n. pl. 设备；便利，容易记忆技巧对比近义词记忆： convenience, advantage, means, ease, easiness,effortlessness, smoothness, fluency, proficiency【短语搭配】 athletic facilities体育设备 /recreational facilities娱乐设施 /communicationfacilities通讯设备 /lodge and eating facilities食宿条件The computerized phone has a call-back facility.

2、计算机化的电话有回叫装置。【辨析】facility 指能提供方便或服务 的设备；instrument意为“仪器， 器具”，尤指医疗器械和高科技仪器，如：surgical instruments外科器械；utensil 指有特殊用途的工具或容器，如：cooking utensils厨房用具；equipment指实用或技术的装备、设备，如： video equipment录像设备， fire-fightingequipment消防设备。apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的 " 器具 " 之意apparat

3、us 指 " 一套仪器 ,一套器械 ,装置 "appliance通常指需要动力才能操作的 家用电器 和装置等equipment指"设备 ,装备 "facility (pl.)"设备 ,设施 ", 只是工作生活便利的工具和环境instrument指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等1.Today,housework has been made much easier by electrical _.A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus2.The complete _ of

4、 the new library will take another year.A.apparatus B.facility C.instrument D.equipment3.The school offer us the _ for study.A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus4.This hospital imported many surgical _ from abroad.A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus5.The Browns are alw

5、ays very cold in winter because they have not a heating _.A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus1.Today,housework has been made much easier by electrical _B_.现在 ,家用电器使得家务活轻松多了 .A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus2.The complete _D_ of the new library will take another yea

6、r.新图书馆的全套设备还要花一年时间才能完成 .A.apparatus B.facility C.instrument D.equipment3.The school offer us the _A_ for study.学校为我们提供了便利学习的设施 .A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus4.This hospital imported many surgical _C_ from abroad.医院从国外进口了许多外科器械 .A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatu

7、s5.The Browns are always very cold in winter because they have not a heating _D_.布朗一家每到冬天就很冷 ,因为他们没有暖气设备 .A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus1.apparatus：既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械，又可指它们的总称。The astronauts have special breathing apparatus.（宇航员有特殊的呼吸装置。）2.instrument：通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测

8、量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。Thanks for theaccurate instrument, which helps the sailors to avoid the submergedreef.（多亏了这个精密仪器才使得水手们避开了暗礁。）3.device：多指为 某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。A computer is a device for processing information.（电脑是用来处理信息的。）4.equipment：多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。We must fit

9、the expedition out with the best equipment.（我们必须向探险队提供最好的装备。）5. tool：一般指进行特种工作的手工工具 ，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。I have a complete set of carpenter's tools.（我有全套的木工工具。）The king was just the tool of the military government.（国王只是军政府的一个傀儡。）（引申）6.implement：原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。The best im

10、plement for digging a garden is a spade.（在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。）7.appliance：侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。Dish washer is one of the appliances.（洗碗机是家用电器的一种。）8.facilities：常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。Facilitiestothehuman'sneedsandotherdelicatecaresinthestationreflectthethorough care from the Metro.（在车站的各种人性化设施和体贴入微的小细节，都反映出了

11、政府无微不至的关怀。）abandon，desert ，forsake ， quit都含有一定的 " 放弃 " 之意abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者 ,放弃一个项目或计划desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守 )forsake指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物, 着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsakeone's wife andchildren遗弃妻儿 ;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指 " 停止 " eg.quit work停止工作exercises

12、(choosethe best answer & translate every sentences):1.His presence of mind never _ him.A.deserted B.left C.lost D.quit2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to _ the plan.A.abandon B.desert C.forsake D.quit3._ it out!A.Forsake B.Quit C.Give up D.Desert4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has _ the

13、 theater for politics.A.deserted B.forsook C.quit D.exchanged 1.His presence of mind never deserted him.他从不失去镇静 .2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to abandon the plan.尽管他们遇到了一些困难 ,但并不打算放弃这个计划 .3.Quit it out! 住嘴 ./ 住手 .4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德 &

14、quot; 施瓦辛格弃艺从政了accessory，decoration ，ornament都含有一定的 " 装饰品 " 之意accessory 常作 pl. 指 (女性的 )装饰品 ,(手提包 ,些 ,手套 ,帽子 ,项链 ,耳环等 )decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament指一般装饰品 (ornament在作动词时常可和decorate 互换 )1.The hall is _ with flowers and flags.A.full B.filled C.garnished D.decorated2.The Christmas tree

15、 was decorated with shinning _ such as colored lights and glassballs.A.ornaments B.luxuries C.exhibits D.complements3.She wore a green wool suit with matching _.A.decorations B.ornaments C.accessories D.appendix1.The hall is decorated withflowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜 .(此句也能用 ornament 替换 .)2.The Chr

