第二版新视野大学英语第四册读写教程unit5课件

1、Choose to Be Alone on PurposeNew Horizon College EnglishUnit 5 : Section ABackground InformationText StudySummaryWritingLead - in45Warming Up45 social / gregarious animals bees ants elephants primate animals solitary animals turtles tigers spiders 45N H C EN H C EOur topic today is “living alone”. L

2、ike it or not, it is true of the American life that many people live alone. For most of them, living alone is a compelled choice, whereas, for some others, it is a matter of preference. Do you choose to live in solitude? Why or Why not?BackN H C EN H C EBackground Information Henry David Thoreau was

3、 a US thinker, essayist, and naturalist. Thoreau graduated from Harvard University and taught school for several years before leaving his job to become a poet of nature. In the years 1845-1847, to demonstrate how satisfying a simple life could be, he lived in a hut beside Concords Walden Pond; essay

4、s recording his daily life were assembled for his masterwork, Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854). N H C EN H C EBackground InformationBack John Milton was an English poet and pamphleteer. He attended the University of Cambridge (1625-1632), where he wrote poems in Latin, Italian, and English. His P

5、aradise Lost (1667, 1674), was considered to be the greatest epic poem in English.Considered the greatest English poet after William Shakespeare, Milton had wide influence on later literature. Text StudyNew WordsN H C EN H C E预习预习小结小结导入导入写作写作N H C EN H C ENew Words solitarya.独自的；喜欢独处的独自的；喜欢独处的 tame

6、v./a.驯服，控制驯服，控制 / 温顺的温顺的 pond n.C 池塘池塘 inspirationn.C, U 灵感灵感 solituden.U 独居，孤独独居，孤独 commodity n.1. C 必需品必需品 2. C商品，货物商品，货物 sunlight n. U阳光，日光阳光，日光 benign a.善良的，慈祥的，温和的善良的，慈祥的，温和的 cushionn.C 坐垫，垫子坐垫，垫子 creep vi.潜行；蹑手蹑脚地移动潜行；蹑手蹑脚地移动BackN H C EN H C ENew Words poetry n.U诗，诗歌诗，诗歌 dictatev. 1. 口述；口授口述；口

7、授 2. 命令；指使命令；指使 kettlen.C水壶水壶 priestn.1. 代表人物代表人物 2. 神父；牧师神父；牧师 reliancen.U依靠；依赖依靠；依赖 self-reliance n.U 自立；自力更生自立；自力更生 hutn.C 小屋小屋 axen.C 斧子斧子 saucern. C 茶托；茶碟茶托；茶碟 laundryn.1. U 待洗或刚洗好的衣物待洗或刚洗好的衣物 2. C洗衣店洗衣店BackN H C EN H C ENew Words companionablea.友善的，友好的友善的，友好的 egon.1.自我自我 2. 自我价值感自我价值感 humble a

8、.1. 谦逊谦逊/谦虚的谦虚的 2. 地位地位/身份低下的身份低下的 inadequatea.不充分的，不充足的不充分的，不充足的 plural a./n.复数的复数的 / 复数形式复数形式 apology n.C 道歉道歉 soak v.长时间泡浴长时间泡浴 / 使湿透，浸湿使湿透，浸湿 pint n.C 品脱品脱 （液量单位液量单位） waterproof a. 防水的，不透水的防水的，不透水的 slippery a.滑的滑的BackN H C EN H C ENew Words observation n.C,U 评论评论/观察；注意观察；注意 choke v.1. 说不出话来说不出话来

9、 2. （使）窒息；（使）窒息； parcel n.C 包裹包裹 parrot n.C鹦鹉鹦鹉 sportsman n.C 运动员运动员 skate vi.溜冰，滑冰溜冰，滑冰 skater n.C 溜冰者，滑冰者溜冰者，滑冰者 self-centereda.自我为中心的，自私的自我为中心的，自私的 sealvi.封；密封封；密封BackN H C EN H C EPhrases and expressionson purpose故意，特意故意，特意cast out赶走，驱逐赶走，驱逐speak highly of对对给与高度评价；赞扬给与高度评价；赞扬seek out找到；找出找到；找出se

10、t forth出发，动身出发，动身stretch out1.拉伸，拉长拉伸，拉长 2. 躺平，舒展躺平，舒展back up1.（使）积压；（使）拥塞（使）积压；（使）拥塞 2. 支持支持at length1. 长久的；详尽的长久的；详尽的2. 最终；终于最终；终于in line（排）成一行；（排）成一队（排）成一行；（排）成一队settle down（使）安定下来（使）安定下来BackN H C EN H C Efor the time being暂时，眼下暂时，眼下might as well只是；还是只是；还是为好为好 Proper NamesThoreau梭罗梭罗(美国作家美国作家)Dor

