(完整版)中考复习专题数词

1、专题三 数词数词表示数量或顺序次第。数词在句子中充当主语、 宾语、定语、表语和同位语等：The first is better tha n the others.（主语）How many apples do you wan t?Please give me one.（宾语）More tha n three hun dred pupils have visited the museum.（定语）My gran dma is already seve nty.（表语）They two have gone off.（同位语）一、数词的分类表示数量的数词叫 基数词，如：one, ten, twenty

2、-one 等。表示顺序的数词叫序数词，如：first,tenth,twenty -second 等。序数词前要加定冠词 the。1、数词的构成（一）基数词onetwotwentythreethir teenthir tyfourfour teenfor tyfivefi f tee nfif tysixsix teensix tysevenseventeenseventyeighteigh teeneigh tyninenine teennine tytentwentyhundredeleventwen ty-onethousandtwelvemillion巧记100以内的基数词基数词不难记，

3、 找出规律就容易。 十二以内词各异， 一个一个单独记看仔细后力口 teen 变十几，thirteenfifteen十八需要看准确，eighteen只有一个 t.第3页二十到九十加 ty, twenty 、eighty 重点记。forty 去掉字母 u, thirty 、 fifty 更出奇。十位数后接个位数，表示数字几十几。 排列顺序不费力， 连字符号“- ”莫丢弃写到几百几十几， 巧学妙记加努力，and 把百与十系。 hundred 是你的好成绩1) 1-12 都是独立的单词， 需单独记忆： one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, ni

4、ne, ten, eleven, twelve2) 13-19 在词尾加 - teen, 如： fourteen, sixteen, 但注意： thirteen, fifteen, eighteen。3) 20-90 整十位数在词尾加 - ty, 但注意： twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty;21-99十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-”如：forty - four, ninety -one。4) 101-999 在 hundred 后加 and;1 ， 000以上的数， 要 从个位开始，由右到左，每隔三位分段读：407four hundred and se

5、ven,698 six hundred and ninety - eight8,436 eight thousand four hundred and thirty six 56,367,290 fifty - six million three hundred and sixty- seven thousand two hundred and ninety第 3 页读数诀窍从右向左三逗开，一逗千，二逗百万，三逗就是十万万， 三位分开用百读， 保准又快又清楚。注： hun dred, thousa nd, milli on, billi on 即使被 多于“一”的数词修饰，也不用复数，但和of

6、连用时， 则要用复数，表示概数，如：hundreds of成百上千的 thousands of 成千 上万的tens ofthousa nds of 数以万计的巧记口诀确切数目用单数；糊涂数字用复数，后面还还要用of.1、序数词基数词序数词基数词序数词基数词序数词onefirsteleve neleven thtwoseconetwelvetwel fthtwentytwen tie ththreethirdthirtee nthirtee n ththir tythir tie thfourfour thfourtee nfourteen thfor tyfor tie thfivefi f

7、thfiftee nfiftee nthfif tyfif tie thsixsix thsixtee nsixteen thsix tysix tie thseve nseventhseventeenseventeen thseve ntyseven tie th1eighteigh theightee neighteen theigh tyeigh tie thninenin thnin etee nnineteen thnine tynine tie thtenten thtwen tytwent ie th基数词变序数词口诀 基变序，有规律一、二、三，特殊记，结尾各是t,d,d.th,

8、从四起，八加h,九减e;ty改为tie;ve要用f来代替，five,twelve是两兄弟；若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。序数词的基本构成方法是在基数词后加-th，十位整数序数词的构成是将 y变i，加-eth。女口： six - sixthtwenty -seven twenty - seventhtwentytwentieth ninety -ninetieth但: one firsttwo sec ond three third five fifthtwelve - twelfth 序数词的缩略式是阿拉伯数字加上 该序数词的末两个字母，如：first - 1st thirty-second

9、32 ndfour hundred and sixtiethth数词的用法(一) 表示编号Less on 11 (the eleve nth less on) Page 5 (thefifth page) Room 2(the sec ond room)(二) 表示时间1. 世纪年代：在 1949 年 in 1949( nineteen forty -nine 或 nineteen hun dred and forty -nine )在 1905年 in 1905(nineteen and five 或 nineteenhun dred and five )在 19 世纟纪 in the 19

10、 th century 在 70 年代 in the seve nties在 20 世纪 70 年代 in the 1970s(1970 s)(nineteenseve nties)2日期在 7 月 10 日 OnJuly 10 (th)( 读作 July tenth 或 July ten) 或 on 10(th) July ( 读作 the ten th of July) 1975 年 7 月 10 日 July 10 (th) ，975 10(th)July,19753. 时刻：5: 00 at five (o clock)5： 10 at five ten5： 30 at five th

11、irty at five forty -five或 at ten past five:45或 at half past five 5 或 at a quarter to six-460第7页“时刻”的表达法口诀“时”在前，“分”在后，quarter,half 不能有如果出现 past,to, 我们可要看清楚； 前是“分”，后是“点” ， past,to, 立中间； past 是“过” ,to 是“差”。如果表示“几点半” ，要用 half past 加钟点。注：在“差几分”、“过几分”的分钟数如为5或10,一般省略minutes，否则要加上。在年月前用in，在日期前用on,在时刻前用at。（三