16、istmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as colored lightsand glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球 .3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰 .accomplish， complete， end ， finish都含有 " 完成 " 之意accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete指完成一件指派或预定的任

17、务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止1.We tried to settle the arguement but _ nothing.A.accomplised B.completed C.ended D.finished2.The term will _ early in July.A.accomplish B.complete C.end D.finish3.The building was _ in 1962.A.accomplished B.completed C.ended D.finished4

18、.When will the work be _.A.accomplished B.completed C.ended D.finished5. 比较 :I have finished the book.和 I have completed a book.分别释为何意呢? 1.We triedto settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束.3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年

19、.4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结?5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书.I have completed a book.我写完了一本书.accurate ， correct ，delicate ，exact ，precise都含有一定的 " 正确 , 精确 "之意accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate精美、精细的、雅致的或者是娇嫩的exact确切的、 精确的

20、,语气较 accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准, 而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise精密的 ,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带 "吹毛求疵 " 的贬义1.His painting is a/an _ copy of the original.A.exact B.precise C.correct D.accurate2.Laser technology has enhanced the _ of many surgical procedures.A.detail B.cost C.exaction D.pr

21、ecision3.We hope to become more _ in predicting earthquakes.A.exact B.correct C.precise D.accurate4.It s the _ thing to do.A.accurate B.precise C.exact D.correct5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a _ operation,he quicklyrecovered his sight.A. precise B.delicate C.considerate D.e

22、xact 1.His painting is a/an exact copy of theoriginal.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.2.Laser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(be accurate in在 方 面很精确 )4.It s the correct thing to do.正应如此5.

23、One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quicklyrecovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.accuse ，charge ， indict都含有一定的 " 指控 ,控告 " 之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为 指责某人 , 控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人 indict具体用法见练习3 、4 、 5 句1.The s

24、oldier was _ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scolded B.charged C.accused D.punished2.He _ me with negligence of duty.A.accused B.blamed C.charged D.indicted3.The police _ him as a rioter.A.indicted B.accused C.charged D.punished4.His company _ him for sabotage.A.accused B.indicted C.blamed

25、 D.charged5.He was _ on a charge of murder.A.accused B.charged C.punished D.indicted 1.The soldier was accused of running awaywhen the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守.3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as4.His company indicted

26、him for sabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indict sb for sth.某人 )5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on acharge of 因犯 被告)发 指控某人为 )告发achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的 " 获得 , 达到 " 之意achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain正式用语 ,指经过艰苦努力才使人达

27、到完美境地gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力 ,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西1.After so many years of hard work,he finally _ success.A.obtained B.acquired C.achieved D.gained2.She has _ some very unpleasant habits recently.A.obtained B.gained C.attained D.acquired3.In typhoon,winds _ a speed greater

28、 than 120 km per hour.A.assume B.accomplish C.attain D.assemble4.In the second experiment they _ a very clear result.A.obtained B.acquired C.won D.attained5.No _ without pains.A.obtains B.gains C.attains D.acquires6.She _ a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.A.achieved B.attained

29、 C.acquired D.gained C.D.C.A.B.C.1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功 .2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时 ,风速每小时高达 120 公里 .4.In the second experiment th

30、ey obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获 .6.She acquired a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.他从陈教授的讲座中学到很多英语知识.acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的 " 承认 " 之意acknowledge着重”公开承认”, 常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证

31、实或难以否认的事实,供认 ( 事实 ,错误等 )concede ( 不情愿地 )承认 ,(在结果确定前 )承认失败confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize指正式承认主权、权利等1.He _ that the statement was true in an argument.A.conceded B.admitted C.confessed D.recognized2.She _ having been at fault.A.admitted B.confessed C.acknowledged D.recognized3.The new law was generally a

32、dmitted _ difficult to enforce.A.being B.to being C.to be D.to have4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to _ defeat.A.conced B.conserve C.admit D.assert5.Finally he has to _ himself guilty.A.concede B.confess C.admit D.acknowledge6.Mr.Zhang was_ as the legitimate representative.A.a

33、cknowledge B.admitted C.conceded D.recognized A.C.C.A.B.D1.He concededthat the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的 .(有点不情愿的承认 )2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误 .3.The new law was generally admitted to be difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为 ,新的法律很难实施 .(admit 后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不

34、定式作宾语 ,但可接不定式作宾补 .此句中 admit为被动结构 ,所以用 to be difficult to enforce作主语补语 .)4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失 ,但还是不肯认输 .5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪 .(confess oneself认罪 )6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative o

35、f the company.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表.affirm，assert，allege， claim都含有一定的" 宣称，断言" 之意affirm断言 ,肯定 ,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert宣称 ,坚持 ,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege宣称 ,断定 ,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim声称 ,主张 , 往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点1.Politicians more often_ their desire for retirement than show that they really meanit.A.asse

