石油出国人员必备英语 第 3 章 钻进

1、第三章 钻 进一. 常用单词及短语drill钻进make hole钻进bottoms up 迟到时间bit钻头drill collar钻铤drill pipe钻杆drill out钻水泥塞survey测斜deviation 井斜azimuth 方位MWD=measure while drilling 随钻测量LWD=logging while drilling 随钻测井MD=measure depth 测量井深TVD=true vertical depth 垂深pump slug（pill）压水眼circulate循环trip起下钻bit change 换钻头wiper trip短起下钻、拉井

2、壁open扩眼ROP=rate of penetration 机械钻速WOB=weight on bit钻压RPM=revolutions per minute转速SPM=stroke per minute冲数hook weight 大钩载荷run mud over shaker 振动筛跑泥浆drilling parameter钻井参数1 m=3.281 feet1 in= 2.54 cm1 pound= 0.4536 kg1 psi=6.8948 kPa1 ft·lbf=0.1356 daN·m1 hp=0.746 kW二. 阅读练习 1. 表层钻进指令WELL: WIZ

3、EEN NORTH-2井号：维壬 北-2DRILLERS & CREWS 司钻和班组 SURFACE HOLE 表层 375 mm TO 600 mKB· Mark in tour book size & number of dp, dc, hwdp, etc. That is on location. 在班报表中记录井场钻杆、钻铤、加重钻杆等尺寸和数量等。· Hold prespud safety meeting & mark in tour book 召开开钻前安全会并且记录在班报表中。· Strap casing & floa

4、t shoe/collar asap. Let me have tally to determine surf. T.d. 尽快丈量套管、浮箍、浮鞋。给我测量数据以决定表层井深。· Follow mud reports spud with spud mud, mud up ( follow mud mans instructions ) 遵循泥浆设计用开钻泥浆开钻，配泥浆（遵循泥浆工程师的指令）。· Pump with both 115 spm wth 160 x305 mm liners. Note: pumps maximum spm to clean hole. 双泵

5、115冲分钟，缸套尺寸160mm X 305mm冲程。注意：循环清洗井眼时应开到最大泵冲。· Drill with 2-30 tons wob & 60-180 rpm to maximize penetration rate ( use only 80 rpm and one pump until 2 dc below conductor shoe; then use 2 pumps always ) (drill out cement using 2 pumps) 以钻压230吨、60180转分钟来获得最佳机械钻速（在前2根钻铤出套管鞋前应用80转分钟、单泵，然后一直用双

6、泵）（钻水泥塞用双泵）。· Survey every 30 m. Keep below 2° 每30米测一次斜，保持井斜低于2度。· Anytime circulating work pipe regularly and slowly 任何时间循环时，应保持有规律的缓慢的活动钻具。· Follow trip procedures and fill out trip sheets completely and accurately. 按照起下钻程序操作，准确完整填写起下钻灌浆记录。· Mark flow check depths in tour

7、book. Keep hole full during flow checks. 在班记录中记录溢流检查井深，溢流检查时保持井眼灌满泥浆。 · Trip at speed so as to not swab or surge hole. Be careful for mud rings & hole packoff. 起下钻控制速度以便不拔活塞或压力激动。小心井壁泥饼和井眼堵塞。· Rop maximum 30 m/hour to prevent hole packoff or flowline plug 为了不堵塞井眼和出水管，控制最高机械钻速为30米小时。

8、83; Drill to 10 m before surf. t.d. / Be sure viscosity is up for rih casing 钻到表层井深10米前，确保提高泥浆粘度以便下套管。· Circulate & work pipe for 1/2 hour to clean hole ( more if hole not cleaning ) 循环、活动钻具半小时以便清洗井眼（如果井眼不干净应延长循环时间）。· Pooh for wiper trip ; strap out, check slm=tally before rih ,strap i

9、n if different 短起下时，边起边测量起出钻具，下钻以前检查是否和钻具表一致，如不同边下钻边测量。· Rih & drill to surface t.d. 下钻并钻到表层井深。· Work pipe & circulate for 1/2 hour to clean hole ; be sure viscosity is still high for rih casing 循环、活动钻具半小时以便清洗井眼，确保泥浆粘度仍然足够高以便下套管· Pooh to run surface casing 起钻下表层套管。CHECK &

