完整word版中考专题复习被动语态

1、树慧培优中考专题复习专题二被动语态一、被动语态的概念英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。Many people speak Chinese.许多人说汉语。谓语 speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。Chinese is spoken by many people.汉语被许多人说。主语 Chinese 是动词 speak 的承受者。考点一被动语态结构【高清课堂：Passive Voice 与时态】一般现在时： am / is / are +及物动词的过去

2、分词You are wanted on the phone.有你的电话。一般过去时： was / were +及物动词的过去分词China was liberated in 1949.1949 年中国解放。一般将来时： will / shall be + 及物动词的过去分词The problem will be discussed tomorrow.明天将对这个问题进行讨论。现在完成时： have / has been +及物动词的过去分词Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。现在进行时： am / is /

3、are being +及物动词的过去分词My bike is being repaired. 我的自行车正在修理。过去完成时： had been +及物动词的过去分词The book had been borrowed when I got to the library.我到了图书馆时 ,那本书已经借出去了。考点二主动语态与被动语态的转换1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2）把谓语变为被动结构（be过去分词）注意：根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式。3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。All the peo

4、ple laughed at him. 所有人都嘲笑他。 He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. 他们在那家工厂制造自行车。 The bikes are made by them in the factory.来树慧，人人都能当学霸1树慧培优中考专题复习He cut down a tree. 他砍倒了一棵树。 A tree was cut down by him. 4）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由 “情态动词 be过去分词 ”构成。Little Tom can work

5、 out this maths problem easily. 小汤姆能容易地做出这道数学题。 This maths problem can be easily work out by little Tom. They should do it at once. 他们应该立刻做那件事。It should be done at once.5) 含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态主动语态的双宾语句式 : 主语 +谓语动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 +其他被动语态的双宾语句式 : 间接宾语 +be+过去分词 +直接宾语 +其他或:直接宾语 +be +过去分词 +介词 (for / to)+ 间接宾语 +

6、其他My father gave me a new book on my birthday.我的父亲在我生日那天给我一本新书。 I was given a new book on my birthday (by my father). A new book was given to me on my birthday (by my father). My father bought me a new computer yesterday.我的父亲昨天给我买了一台新电脑。 I was bought a new computer yesterday (by my father). A new co

7、mputer was bought for me yesterday (by my father)6) 带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态带有复合宾语 (宾语 +宾语补足语 )的主动语态变为被动语态时 ,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语 ,原来的宾语补足语不动。His teacher found him a very good pupil. 他的老师发现他是一个很好的学生。 He was found a very good pupil by his teacher.7) 在主动句中 , let, make, see, hear等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to,但在被动句中 ,则要还原 to。Lin

8、da s parents make her practice the piano every Sunday. Linda is made to practice the piano every Sunday.8) 有些及物动词如 have(有 ), reach, cost 等, 以及有些联系动词如smell, taste, sound, feel等,不用于被动语态。 Five dollars is cost by this book. This book costs five dollars. 这本书花费五美元。 The food is tasted nice. The food tastes

9、 nice. 这种食物尝起来很好。来树慧，人人都能当学霸2树慧培优中考专题复习练习 .单项选择。()1.(2018 广东 )Many shops in China _ to shut down as a new law against ivory( 象牙 )trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018.A.orderedB.didnt orderC.were orderedD.werent ordered()2.(2017 广东 )The waiter told me that free parking_ for the hotel guests.A.

10、providesB.providedC.will be providedD.was provided()3.(2016 广东 )He Jiang_to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at HarvardUniversity last month.A.invitesB.invitedC.is invited D.was invited()4.(2015 广东 ) Have you heard of the song LittleApple? Yes. It_every morning when aged people do square dan

11、cing downstairs.A.is played B.playsC.was playedD.played()5.(2013 广东 )It_ last week that the haze(雾霾 ) in Beijing caused many problems.A.reportsB.reportedC.is reported D.was reported()6.(2012 广东 )Hot water _in the students flats from 5 p.m.to 7 p.m.now.A.suppliesB.is suppliedC.suppliedD.was supplied（

12、）7.(2015天津 )The novel _ by many people today.A. is readB. are readC. readsD. were read（）8.(2015北京 )These model cars _ in China in 2013.A. are madeB. were madeC. makeD. made（）9.(2015重庆 ) How clean your car is! Thank you. It _ very often.A. is washedB. washesC. was washedD. washed（）10. (2015 沈阳 ) When

13、 you _ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it.A. giveB. are givingC. gaveD. aregiven .用适当时态和语态的动词填空:来树慧，人人都能当学霸3树慧培优中考专题复习1、Can he _ (speak) English?2、What language _ (speak) in that country?3、The film _ (show) many times since last Sunday.4、These TV sets _ (make) in Sichuan.5、It ha

14、s got so dark. Would you please _ (turn) on the light?6、A new hospital _ (build) in this area now.7、_ the book _ (return).8、Rice _ (grow) in the south.9、The window _ (not break) by the boy.10、I _ (tell) he _ (not come) just now. .把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态的句子。1. Do you sweep the floor every day?_2. Did people

15、 in the old days grow tea?_3. We have learned Lesson 60._4. We can t see many of the stars._5. China has sent up man-made satellites into space._6. They will plant the trees tomorrow._7. I see him go to school every day._8. Our teacher made us close our eyes in the game._来树慧，人人都能当学霸4树慧培优中考专题复习答案： 1-5 CDDAD6-10 BABAD . 把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态的句子。1. Is the floor swept（by you）every day?2. Was tea grown by people in the old days?3. Lesson 60 has been learned