36、rt B.claim C.allege D.affirm2.The suspect _ that he had not been in the neighbourhood.A.advocated B.alleged C.addressed D.announceed3.He _ his belief that she was innocent.A.affirmed B.asserted C.maintained D.stressed4.He _ that this could be done.A.affirmed B.alleged C.asserted D.claimed5.Don t _ t

37、o know what you don t know.A.claimed B.asserted C.alleged D.affirmed 1.Politicians more often affirm their desirefor retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的 .2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.3.He asserted his belief that she was

38、 innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.4.He asserted that this could be done.他宣称这是可行的.5.Don't claim to know what you don't know.不要强不知以为知.alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的 " 惊恐 " 之意alarm惊恐 ,忧虑 ,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕 ,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feel alarm at 因 )而惊恐dread担忧 ,惧怕 ,多指因预料有危险和不愉

39、快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比 fear 更为强烈的恐惧fear表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright指突然的惊恐horror令人毛骨悚然 ,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因 )panic恐慌 (指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)terror恐怖 (指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)1.There is nothing to get _ about.A.alarmed B.feared C.horrified D.terrified2.She had always been in _of m

40、eeting with an accident.A.horror B.alarm C.terror D.dread3.Our cat _ dogs.A.alarms B.fears C.panics D.dreads4.I don't _ easily.A.fear B.dread C.frighten D.alarm5.They watch with _ as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance.A.panic B.alarm C.horror D.terror6.All the residents of the

41、town _ when there was a big fire in the supermarket.A.paniced B.panicked C.surprised D.shocked7.She was _ out of her senses.A.alarmed B.feared C.hottified D.terrified 1.There is nothing to get alarmed about.没什么可大惊小怪的.2.She had always been in dread of meeting with an accident.他总是担心遇上意外事故.3.Our cat fe

42、ars dogs.我们家的猫怕狗.4.I don't frighten easily.我不会轻易受惊的.5.They watch with horror as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance.他们心惊肉跳得看着走钢丝绳的演员摇摇晃晃地在恢复平衡.6.All the residents of the town panicked when there was a big fire in the supermarket.超市的一场大火震惊了全镇居民.(panic的过去式为panicked)7.She was terri

43、fied out of her senses.她吓得魂不附体 .alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的 " 改变 " 之意alter改变 ,变更 ,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change改变 ,变更 , 指位置 ,性质 ,外表 ,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与 into连用 .convert使转变 ,变化 ,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化, 而不是本质上的巨大变化 ,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的modify修改 ,变更 ,较正式 , 常

44、用以表示意见 ,计划或形式 ,质量方面不大的变化shift指位置或方向的移动,改变transform指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格 ,性质等vary改变 ,不同 ,有区别 ,变化1.If your coat is too long,the tailor can_it to fit you.A.alter B.convert C.change D.modify2.Great _ have taken place since he left.A.alters B.converts C.changes D.transforms3.He used to be a Christian,but he i

45、s now_ to Buddhism.A.converted B.changed C.transformed D.reformed4.Prices that _ with the quality.A.shift B.vary C.convert D.alter5.The wind has _ from north to south.A.shifted B.converted C.altered D.transformed6.Many military factories have been _ into civil ones in order to meet the needs of thec

46、ountry.A.altered B.varied C.shifted D.transformed7.The inventor _ his original design in order to increase the machineA.exchanged B.converted C.modified D.cultivated1.If your coat is too long,the tailorcan alter it to fit you.如果你的衣服太大,裁缝会给你改的合身.2.Greatchanges have taken place since he left.他走后变化很大.3

47、 He used to be a Christian,but he is now.converted to Buddhism.他过去是一个基督教徒,现在改信佛教 . s effiency.4.Prices that vary with the quality.价格随质量不同而变化.(vary with 随) 而变化5.The wind has shifted from north to south.风向从北转到了南.6.Many military factories have been transformed into civil ones in order to meet theneeds

48、of the country.为了适应国情的需要,我们把很多军用工厂改成了民用工厂.7.The inventormodified his original design in order to increase the machine sefficiency.发明者改变原来的设计目的是提高机器的效率.alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的 " 选择 " 之意alternative adj. n.供选择的 ,抉择 ,供选择的东西 .指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose适用范围最广 ,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判

49、断,不强调客观标准 .它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick口头用语 ,指仔细地 ,精心地选择 ,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select语气比 choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地 ,审慎地精选 ,强调客观性 ,而不是主观性 .所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.1.He _an appropriate birthday card for his mother.A.chose B.picked C.selected D.elected2.Children shouldn't _ food.A.pick off B.pick C.choose D.select3.He _ Miss Lilyfor his wife.A.chose B.selected C.picked D.elected4.When t