10、MARK IN TOUR BOOK: 检查并且记录在班报表中l All mud volumes (m3) lost to formation & depth (mkb) 所有漏失到地层中的泥浆量（方）及井深l All mud volume (m3) dumped 所有放掉的泥浆量（方）l PVT, mud tank volume (m3) PVT ，泥浆罐泥浆量l Mud checks & material added 泥浆测量记录和加入的泥浆药品l Shaker screen sizes 振动筛筛布尺寸l BHA item OD & ID / BHA weight /

11、 weight below jars 井下钻具组合内、外径/重量/震击器以下重量l Drag up / drag down 上提、下放阻力l Torque. 扭矩l Centrifuges OF& UF WT., litres/min, hrs ( if ran ) 离心机上水密度、排水密度，升分钟、时间（如果运转）。l Depth (mkb) of any problem spots ( boulders, tight hole, mud rings etc) 任何复杂点的井深（台阶、遇阻井眼、泥饼等）u Use garbage bin for all garbage ; keep

12、lease & roads clean 所有垃圾应放入垃圾箱，保持井场和公路清洁。u Know where mud product safety books are and use as needed 知道泥浆产品安全说明书在哪，如需要就使用。u Smoke only if necessary at edge of lease 需要时只能在井场边上吸烟u Keep all vehicles at least 25 m from wellbore (unless they have emergency shutdown) 保持所有车辆离井眼25米远（除非紧急停车）u Follow gov

13、ernment,contractor, & oil company safety policies and regulations 遵守政府、承包商、油公司的安全政策和制度。u If any accidents (no matter how small) report to toolpush and write in tour book 任何事故（无论其多么小）报告给队长并记在班报表中。u Keep mud material neat; use up broken bags first 保持泥浆药品的整洁；首先使用那些袋子破了的。u Used oil (from engines, et

14、c.) Stored in drums 用过的机油（柴油机的等）必须保存在桶中。u Use wash gun to clean floor & scrubbing - do not run water hoses that just fill up the sump 用水枪清洗或擦洗地面，不要用水管线，那样只会灌满污水坑。If any problems or questions anytime - call me 如果任何时间有任何问题-找我THANKS, ROY WIELER2. 油层井眼钻进指令WELL: WIZEEN NORTH-2 DRILLERS & CREWSMAI

15、N HOLE 主井眼 251 mm TO APPROX 至大约. 2301 mKB- Drill out cement and to all dcs below csg shoe with rpm 80, wob 5-10 用80转分钟、钻压5到10打水泥塞，直到所有钻铤出套管鞋- Drill ahead w/ maximum wob 5 20 ton and maximum 140 rpm unless instructed different 在指令没有变化以前，用5到20吨钻压、转速最大用140钻进。- Follow mud reports ( derrickmen check with

16、 mudman at start of each tour ) 遵循泥浆设计，井架工每班接班时问一下泥浆工程师。- Survey at 475 mkb, then every 150 meters.( keep deviation under 3 deg. ) Mark down all surveys in tour sheets. 475米处测斜，之后每150米一测（井斜控制在3度以下）；在班报表中记录下测斜数据。- Maintain mud tank volume - do not lose any mud to sump over shakers, or pumps leaking 保

17、持罐中泥浆量，振动筛上不能跑泥浆，也不允许泵漏泥浆。- Pump 110 spm using single pump, ( liners 160 x 302_ mm) (1.9 m3/min) 单泵时泵冲为110冲分（缸套尺寸160mm x 冲程302mm）（1.9方分）- Anytime circulating work pipe regularly and slowly . 任何时间循环时，应有规律的缓慢的活动钻具。- Follow trip procedures and fill out trip sheets completely and accurately. 按照起下钻程序操作，准

18、确的、完全的填写起下钻灌浆记录。 - Mark flow check depths in tour book. Keep hole full during flow checks while pooh or rih. 在班记录中记录溢流检查井深，溢流检查时保持井眼灌满泥浆。- On strap out trip; check SLM vs tally before RIH; strap in if difference over 1.0 meter 起钻丈量立柱，核实测量立柱长度和钻具表，如果误差超过1米则边下边测量。- Trip at speed so as to not swab or s