11、othy Wordsworth多萝西多萝西.华兹华斯（人名）华兹华斯（人名）William 威廉威廉 (英国诗人英国诗人)Milton弥尔顿（英国诗人）弥尔顿（英国诗人）Walden Pond瓦尔登湖瓦尔登湖 Melissa 梅利莎（人名）梅利莎（人名）BackPhrases and expressionsN H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBack Para 1 Here we are, all by ourselves, all 22 million of us by recent count, alone in our rooms, some of u

12、s liking it that way and some of us not. Some of us divorced, some widowed, some never yet committed.N H C EN H C E句型句型Detailed Study of TextBackPara 2 Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and its more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin. On the other hand, to be alone on p

13、urpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero. The solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas. Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned t

14、o the town. Now, thats character for you.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 3 Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers. Theyre all for it. They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out, at least for an hour or even two before they hurry home for

15、tea.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 4 Consider Dorothy Wordsworth, for instance, helping her brother William put on his coat, finding his notebook and pencil for him, and waving as he sets forth into the early spring sunlight to look at flowers all by himself. “How graceful, how benign,

16、 is solitude,” he wrote.Para 5 No doubt about it, solitude is improved by being voluntary.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 6 Look at Miltons daughters arranging his cushions and blankets before they silently creep away, so he can create poetry. Then, rather than trouble to put it in

17、his own handwriting, he calls the girls to come back and write it down while he dictates. 句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 7 You may have noticed that most of these artistic types went outdoors to be alone. The indoors was full of loved ones keeping the kettle warm till they came hom

18、e.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 8 The American high priest of solitude was Thoreau. We admire him, not for his self-reliance, but because he was all by himself out there at Walden Pond, and he wanted to be all alone in the woods. 句型句型Walden PondA Statue of ThoreauN H C EN H C EDetaile

19、d Study of TextBackPara 9a Actually, he lived a mile, or 20 minutes walk, from his nearest neighbor; half a mile from the railroad; three hundred yards from a busy road. He had company in and out of the hut all day, asking him how he could possibly be so noble. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBa

20、ckPara 9b Apparently the main point of his nobility was that he had neither wife nor servants, used his own axe to chop his own wood, and washed his own cups and saucers. I dont know who did his laundry; he doesnt say, but he certainly doesnt mention doing his own, either. Listen to him: “I never fo

21、und the companion that was so companionable as solitude.” 句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 10 Thoreau had his own self-importance for company. Perhaps theres a message here: The larger the ego, the less the need for other egos around. The more modest and humble we feel, the more we s

22、uffer from solitude, feeling ourselves inadequate company.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11a If you live with other people, their temporary absence can be refreshing. Solitude will end on Thursday. If today I use a singular personal pronoun to refer to myself, next week I will use the

23、plural form. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11b While the others are absent you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room, and use your freedom, coming and going as you please without apology, staying up late to read, soaking in the bath, eating a whole pint of ice cre

24、am at one sitting, moving at your own pace. Those absent will be back. Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11c But when you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances

25、leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 12 The condition of loneliness rises and falls, but the need to talk goes on forever. Its more basic than needing to listen. Oh, we all have friends we can tell important things to, people we can call to say we l

26、ost our job or fell on a slippery floor and broke our arm. Its the daily succession of small complaints and observations and opinions that backs up and chokes us. We cant really call a friend to say we got a parcel from our sister, or its getting dark earlier now, or we dont trust that new Supreme C

27、ourt justice.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 13a Scientific surveys show that we who live alone talk at length to ourselves and our pets and the television. We ask the cat whether we should wear the blue suit or the yellow dress. We ask the parrot if we should prepare steak, or noodles,

28、 for dinner. We argue with ourselves over who is the greater sportsman: that figure skater or this skier. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 13b Theres nothing wrong with this. Its good for us, and a lot less embarrassing than the woman in front of us in line at the market whos telling the cas

29、hier that her niece Melissa may be coming to visit on Saturday, and Melissa is very fond of hot chocolate, which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix, though she never drinks it herself.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 14 Its important to stay rational.Para 15 Its important to st

30、op waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable, at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in our condition, not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a tower, waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of

31、TextPara 16 After all, here we are. It may not be where we expected to be, but for the time being we might as well call it home. Anyway, there is no place like home.45Main Idea & StructureMain Idea & StructureMain idea:The text focuses on a social phenomenon choosing to be alone on purpose,

32、what people think of living alone, who prefers living alone, the life of the solitary people, and what the writer advises for living alone. Structure?45Choose to Be Alone on PurposePart 1 (Para. 1)As a social trend, lots of people are living alone.Loneliness: a sort of social disease but a character

