网络系统集成第十一章

1、第十一章 配置帧中继通过本章的学习，您应该掌握以下内容：了解 Frame Relay 工作过程配置 Frame Relay配置 Frame Relay 的子端口查看 Frame Relay 信息本章目标Frame Relay 概述使用虚电路进行连接提供面向对象的服务Frame Relay works here.DCE or FrameRelay SwitchCSU/DSUFrame Relay 栈OSI 参考模型参考模型Frame RelayPhysicalPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkApplicationEIA/TIA-232, E

2、IA/TIA-449, V.35, X.21, EIA/TIA-530Frame RelayIP/IPX/AppleTalk, etc.Frame Relay 术语LocalAccessLoop=T1Local AccessLoop=64 kbpsLocal AccessLoop=64 kbpsDLCI: 400PVCDLCI: 500LMI100=Active400=ActiveDLCI: 200DLCI: 100PVCCSU/DSUFrame Relay 地址映射从提供商那里得到本地的DLCI号 建立目的地址和本地DLCI之间的映射关系DLCI: 500PVC10.1.1.1Inverse

3、 ARP orFrame Relay mapIP(10.1.1.1)FrameRelayDLCI (500)Frame Relay 信号l Cisco 路由器支持三种 LMI 标准:CiscoANSI T1.617 Annex DITU-T Q.933 Annex ADLCI: 400PVCKeepaliveCSU/DSUDLCI: 500PVC10.1.1.1xLMI500=Active400=InactiveFrame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作Frame RelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=400172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame R

4、elay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作2Status Inquiry2Status InquiryFrame RelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=400172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作3Local DLCI 100=Active4Local DLCI 400=Active2Status Inquiry2Status InquiryFrame RelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=4003172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作4H

5、ello, I am 172.168.5.5.3Local DLCI 100=Active4Local DLCI 400=Active2Status Inquiry2Status InquiryFrame RelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=4003172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作Hello, I am 172.168.5.7.45Frame Relay Map172.168.5.5 DLCI 400 ActiveFrame RelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400Frame Relay Map17

6、2.168.5.7 DLCI 100 Active5172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作Hello, I am 172.168.5.7.45Frame Relay Map172.168.5.5 DLCI 400 ActiveFrame RelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400Frame Relay Map172.168.5.7 DLCI 100 Active5Hello, I am 172.168.5.5.6172.168.5.5172.168.5.7Frame Relay 的反转 ARP 协议和 LMI 工作Ke

7、epalivesKeepalivesHello, I am 172.168.5.7.45Frame Relay Map172.168.5.5 DLCI 400 ActiveFrame RelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400Frame Relay Map172.168.5.7 DLCI 100 Active5Hello, I am 172.168.5.5.677172.168.5.5172.168.5.7 Rel. 11.2 RouterRel. 10.3 Routerinterface Serial1 ip address 10.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 enca

8、psulation frame-relay bandwidth 64interface Serial1 ip address 10.16.0.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay bandwidth 64 frame-relay lmi-type ansiHQBranch配置 Frame Relay反转反转 ARP 缺省情况下是激活的缺省情况下是激活的 在配置输出信息中看不出来在配置输出信息中看不出来Rel. 11.2 RouterRel. 10.3 RouterHQ interface Serial1 ip address 10.16.0.1 2

9、55.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay bandwidth 64interface Serial1 ip address 10.16.0.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay bandwidth 64 frame-relay lmi-type ansiBranch配置 Frame RelayDLCI=110IP address=10.16.0.1/24 p1r1DLCI=100IP address=10.16.0.2/24 interface Serial1ip address 10.16.0.1 255.25

10、5.255.0encapsulation frame-relaybandwidth 64frame-relay map ip 10.16.0.2 110 broadcastHQBranch配置静态的 Frame Relay 映射查看 Frame Relay 信息显示协议、DLCI、和 LMI 的相关信息Router#show interface s0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.140.1.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 2

11、0000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) LMI enq sent 19, LMI stat recvd 20, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0 LMI DLCI 1023 LMI type is CISCO frame relay DTE FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down Br

12、oadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 8/0, interface broadcasts 5 Last input 00:00:02, output 00:00:02, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 显示 LMI 信息Router#show frame-relay lmi LMI Statis

13、tics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = CISCO Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0 Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0 Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0 Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0 Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0 Num St

14、atus Enq. Sent 113100 Num Status msgs Rcvd 113100 Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0查看 Frame Relay 信息显示 PVC 数据通讯信息查看 Frame Relay 信息Router#show frame-relay pvc 100PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE)DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0

15、 input pkts 28 output pkts 10 in bytes 8398 out bytes 1198 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 10 out bcast bytes 1198 pvc create time 00:03:46, last time pvc status changed 00:03:47显示路由信息Router#show frame-relay mapSe

16、rial0 (up): ip 10.140.1.1 dlci 100(0 x64,0 x1840), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, active查看 Frame Relay 信息清除动态的清除动态的Frame Relay 映射关系映射关系查看 Frame Relay 信息Router#show frame-relay mapSerial0 (up): ip 10.140.1.1 dlci 100(0 x64,0 x1840), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, activeRouter#clear frame-re

17、lay-inarpRouter#sh frame mapRouter#显示显示 LMI 的调试信息的调试信息查看 Frame Relay 信息Router#debug Frame lmiFrame Relay LMI debugging is onDisplaying all Frame Relay LMI dataRouter#1w2d: Serial0(out): StEnq, myseq 140, yourseen 139, DTE up1w2d: datagramstart = 0 xE008EC, datagramsize = 131w2d: FR encap = 0 xFCF103

18、091w2d: 00 75 01 01 01 03 02 8C 8B1w2d:1w2d: Serial0(in): Status, myseq 1401w2d: RT IE 1, length 1, type 11w2d: KA IE 3, length 2, yourseq 140, myseq 1401w2d: Serial0(out): StEnq, myseq 141, yourseen 140, DTE up1w2d: datagramstart = 0 xE008EC, datagramsize = 131w2d: FR encap = 0 xFCF103091w2d: 00 75

19、 01 01 01 03 02 8D 8C1w2d:1w2d: Serial0(in): Status, myseq 1421w2d: RT IE 1, length 1, type 01w2d: KA IE 3, length 2, yourseq 142, myseq 1421w2d: PVC IE 0 x7 , length 0 x6 , dlci 100, status 0 x2 , bw 0Star (Hub and Spoke)Full MeshPartial MeshFrame Relay default: nonbroadcast, multiaccess (NMBA)选择 F

20、rame Relay 拓扑结构l 问题:广播帧必须复制给其它已经建立的连接RoutingUpdateACB231路由信息的可达性BCDA实现路由信息的可达性l解决方法:在NBMA环境的网络中使用水平分割可能造成一些问题划分子端口可以解决水平分割造成的问题一个物理端口可以被划分成多个逻辑意义上的子端口Subnet ASubnet BSubnet CS0PhysicalInterfaceS0.1S0.2S0.3Logical Interface 子端口的配置点到点 子端口看作是专线 没一个点到点连接的子端口要求由自己的子网 适用于星型拓扑结构 多点 子端口应用在 NBMA 网络，因此它们无法解决水

21、平分割所带来的问题 由于使用的是单独的子网可以保存地址空间 适用于 partial-mesh 和 full-mesh 拓扑结构中A10.17.0.1s0.2B配置点到点的子端口interface Serial0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay!interface Serial0.2 point-to-point ip address 10.17.0.1 255.255.255.0 bandwidth 64 frame-relay interface-dlci 110!interface Serial0.3 point-to-point ip address 10.18.0.1 255.255.255.0 ban