19、urge hole起下钻控制速度以便不拔活塞或压力激动。小心井壁泥饼和井眼堵塞。- Record in tour book any depth(mkb) of trouble spots (tight hole, lost circ, kicks & volumes) 在班报表中记下任何复杂点的井深（遇阻点、漏失、井涌和泥浆量）- Be sure macp sheet is posted at choke manifold and remote choke panel. Keep track of mud wt. Each tour - be sure manifold valves

20、lined up correctly. 保证最大允许关井套压张贴在节流管汇和节流远控台上，每班记录泥浆比重，确保节流管汇闸门排列正确。- Be sure dp pressure gauges are working accurately at all locations. Be sure gauges all correspond with each other. 确保各处的钻杆压力表都工作准确；确保所有仪表相互对应。-Each tour check & mark in book: - reduced speed pump pressures 在班纪录中每班测试并记录低泵冲压力。- B

21、OP function checks & times: close annular, P rams, (function blind rams every time out of hole)封井器功能测试和次数：关闭万能、半封（每次起完钻时测试全封）- All mud volumes (m3) lost to formation & depth (mkb) 所有泥浆漏失井深和漏失量。- All mud volume (m3) dumped 所有放掉的泥浆量- Mud tank volume (m3) 泥浆罐中泥浆量- 3 mud checks 3次的泥浆测量结果- Shaker

22、 screen sizes & if new screen installed 筛布尺寸目数和是否换新筛布。- BHA item OD & ID / BHA weight / weight below jars if ran 井下钻具组合内、外径/重量/如果下了震击器，震击器以下重量。- Drag up (overpull ) / drag down 上提、下放阻力- Torque 扭矩- Centrifuge checks: uf, of, litres/min., hrs ran 离心机的检查：上水密度、排水密度、排量、运转时间。- Desilter & desan

23、der checks: UF wt., OF wt., litres/min., hrs ran 除泥器和除砂器的检查：上水密度、排水密度、排量、运转时间。Weekly: - Hold & mark in book BOP drill and safety meeting 每周进行并记录防喷演习、安全会 -Check all bop bolts for tightness, check choke & flare & degasser unions.检查封井器螺丝松紧，检查节流、放燃和除气管线连接。- Function hcr / check motor kills/

24、check fire extinguishers 功能测试液动放喷阀/检查马达停车/检查灭火器。- Use garbage pit for all garbage; keep lease & roads clean 所有垃圾应放入垃圾箱，保持租地和公路清洁。- Smoke if necessary or any fires or welding at edge of lease 如果需要只能在租地边吸烟、点火或焊接。- Keep all vehicles at least 25 m from rig / park at edge of lease 保持所有车辆离井至少25米远、车辆停在

25、租地边上。三. 扩展词汇-钻井日报表工作内容摘录Drill out cement to 29 mkb钻水泥塞到29米Drill 12 1/4" hole to 46 mkb钻12-1/4井眼到46米Pump Hi-Vis sweep泵入高粘清扫浆Survey 45 mkb 1/4 deg 45米处测斜 1/4度Wiper trip 10 stands ( hole in good condition) 拉井壁10柱(井下正常)Circulate hole clean , Pump 6m3 Hi-Vis &spot on bottom循环井底干净,打6方高粘并滞留在井底Ream

26、 fr. 711 to 732 m, Pump 8m3 Hi-Vis sweep从711米到732米划眼,打8方高粘Circulate hole clean , Pump 8m3 Hi-Vis &spot on bottom循环井底干净,打8方高粘并滞留在井底Open 12 1/4" hole to 17 1/2" fr 38m to 136mkb从38米到136米将12-1/4“井眼扩眼到17-1/2 ”Circulate hole clean & pump pill循环干净,压水眼Ream tight hole fr 1223 to 1329m 1223