33、istic of an American hero.Part 3 (Paras. 3-10)Poets &philosophers Part 4 (Paras. 11-16)Part 2 (Para. 2)45II. Question AnsweringII. Question Answering1. Why is loneliness a sort of national disease in the US?Because there are altogether 22 million of people living alone intheir rooms in the US.Te

34、xt StudyUnderstanding452. Why do poets like solitude? Because they get inspiration from it, and they feel good about themselvesfor seeking it out.Text StudyUnderstanding453. What can be learned from Thoreaus choice of the solitary way of life?The more positive one is toward oneself, the less the nee

35、d for staying with others.Text StudyUnderstanding454. Why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others?Because it is a basic need of a solitary person.Text StudyUnderstanding455. Who may the person living in solitude talk to?They may call friends to tell them important things, or talk

36、 to himself, his pets, the television, or even tostrangers in the supermarket.Text StudyUnderstanding45Focus StudyFocus StudyNotes to the TextFocus Study 1. all 22 million of us by recent count by count: by calculating the number 我们数了一下，这是你吃的第五块蛋糕。 根据最近的统计，越来越多的金融界精英正在从华尔街转向中国大陆。 By our count thats

37、the fifth cake youve eaten. By recent account, an increasing number of elites in financial circles are shifting from the Wall Street to Chinese mainland.45N H C EN H C E抛弃抛弃/ /驱逐某人驱逐某人: :篮球队将放弃任何不篮球队将放弃任何不能适应该队风格的球能适应该队风格的球员。员。to fit in withThe basketball team will cast out whoever does not fit in w

38、ith its style.45Notes to the TextFocus Study 3. Theyre all for it. be for: support; be in favor of Im for the chairmans plan. 我完全拥护男女平等，但是我不想让我妻子工作。 我赞成主席的计划。 Im all for sexual equality but I dont want my wife to work.45Notes to the TextFocus Study 4. They all speak highly of themselves for seeking

39、it out. seek out 找出/搜寻出 他从网上搜索到的东西与其说和专业有关，倒不如说和社交有关。seek out sth. from online / have not so much relation to A as to B / social contactWhat he has sought out from online has not so much relation to his specialty as to social contact.45N H C EN H C E动身阐述动身阐述独立宣言独立宣言中说，所中说，所有人生来就被赋予了一有人生来就被赋予了一些不可剥夺的

40、权利，其些不可剥夺的权利，其中有生命权，自由权及中有生命权，自由权及追求幸福的权利。追求幸福的权利。The Declaration of Independence / be endowed with / certain unalienable rights In The Declaration of Independence, it is set forth that all men are endowed with certain unalienable rights: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.45 Thoreau had his

41、 own self-importance for company. (L38)The reason for Thoreaus holy life was the thought that he was more important than other people, which accompanied him and helped expel the disturbance from the world outside.45N H C EN H C E放松放松; ; 伸出伸出; ; 延长延长: :在经济不景气的时候，在经济不景气的时候，人们往往会购买廉价人们往往会购买廉价商品为了能够使自己商

42、品为了能够使自己的钱坚持到困难时期的钱坚持到困难时期结束。结束。in an economic recession / trade down / in order that / stretch sth. out to the end ofIn an economic recession, people often trade down in order that they can stretch their money out to the end of the hard time.45勉强去做那些做不到的勉强去做那些做不到的事情事情:伸展身体伸展身体; 尽最大的努力尽最大的努力:说过分点；言过

43、其实：说过分点；言过其实：娱记们往往娱记们往往擅长擅长夸大事夸大事实来吸引更多的眼球。实来吸引更多的眼球。 to stretch for the impossible to stretch oneself to stretch the truth/factentertainment reporters / be good at doing sth. / stretch the facts / catch ones eyes Entertainment reporters, more often than not, are good at stretching the facts to catc

44、h more eyes. 45N H C EN H C E装满，占满装满，占满当股指上升时，股票交当股指上升时，股票交易所充满了欢乐和喝彩易所充满了欢乐和喝彩声。声。stock index / be on the rise / stock exchangeJoy fills up the stock exchange when the stock index is on the rise.45N H C EN H C E正如一口吃不成个正如一口吃不成个胖子一样，成功不胖子一样，成功不能一蹴而就。能一蹴而就。grow fat / be attained with Just as no one g

45、row fat at one sitting, no success can be attained with one single effort.459. -proof protecting against the damaging effect of sth. else waterproof watches a bulletproof cara soundproof roomairproof pipes provide risk-proof services防水手表防弹汽车隔音的房间密封的管道提供风险防范服务Words and ExpressionsWord Using 45 But wh

46、en you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. (L47)But if you live alone and your friends and acquaintances leave for the time being, you will have the feeling of emptiness, and they may never come back.45N H C EN H C E10. 10. 一

