非谓语动词的用法讲解过去分词的用法

1、过去分词的用法过去分词的用法非谓语动词的用法讲解：非谓语动词的用法讲解：2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。语，此时应注意人称一致。 (1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. （given 为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语主句主语 I ，即，即 I 被再给一个小时。）被再给一个小时。） (2) _from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us

2、. _from the top of the hill, I find the city looks more beautiful to us. 【注意】如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加【注意】如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于上属于独立主格结构独立主格结构。 (1) The signal given, the bus started. （the signal 是是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句的逻辑主语，因此主句主语主语 the bus

3、就不是就不是given 的逻辑主语的逻辑主语。 (2) Her head held high, she went by. （her head 是是 held high 的逻辑主语，因此的逻辑主语，因此主句主语主句主语 she 就不再是就不再是held high 的逻辑主的逻辑主语。）语。） q “with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构结构“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介结构中，过去分词用作介词词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：方式、条件、原因等状语。例如： (1) The mu

4、rderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. （方式）（方式） (2) With water heated, we can see the steam.（条件）（条件） (3) With the matter settled, we all went home.（原因）（原因） (4) She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. (5) He stood for a moment with his hand still raised. 过去分词作

5、状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Seen from the hill1. 时间状语时间状语, 可在过去分词前加上连词可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等等.2. Dont speak until you are spoken to.Until spoken to2.1. Because the boy was greatly touched

6、by his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.Greatly touched by the teachers words2. As he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do.Surprised at what happened英语主动形式表被动意义的几种情况英语主动形式表被动意义的几种情况1.表示被动含义的主动动词 1)系动词 taste ,sound ,look, smell, feelYour reason sounds

7、 reasonable. Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.2)一些与cant 或wont, wouldnt 连用的动词。常用的有: lock , shut , open , act 等, The door wont/ wouldnt open. It cant /wouldnt move. 3) sell, wash , clean , burn , cook 等, 与 well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用 , The book sells well. These clothes wash well.

8、2.表示被动含义的主动结构 1)动名词 be worth , want ( 需要), need(需要), require(需要)后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如: Your hair wants/needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut . 2)不定式 1.主语主语+be+形容词形容词+不定式不定式”句型中句型中,形容词easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、interesting、important、expensive、 comfortable、pleasant、impossib

9、le句中的句中的主语主语又是不定式的又是不定式的逻辑宾语逻辑宾语时，通常时，通常用不定式主动形式表示被动意义用不定式主动形式表示被动意义 ,例如例如: That question is difficult to answer. Chickens legs are nice to eat. 2.当不定式所修饰的当不定式所修饰的名词或代词名词或代词是是动词的宾语动词的宾语，而句子，而句子的的主语主语也是不定式的也是不定式的逻辑主语逻辑主语时。时。 : He bought He bought some magazinessome magazines to to read read . . He ha

10、s He has a familya family to to support support. . 3. 3.当不定式所修饰的当不定式所修饰的名词或代词名词或代词，是及物动词的，是及物动词的直接宾直接宾语语，而间接宾语而间接宾语是是不定式的逻辑主语不定式的逻辑主语时。时。 The teacher gave The teacher gave the studentsthe students some papersome paper to to write onwrite on . . 4. 4.当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是“there bethere be. ”

11、. ”结构句中的主语时结构句中的主语时 ( ( 此处用此处用主动或被动主动或被动式，一般说来式，一般说来无意义上的不同无意义上的不同 ) ) 。 如：如： There are There are many problemsmany problems to to work outwork out . . ( t o b e w o r k e d o u t ) ( t o b e w o r k e d o u t ) 3)3)特殊结构特殊结构 “be + under +be + under +名词名词”结构结构: :这种结构表示某这种结构表示某事事“在进行中在进行中”。例如。例如: : The building The building is under constructionis under construction. .The whole matter The whole matter is