27、米到1329米划眼遇阻段Continue running in to 1518 m继续下钻到1518米Ream tight & undergauge hole from 1518 to 1686 1518-1686米遇阻段和欠尺寸井段划眼Pull out of hole to core 起钻取芯Make up 40' core barrel & Run in hole to 771 mkb 组合40英尺取心筒并下钻到771米Wash & ream fr. 771 to 798 mkb, Circulate & drop ball 从771到798米冲洗并

28、划眼，循环并投球Cut Core # 1 fr. 798 to 808.55 mkb 割1#岩心，从798 到 808.55 米Recover 2.6m core, Lay down & load out core bbl.收获2.6米岩芯，甩取心筒四. 补充材料-甲方要求整改的指令Sudan Project Joint Operation Committee苏丹项目合作委员会Repairs While Drilling & Requisites for Modifications钻进时修理和整改要求1. Repair Electrical Elevator 修理电梯2. Ac

29、cumulator and Manifold guages, Stripping guage installed on BOP Panel in Doghouse 储能器和节流管汇仪表，连接钻台偏房内封井器控制台面板气压表。3. Geolograph fully Functional 地质录井仪功能完整。4. 2” valve above 4” standpipe valve on rig floor 钻台4寸立管闸门上面的2”闸门。5. Mudcan cable and clamps ( need new Mudcan ) 防喷盒的绳子和卡子（需要新防喷盒）。6. Need centrifu

30、ge working 需要离心机能工作7. Safety Clamps on 4” high pressure standpipe on ground 地面4”高压管线上的安全卡子。8. Need pressure relife valves on air tanks in substructure 底座中气瓶上需要安全阀。9. Move Flow Sensor 把流量传感器移走10. 1” eye welded in substructure for BOP stabilizers 底座上焊1”封井器固定点11. Repair Trolley Track in substructure fo

31、r BOP nipple up, also order 2 piece of 20 ton chain hoists for nipple up BOP 修理底座下用于安装封井器滚轮车轨道，并购买两个20吨倒链用于封井器的安装。12. Install equalizers in Mud tank components. 在泥浆罐分隔间安装泥浆量平衡管13. Mud tank gates 泥浆罐挡板14. Need 2 more 6 x 8 inches mission pumps 75 HP (refer to contract). 需要另2个75马力6x8寸Mission 泵（参见合同）15

32、. Need eye wash station in Mixing Shack. 在混合室中需要洗眼站16. Need to move mixing hopper or install hopper outside. 需要把混合漏斗移出来或在外面安装一个新混合漏斗。17. Need New Poorboy Degasser W/ wearplate installed. *需要有耐磨板的新油水分离器18. Either get centrifuge working or remove F/ mud tank and adjust Dayrate Accordingly. 或使离心机工作或把其从

33、罐上移走并相应调整日费。19. Conduct 3rd party API sch 8 or Dynaplet Hook. * 进行第三方API sch检验或Dynaplet大钩20. Before spudding next well conduct Wet Magnetic Particle inspection on Brake Bands, Linkage also inspect bridle lines as well as LB400 swivel Quill, Kelly Spinner Sub. * 在下口井打导管前，应对刹带、刹带连接、起架大绳、LB400水龙头提环、方钻杆

34、旋扣器接头进行磁性微粒湿性探伤。21. All personal will start wearing hard hats, steel toed Boots around rig area no matter what his position is. 不管是什么岗位，所有人在井场周围必须戴安全帽、穿钢头工鞋。22. All Crews will Hold BOPs Drills Maximum 1 per week or more often if crews are obviously weak at performing Drills and record if necessary.

35、Great Wall Upper Management will be involved in observing Drills and training of Rig Crews. This will be ongoing process. 所有人员将每周进行1次防喷演习，如人员在演习中明显弱项，增加演习次数，如果必要给以记录。长城的高层项目部将视察演习并对井队培训。这些措施就要实行。23. Need pick up elevators, Stabbing board in derrick. * 需要单根吊卡、井架的（套管）扶正台。24. Accumulator Installed in Generator Room. * 储能器安装在发电机房中。25. SIDPP gauge installed Manifold 250 kPa Increments. *安装在节流管汇上的关井立压表，刻度为250千帕。26. 2”standpipe, Circulating Hose Installed in Derrick for Casing. *安装到井架的2”立管