47、个人的事业有一个人的事业有高潮也有低潮，但他高潮也有低潮，但他对幸福的追求是永恒对幸福的追求是永恒的。的。rise and fall / pursuit of happinessOnes career may rise and fall, but ones pursuit of happiness goes on forever.45N H C EN H C E（使）积压；（使）（使）积压；（使）拥塞；支持：拥塞；支持：压抑在心头的想法，压抑在心头的想法，特别是情感，需要特别是情感，需要发泄。否则，就可发泄。否则，就可能变成心理问题。能变成心理问题。need an outlet / grow

48、into a mental problemWhat has backed up in ones mind，especially emotions, needs an outlet; otherwise, it may grow into a mental problem.45While loneliness is very common in the U.S., few people care to admit to it because it is perceived as (1)_. It is seen as admirable for American heroes to bravel

49、y go alone into the wilderness and for poets and philosophers . Some poets and philosophers, like William Wordsworth and John Milton and Henry David Thoreau, enjoy )_. When an individualsome sort of social diseaseto seek out solitudeinspiration from solitude Summary SummaryText StudySummary45is not

50、solitary out of choice, the experience is . It is _ to talk to someone not only about the big things but also about the little daily things. As a consequence, lonely people will talk about the little things to themselves, the cat, the dog and, , to total strangers. Therefore, its important for ordin

51、ary people to (7)_, make themselves comfortable at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in their home. both less enjoyable and productiveour basic needmost embarrassinglystay rationalText StudySummary45Old to NewOld to Newalone; lonelypoems in generalnot great or importanthighest in r

52、ank/degreefairnessstart a journeyblock up; supporthave a great liking for solitary poetry humble supreme justice set forth / out / off back up be fond ofWords and ExpressionsOld to New 45独自地根据最近的统计一种民族弊病另一方面冒险出去征服大自然 all by oneself by recent count a sort of national disease on the other hand venture

53、 out tame natureIII. Chinese to EnglishIII. Chinese to EnglishWords and ExpressionsC to E 45独处带来的灵感对给予高度评价穿上外衣独处高士装满熬夜 inspiration in solitude speak highly of put on ones coat high priest of solitude fill up stay up lateWords and ExpressionsC to E 45一口气地按自己的节奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不断发生的小小抱怨最高法院新来的法官极大的努力 at on

54、e sitting at ones own pace fall on a slippery floor the daily succession of small complaints a new Supreme Court justice supreme effortWords and ExpressionsC to E 45与某人争论某事花样滑冰选手保持理性安静下来；定居以自我为中心的暂时 argue with sb. over sth. figure skater stay rational settle down self-centered for the time beingWord

55、s and ExpressionsC to E N H C EN H C EBack征服广袤的荒野征服广袤的荒野最有用的东西最有用的东西自视甚高自视甚高毫无疑问毫无疑问蹑手蹑脚地走开蹑手蹑脚地走开交通繁忙的大路交通繁忙的大路有人为伴有人为伴某人主要的高洁之处某人主要的高洁之处砍柴砍柴洗衣服洗衣服汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 to tame the great wild areasa major commodity to speak highly of oneselfno doubt about itto creep awaya busy roadto hav

56、e companythe main point of ones nobilityto chop wood to do a laundryEnglish Equivalents of Chinese预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作N H C EN H C EBack以以为伴为伴随意随意熬夜熬夜详细叙说详细叙说快乐的结局快乐的结局汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 to have for companyas you pleaseto stay up lateto talk at lengtha happy ending English Equivalents of C

57、hinese预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作N H C EN H C E抛弃；驱逐某人抛弃；驱逐某人: 找出；搜寻出找出；搜寻出: 动身；阐述动身；阐述: 放松放松; 伸出伸出; 延长延长: 安下心来安下心来,定居定居: to cast outto seek outto set forth to stretch outto settle downEnglish Equivalents of Chinese汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 Back预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来，而是唤回然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来，而是唤回女儿们

58、，向她们口述，由她们记下来。女儿们，向她们口述，由她们记下来。BackN H C EN H C E原原 句句 译译 文文逆逆 译译 练练 习习产产 生生 式式 提提 炼炼Then, rather than trouble to put it in his own handwriting, he calls the girls to come back and write it down while he dictates. Rather than do sth., sb. do (would do) sth. else. 某人并不某人并不, 而是而是N H C EN H C E句句 式式 提提 炼炼应应 用用 提提 示示产产 生生 式式 应用应用用于表述用于表述“某人的真实做法某人的真实做法”。BackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示await ones doom / do ones utmost / address the economic crisisRather than sitting back and awaiting their doom, all the countries are doing their utmost to address the worst economic crisis in generations.B