12、）表示岁数She is ten (years old). She is a twenty year-old girl. She is twenties.她二十多岁。At(the age of) six, he went to school.(四) 用在四则运算中3+2=5 Three plus two is five. 5-2=3 Fiveminustwo is three. 5 x 3=15 Five times /multiplied bythree is fifteen.is three.(五) 表示次数时15 5=3 Fifteen一般在数词后加divided by fivetime(

13、s)三次 three times五十次 fifty times三 次 the third time第二 十二 次 the twenty第 13 页（六）分数“分数”的表达法口诀分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于“1”，分母加“ -s ” .带分数莫着急，前加整数，and连接就可以 分母若是“ 2”和“4”，half,quarter 可代替 分数由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词，分母用 序数词。分子大于1时，作分母的序数词要用复数形式。如：1/3 one - third 或 a third 2/3 two-thirds 4/5 four- fifths 注：带整数的分数11 one and a

14、half 4中，整数用基数词，并在整数和分数之间加and:290 four and nine twentieths（七）小数小数的表示法和汉语的小数表示法相同，其中“点”读 point 。2.33 two point three three0.546 zero （0） point five four six（八）倍数除了“一倍”用 once，“两倍”用twice或double之第8页外，其余都为基数词 +times 。注意识记表示倍数的句 型：1倍数+as+形容词原形+as是的几倍This rope is three times as long as that one.2倍数 +the 单位名

15、词（size, length, width ）+of 或倍数 +what 从句是的几倍This rope is three times the len gth of that one.The output of the car this year is three times what it was last year.3. 倍数+形容词比较级 +than + 比多（少，大，小，长，宽）几倍This rope is three times longer than that one.（ 九） 表示年代或岁数时， 用逢十的基数词的复数形式：in the 1930s 在 二 十 世 纪 三 十 年

16、代 in his fifties 在他五十多岁时注：十多岁时用 in ones teens ，而不是 in ones tens 。数词何时用复数？1 、表示几十岁时。2、表示几十年代时3、表示不确定数目时。4、在分数中，当分子（基数词）大于“ 1”时，分母 （序数词）要用复数。5、当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时，也要用复数。1. He died in his thirties .2. Great changes took placein the 1970s.3. History has entered the eighties .4. Some hundreds of new bu

17、ildings5. Two thirds of the teachers in our school arewomen.6. How many sevens are there in forty-nine?7. They arrived by twos and threes.（十） 数词前加 every 表示“每隔” ： 复基，单序，时多一，其余不变照翻译。Every two days = every second day =every other day 每两天 ，每隔一天（ 十 一 ） hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen 等数

18、词前即使有数词修饰，也不能变为 复数，但如和 of 连用时则用复数， 表示概数。（十二） 识记表示不定量的常用词或短语第 10 页1. 修饰可数名词 ： many, many a + + 单数可数名词， a good/ great many, a number of, several,(a) few 等。2. 修饰不可数名词 ： much, (a) little, a great deal of, a large amount of 等。3. 修饰可数名词和不可数名词 ： some, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of,

19、 large quantities of 等。 例题精析 例 1.More than of the students in theirclass are girls.A. two third B. two threeC. second three D. two thirds 解析：本题考查的是分词的构成，即基数词+序数词，如果基数词是二或二以上的数字，则序数词用复数， 所以只有答案 D 的形式正确。例 2.The population of China is that of theUSA.A. five times larger than B.larger five times thanC.f

20、ive times large as D.as large five times as 解析：倍数表达的三种基本句型中，倍数应紧跟在 be 之后，倍数+as+形容词原形+ as倍数 第 11 页+the 单位名词(size, length, width )+of 倍数+形容词比较级+than +。答案：A。例 3.In the past two years, at least treeshave been planted along the road.A. two thousand B. two thousands ofC. two thousands D. thousand of解析： th

21、ousand 只有和 of 连用时，要变成复数，表 示“成千上万的” 。答案： A。专题测试1. Mary began to learn Russian .A. in fifties B. in her fiftiesC. in the fifty D. in her fifty2. About 80 percent of the population farmer.A. are B. is C. was D. have been3. He goes to school on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. That is to say, he goes to sc

22、hool every day.A. two B. the second C. another D. other4. I go to see my parents days.第 # 页A. a few B. few C. every a few D. every few5. Sharon has been to China times.A. scores of B. score ofC. two scores D. two scores of6. A computer can store information in it.A. a good many B. a great deal ofC.

23、a large number of D. a lot7. The population here is it was threeyears ago.A.twice B.twice much C.twice more D.twice what8. of them amongthe visitors to this town arecollege students.A. Two - fives B. Two fifthsC. Seco nd - fifth D. Two five9. Don t you know the earth is the moon?A. as big as forty n

24、ineB. forty nine times bigger thanC. as big as one - thirdD. one third times tha n size of10. Almost three died in the earthquake.第 13 页A. hundreds people B. hundred peoplesC. hundred people D. hundreds peoples11.I have paid 50 yuan for _eggs. It s tooexpensive!A. two dozens and four B.two dozen and fourC. two dozen and four of D.two dozens and four12. The passenger has been waiting here for _.A. one and the half hour B. one hour and a halfC. one and half hour D. one hour and a half hour13. Boys and girls, today we will study .A. the sixth part B. sixth partC. Part SixD. A and C14